Radiotherapy dosing in intracranial ependymoma using the national cancer database.

Purpose: To determine the dose-dependent effect of adjuvant radiotherapy on survival for pediatric intracranial ependymomas and explore patient and disease characteristics that experience survival benefit from higher doses.

Methods: Data was accessed from the National Cancer Database. Inclusion criteria was comprised of a diagnosis of non-metastatic intracranial ependymoma, World Health Organization (WHO) grade 2 or 3, surgical resection, adjuvant radiotherapy between 4500-6300 cGy, and non-missing survivorship data.

Pediatric regimens in the treatment of adult-onset, metastatic Wilms tumor: A case report.

The optimal treatment of adult-onset Wilms tumors (WTs) in elderly patients is a debated area, as pediatric protocols are thought to carry unacceptable toxicity. We treated a 62-year-old female with good performance status and Stage IV (T1b N1 M1) favorable histology WT using pediatric adjuvant and salvage chemoradiation protocols. Though she experienced nodal relapse and both adjuvant and salvage treatment were discontinued early due to toxicity, she obtained excellent oncologic outcomes, having remained disease-free for 32 months.

Traumatic abdominal wall hernia in childhood: a bicycle handlebar injury.

A female patient in her middle childhood presented to the paediatric emergency room (ER) after a bicycle accident with an abdominal impact on the bicycle handlebar. On physical examination, a painful ecchymosis on the upper left quadrant was the only abnormal finding. Abdominal ultrasound showed no intra-abdominal lesions, and the patient was discharged home after 24 hours under monitoring.

The genetics of resilience and its relationships with egg production traits and antibody traits in chickens.

Background: Resilience is the capacity of an animal to be minimally affected by disturbances or to rapidly return to its initial state before exposure to a disturbance. Resilient livestock are desired because of their improved health and increased economic profit. Genetic improvement of resilience may also lead to trade-offs with production traits.

How might secondary dementia prevention programs work in practice: a pre-implementation study of the APPLE-Tree program.

Background: Over 850,000 people in the UK currently have dementia, and that number is expected to grow rapidly. One approach that may help slow or prevent this growth is personalized dementia prevention. For most people, this will involve targeted lifestyle changes.

Verification of surface-guided radiation therapy (SGRT) alignment for proton breast and chest wall patients by comparison to CT-on-rails and kV-2D alignment.

Background: Surface-guided radiation therapy (SGRT) systems have been widely installed and utilized on linear accelerators. However, the use of SGRT with proton therapy is still a newly developing field, and published reports are currently very limited.

Purpose: To assess the clinical application and alignment agreement of SGRT with CT-on-rails (CTOR) and kV-2D image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT) for breast treatment using proton therapy.

The Pediatric Proton and Photon Therapy Comparison Cohort: Study Design for a Multicenter Retrospective Cohort to Investigate Subsequent Cancers After Pediatric Radiation Therapy.

Purpose: The physical properties of protons lower doses to surrounding normal tissues compared with photons, potentially reducing acute and long-term adverse effects, including subsequent cancers. The magnitude of benefit is uncertain, however, and currently based largely on modeling studies. Despite the paucity of directly comparative data, the number of proton centers and patients are expanding exponentially.

Partial Breast Irradiation for Patients With Early-Stage Invasive Breast Cancer or Ductal Carcinoma In Situ: An ASTRO Clinical Practice Guideline.

Purpose: This guideline provides evidence-based recommendations on appropriate indications and techniques for partial breast irradiation (PBI) for patients with early-stage invasive breast cancer and ductal carcinoma in situ.

Methods: ASTRO convened a task force to address 4 key questions focused on the appropriate indications and techniques for PBI as an alternative to whole breast irradiation (WBI) to result in similar rates of ipsilateral breast recurrence (IBR) and toxicity outcomes. Also addressed were aspects related to the technical delivery of PBI, including dose-fractionation regimens, target volumes, and treatment parameters for different PBI techniques.

Feasibility of resuscitative transesophageal echocardiography at out-of-hospital emergency scenes of cardiac arrest.

Guidelines recommend the use of ultrasound in cardiac arrest. Transthoracic echocardiography, has issues with image quality and by increasing hands-off times during resuscitation. We assessed the feasibility of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), which does not have both problems, at out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) emergency scenes.

Nature As a "Lifeline": The Power of Photography When Exploring the Experiences of Older Adults Living With Memory Loss and Memory Concerns.

The visual is an underutilized modality through which to investigate experiences of memory loss in older people. We describe a visual ethnography with older adults experiencing subjective or objective memory loss, receiving a cognitive well-being group intervention designed to prevent cognitive decline and dementia (APPLE-Tree program). We aimed to explore lived experiences of people with memory concerns, how participants engaged with this photography and codesign project, and how collaboration with an artist/photographer enhanced this process.

Non-clinically trained facilitators' experiences of remote psychosocial interventions for older adults with memory loss and their family carers.

Background: Dementia is the seventh leading cause of global mortality, with cases increasing. Psychosocial interventions might help prevent dementia and improve quality of life. Although it is cost-effective for non-clinically trained staff to deliver these, concerns are raised and little is known about the resulting impact on staff, especially for remote interventions.

Kidney Disease in Childhood Cancer Survivors Treated With Radiation Therapy: A PENTEC Comprehensive Review.

Purpose: Kidney injury is a known late and potentially devastating complication of abdominal radiation therapy (RT) in pediatric patients. A comprehensive Pediatric Normal Tissue Effects in the Clinic review by the Genitourinary (GU) Task Force aimed to describe RT dose-volume relationships for GU dysfunction, including kidney, bladder, and hypertension, for pediatric malignancies. The effect of chemotherapy was also considered.

Three-Fraction Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation (APBI) Delivered With Interstitial Brachytherapy Is Safe: First Results From the Tri-fraction Radiation Therapy Used to Minimize Patient Hospital Trips (TRIUMPH-T) Trial.

Purpose: Shorter courses of breast radiotherapy are offered as an alternative to 4 weeks of whole-breast irradiation after lumpectomy, including brachytherapy. A prospective phase 2multi-institution clinical trial to study 3-fraction accelerated partial breast irradiation delivered by brachytherapy was conducted.

Methods And Materials: The trial treated selected breast cancers after breast-conserving surgery with brachytherapy applicators that delivered 22.

Resuscitative transoesophageal echocardiography performed by emergency physicians in the emergency department: insights from a 1-year period.

Aims: Transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE) has increasingly been described as a possible complementary and point-of-care approach for patients with cardiac arrest (CA). It provides information about potentially reversible causes and prognosis and allows monitoring of resuscitation efforts without affecting ongoing chest compressions. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of TOE performed by emergency physicians (EPs) during CA in an emergency department (ED).

Patterns of Care and Utilization Disparities in Proton Radiation Therapy for Pediatric Central Nervous System Malignancies.

Purpose: Proton radiation therapy (PR) is well established in the treatment of pediatric malignancies in the central nervous system (CNS) with dosimetric advantages that reduce late radiation therapy (RT) effects. In this analysis, we sought to evaluate the utilization of PR in children with primary CNS malignancies and characterize the clinical and sociodemographic factors predictive of receipt of PR.

Methods And Materials: The National Cancer Database was queried to identify all pediatric patients with primary CNS malignancies treated with curative intent RT from 2004 to 2017.

NCCN Guidelines® Insights: Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors, Version 2.2022.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are the most common type of soft tissue sarcoma that occur throughout the gastrointestinal tract. Most of these tumors are caused by oncogenic activating mutations in the KIT or PDGFRA genes. The NCCN Guidelines for GIST provide recommendations for the diagnosis, evaluation, treatment, and follow-up of patients with these tumors.

Rapid turnover of sensor data to genetic evaluation for dairy cows in the cloud.

More and more sensor and automation data are available that enable animal breeders to define novel traits. However, sensor and automation data are often frequently measured differently (e.g.

Delineating the Subarachnoid Space in the Adult Lumbosacral Spine Using Computed Tomographic Myelography: An Aid for Clinical Target Volume Delineation in Craniospinal Irradiation.

Purpose: Our aim was to characterize the patterns of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) extension in the lumbosacral spine using computed tomography (CT) myelograms to provide an evidence base for clinical target volume (CTV) definition in adults receiving craniospinal irradiation.

Methods And Materials: This was a retrospective analysis of diagnostic CT lumbar myelograms performed in 30 patients between the ages of 22 and 50. Lateral extension of CSF beyond the thecal sac was measured along each lumbar and sacral nerve root to the nearest millimeter, as was the distance of inferior extension of CSF beyond the caudal end of the thecal sac.

The difference between arterial pCO and etCO after cardiac arrest - Outcome predictor or marker of unfavorable resuscitation circumstances?

Introduction: In former studies, the arterio-alveolar carbon dioxide gradient (ΔCO) predicted in-hospital mortality after initially survived cardiac arrest. As early outcome predictors are urgently needed, we evaluated ΔCO as predictor for good neurological outcome in our cohort.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed all patients ≥18 years of age after non-traumatic in- and out of hospital cardiac arrest in the year 2018 from our resuscitation database.

Observational study on associations between resilience indicators based on daily milk yield in first lactation and lifetime profitability.

Resilience is the ability of cows to be minimally affected by disturbances, such as pathogens, heat waves, and changes in feed quality, or to quickly recover. Obvious advantages of resilience are good animal welfare and easy and pleasant management for farmers. Furthermore, economic effects are also expected, but these remain to be determined.

Mental health disorders are more common in patients with Hodgkin lymphoma and may negatively impact overall survival.

Background: Long-term mental health outcomes were characterized in patients who were diagnosed with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), and risk factors for the development of mental health disorders were identified.

Methods: Patients who were diagnosed with HL between 1997 and 2014 were identified in the Utah Cancer Registry. Each patient was matched with up to five individuals from a general population cohort identified within the Utah Population Database, a unique source of linked records that includes patient and demographic data.

The APPLE Tree programme: Active Prevention in People at risk of dementia through Lifestyle, bEhaviour change and Technology to build REsiliEnce-randomised controlled trial.

Background: Large-scale trials of multidomain interventions show that modifying lifestyle and psychological risk factors can slow cognitive decline. We aim to determine if a lower intensity, personally tailored secondary dementia prevention programme for older people with subjective or mild objective memory decline, informed by behaviour change theory, reduces cognitive decline over 2 years.

Methods: A multi-site, single-blind randomised controlled trial recruiting 704 older adults at high dementia risk due to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or subjective cognitive decline (SCD).

Soft Tissue Sarcoma, Version 2.2022, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology.

Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are rare malignancies of mesenchymal cell origin that display a heterogenous mix of clinical and pathologic characteristics. STS can develop from fat, muscle, nerves, blood vessels, and other connective tissues. The evaluation and treatment of patients with STS requires a multidisciplinary team with demonstrated expertise in the management of these tumors.