[Effect of ethanol and the catalase inhibitor aminotriazole on lipid peroxidation in the rat myocardium].

The influence of chronic alcohol consumption and catalase inhibitor aminotriazole administration on the level of nonenzymatic lipid peroxidation has been studied in the rat myocardium. It was demonstrated that combined as well as separate treatment with ethanol or aminotriazole elevated the levels of chemiluminescence and enhanced the rate of accumulation of thiobarbituric acid-reactive products in the nuclei-free and total particulate fraction of the rat heart homogenate. The most pronounced effect was noted during combined application of ethanol and aminotriazole.

[Characteristics of an experimental model of alcoholic cardiomyopathy by diagnostic enzyme tests].

Experimental alcoholic cardiomyopathy was simulated by aminotriazole administration (1 g/kg) into chronically ethanol intoxicated rats. Activity and isozyme spectra of organospecific enzymes and bilirubin concentration were determined in blood plasma. Activity of catalase was assayed in liver and heart homogenates.

Adrenal cortex of rat: diurnal variation of nuclear volumes and mitotic index of cells in zona fasciculata.

Diurnal variation in nuclear volumes of cells in the adrenal zona fasciculata was observed in adult male Wistar rats (200-230 g) with a peak level at 24.00-03.00 and the lowest level at 09.

[Testosterone metabolism in the skin of women with hirsutism].

A study was made of the endogenous testosterone (T) level in the blood plasma, the rate of T decomposition and the level of 5 alpha-dehydrotestosterone in the pubic skin of women with hirsutism of different genesis. As to T amounts the investigated form of androgenization can be placed in the following sequence: diencephalic form of ovarian polycystosis greater than congenital adrenogenital syndrome greater than ovarian form of polycystosis (before operation) greater than idiopathic form of hirsutism greater than ovarian form of polycystosis (after operation) greater than healthy women. The rate of T transformation into 5 alpha-dehydrotesosterone was higher but in patients with the idiopathic form of hirsutism whereas the level of 5 alpha-dehydrotestosterone was significantly decreased in all the patients.

[Hartmann's operation in cancer of the rectum and sigmoid].

Data of 84 Hartmann operations have shown it to be the operation of choice not only in urgent but also in planned surgery. It is indicated to patients with severe intercurrent diseases and in cases with great local regional spread of the tumor process. To prevent the development of infection in the pelvic fat a careful suture of the rectum stump and wide drain of the presacral space is necessary.

[Indices of thyroid activity in patients with breast cancer].

An all-round study established thyroid dysfunction in 51 reproductive, climacteric and menopausal patients with primary T2-3 NO-1 MO cancer of the breast. Hypothyroidism is attributed to functional derangement of the thyroid and disorder development in peripheral metabolism.

[Regulation of ox liver glutamate dehydrogenase activity by coenzymes].

The effects of coenzymes NAD(P) and NAD(P)H on the kinetics of the ox liver glutamate dehydrogenase reaction have been studied. The oxidized coenzymes were shown to activate alpha-ketoglutarate amination at inhibiting concentrations of NADH and NADPH. The reduced coenzymes, NADH and NADPH, inhibit glutamate deamination with both NAD and NADP as coenzymes.

[Effect of clofibrate on intracellular enzyme distribution in the rat liver].

The effect of chronic administration of a hypolipaemic agent--clofibrate--on the subcellular distribution of liver enzymes in male rats was studied. Clofibrate produced an increase in the number of peroxisomes and also enhanced the activity of aconitase and histidine: glyoxylate aminotransferase (HGA) in liver homogenate. Differential centrifugation of homogenate revealed an elevation of the relative amounts of catalase, HGA and isocitrate dehydrogenase in the soluble cell fraction in clofibrate pretreated animals.

[Effect of chronic administration of ethanol on the enzyme activity of rat serum, liver and brain].

Effect of chronic ethanol administration on some enzyme activities was studied in plasma membranes, brain homogenate cytoplasmic reticulum and cytosol, liver homogenate and microsomal fractions and blood serum. Ethanol was ingested as a constituent of isocaloric "semiliquid" diet. The investigation was carried out to estimate the diagnostic value of certain enzymes in evaluation of alcohol intoxication.

[Effect of ethanol and clofibrate on the activity of lipid catabolism enzyme systems in rat liver].

Male rats were fed ethanol as a constituent of an isocaloric diet. Ethanol administration caused hypercholesterolemia and accumulation of lipids in the liver. However, it did not alter enzymatic activity of fatty acids and cholesterol catabolism in the organ.

[Characterization of clofibrate-stimulated alkaline phosphatase in rat liver].

Hypolipidemic agent clofibrate induced the alkaline phosphatase activity in rat liver but did not affect this activity in kidney, brain, heart and intestine. In liver cells the clofibrate induced alkaline phosphatase was localized in plasma membrane and cytosol and was similar to the enzyme found in normal hepatocytes by its main properties (pH optimum, inactivation temperature, substrate specificity, Km, effect of inhibitors and inducers). The putative mechanism of the alkaline phosphatase induction in liver tissue by means of clofibrate is discussed.

Theoretical analysis of the glutamate dehydrogenase kinetics under physiological conditions.

A kinetic model of the glutamate dehydrogenase reaction has been formulated for the reversible reaction including all seven reactants (substrates and cofactors NAD(H) and NADP(H)). The model parameters have been evaluated from published initial-rate data. Analysis of the model at cofactor concentration near to that in the intact mitochondrion has shown that the competition for active sites between cofactors and substrates simultaneously present in mitochondria diminishes the steady-state rate of the reaction by a factor of 10 to 100 as compared to the maximal reaction rate.