Risk factors for mortality in hospitalized patients infected with carbapenem-resistant in Iran.

Introduction: Mortality due to carbapenem-resistant (CRPA) infection has increased worldwide in recent years. The risk factors associated with hospital settings in Iran and the role of strain resistance mechanisms in many studies are unclear.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on consecutive non-repetitive patients with CRPA infections isolated from seven major hospitals from northwest of Iran.

Unraveling the role of natural killer cells in leishmaniasis.

NK cells are known as frontline responders that are efficient in combating several maladies as well as leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania spp. As such they are being investigated to be used for adoptive transfer therapy and vaccine. In spite of the lack of antigen-specific receptors at their surface, NK cells can selectively recognize pathogens, accomplished by the activation of the receptors on the NK cell surface and also as the result of their effector functions.

Molecular characterization of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from four medical centres in Iran.

Background: Understanding the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance is important for designing new therapeutic options and controlling resistant strains. The goal of this study was to look at the molecular epidemiology and mechanisms of resistance in carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) isolates from Tabriz, Iran.

Methods: One hundred and forty P.