Clinical, laboratory profile and molecular characterization of among fatal scrub typhus patients from Karnataka, India.

Background: Scrub typhus is a vector-borne infection caused by the obligate intracellular organism In some cases, scrub typhus can result in severe complications, multiorgan failure and death.

Objective: To study the clinical and laboratory profiles of patients who succumbed to scrub typhus.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted from August 2019 through April 2023 on scrub typhus patients admitted to our hospital.

Clinical, laboratory, and molecular epidemiology of Orientia tsutsugamushi infection from Southwestern India.

Scrub typhus is a vector borne disease which in a proportion of patients causes multiorgan involvement and death if untreated. Infecting genotype and virulence factors play a role in severity of infection and outcome. The current prospective cohort study was undertaken to elucidate the severity of illness in scrub typhus patients and to identify the circulating genotypes in Karnataka, India.

Association of MTHFR gene polymorphism C677T (rs1801133) studies with early primary knee osteoarthritis in a South Indian population: a hospital-based study.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most commonly occurring disease of middle and elderly population, which is characterized by focal loss of joint articular cartilage, osteophyte formation and sub chondral bone remodeling. Classical risk factors of OA include age, gender, weight, joint injury, trauma, however hereditary component is one of the main crucial factors. Several genome wide association studies and candidate gene approaches have identified genetic variants involved in the influence and association of OA.

Emerging nanotechnology based advanced techniques for wastewater treatment.

The increasing trend of industrialization leads to tremendous release of industrial effluents. Waste water treatment is one of the important sectors to focus in order to overcome the most threatening issue of waste disposal and to ensure sustainability. Sustainable and energy efficient treatment methods are the attractive technologies for their current implementation of waste management.

Utility of next-generation sequencing in genetic testing and counseling of disorders involving the musculoskeletal system-trends observed from a single genetic unit.

Background: Disorders involving the musculoskeletal system are often identified with short stature and a range of orthopedic problems. The clinical and genetic heterogeneity of these diseases along with several characteristic overlaps makes definitive diagnosis difficult for clinicians. Hence, using molecular testing in addition to conventional tests becomes essential for appropriate diagnosis and management.

Microalgal feedstock for the production of omega-3 fatty acid ethyl esters and ɛ-polylysine.

Microalgal omega-3 fatty acids are considered as an efficient alternative for fish-based omega-3 fatty acids. Ethyl esters derived from omega-3 fatty acids are being considered as the drug for hypertriglyceridemia. In this study, omega-3 fatty acids rich sp.

Chromosomal Abnormalities in Couples with Primary and Secondary Infertility: Genetic Counseling for Assisted Reproductive Techniques (ART).

Background: World Health Organization estimates that 60-80 million couple worldwide currently suffer from infertility. Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is also another major concern. Chromosomal rearrangements play a crucial role in primary and secondary infertility and RPL.

Aqueous two-phase partitioning and characterization of xylanase produced by Streptomyces geysiriensis from low cost lignocellulosic substrates.

Microbial production of xylanase is gaining the commercial importance, due to its wide range of applications from paper and pulp to food and feed industries. Streptomyces geysiriensis was used for the production of extracellular xylanase from lignocellulosic substrates such as rice bran and saw dust, under solid-state fermentation. The influence of pH, temperature and incubation period for the maximum production of xylanase was investigated with 1:2 (w/v) of substrate to moisture ratio at 100 rpm shaking conditions.

Robertsonian and Balanced Reciprocal Translocation in Both Child and Mother with a History of Recurrent Abortions.

Background: Similar rare Robertsonian and balanced reciprocal translocation in both child and mother with a history of multiple miscarriages in the first trimester was the motive to write this case report. Cytogenetic analysis helps in genetic counselling of infertility, BOH and dysmorphology which in turn helps in pre implantation genetic testing. Although many case reports have already been published about Robertsonian and balanced translocations, this is the first case report in India which showed both types of translocation in the same patient, rob (13;14) and t (4;7).

Role of gene polymorphism on knee osteoarthritis in the South Indian Hyderabad Population: A hospital based study with G595C variant.

Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a multifactorial disease with genetic factors playing a crucial role, and it has been associated with a family history of obesity. G595C polymorphism in the sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 () gene has demonstrated an association with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients. However, this polymorphism has been never explored in an Indian population.

Multipronged Treatment of Insomnia - Outcomes from an Apex Sleep Disorders Clinic in India.

Introduction: A large proportion of the population suffers from disturbed sleep and a majority of these present to clinicians with the complaint of insomnia. Many of these people possibly suffer from other primary sleep disorders such as sleep apnea; however, insomnia disorder also remains an extremely common condition directly impacting the quality of life and work efficiency of affected people. While a number of approaches are used for treatment by many clinicians, a much smaller percentage can seek help from specialty sleep clinics.

Perceived Stigma Regarding Mental Illnesses among Rural Adults in Vellore, Tamil Nadu, South India.

Background: Stigma is an important factor that determines whether individuals seek treatment for mental illnesses. Studies assessing public perceptions regarding mental illnesses are scarce in India. This study documents the stigma perceived by a rural population toward patients with mental illness and their families.

Effect of sleep quality on memory, executive function, and language performance in patients with refractory focal epilepsy and controlled epilepsy versus healthy controls - A prospective study.

We aimed to evaluate the effect of sleep quality on memory, executive function, and language performance in patients with refractory focal epilepsy and controlled epilepsy and compare these with healthy individuals. We prospectively enrolled 37 adolescent and adult patients with refractory focal epilepsy (Group 1) and controlled epilepsy (Group 2) in each group. History pertaining to epilepsy and sleep were recorded, and all patients underwent overnight polysomnography.

Crystal structure and thermal properties of bis-[μ-2-(meth-oxy-carbonyl-hydrazinyl-idene)acetato-κ ,:]bis-[di-aqua-(thio-cyanato-κ)manganese(II)] tetra-hydrate.

The title compound, [Mn(CHNO)(NCS)(HO)]·4HO (I), exists as a centrosymmetric dimer. Each dimeric unit consists of tridentate (,,)-chelating Schiff bases with symmetry-maintained μ--bridged carboxyl-ate anions, terminally bound thio-cyanate anions, and ligated and solvated water mol-ecules. The complex exhibits a distorted octa-hedron geometry and the centrosymmetric μ--bridged carboxyl-ate anions connect the two manganese atoms to form an O ring.

Role of Positive Airway Pressure Therapy for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Patients With Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Study Objectives: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is an independent risk factor for stroke. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment on prevention of new vascular events among patients with stroke and OSA.

Methods: Consecutive conscious patients presenting with first imaging-confirmed arterial stroke were included, 6 weeks or more after ictus.

Amplification of specific chromosomal regions assessed by fluorescent in situ hybridization on Pap smears to be added as screening tool for identifying women at risk of progressing to cervical cancer.

Cervical carcinoma is a frequent malignancy in developing countries despite being a preventable disease. For the first time, four screening tests were used simultaneously for identifying women with a risk of developing cervical cancer, to help clinicians and policy makers to implement the best strategy for reducing the burden of this disease. Women visiting a hospital in India were enrolled after institutional ethics clearance and informed consent.

Pedigree and BRCA gene analysis in breast cancer patients to identify hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome to prevent morbidity and mortality of disease in Indian population.

Global burden of breast cancer is expected to increase to >2 million new cases every year by 2030 and 10% of these are likely to have hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome. Identifying these individuals by pedigree and BRCA1/2 mutation analyses will enable us to offer targeted mutation testing and appropriate counseling. This study from a tertiary care hospital showed that of the 127 breast cancer patients on treatment during 2014-2015, 24 of them fulfilled the criteria of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome after detailed verbal autopsy and pedigree analysis, and BRCA1 and 2 next-generation sequencing done after pre-test counseling revealed mutations in 13 cases (54%), these included 9 BRCA1 mutations (69%) and 4 BRCA2 mutation (31%).

Behavioral effects and somnolence due to levetiracetam versus oxcarbazepine - a retrospective comparison study of North Indian patients with refractory epilepsy.

Purpose: Levetiracetam (LEV) is often chosen early in the treatment of refractory epilepsy; however, its adverse effects have largely been studied as part of clinical trials. Oxcarbazepine and valproate (VPA) are the other commonly used AEDs and, hence, serve as good comparators. This study was conducted to evaluate behavioral abnormalities and somnolence among patients with epilepsy being treated with LEV and/or OXC compared with those receiving VPA.

Degenerated intervertebral disc prolapse and its association of collagen I alpha 1 Spl gene polymorphism: A preliminary case control study of Indian population.

Background: Degenerated disc disease (DDD) is a common disorder responsible for increased morbidity in a productive age group. Its etiology is multifactorial and genetic factors have been predominantly implicated. Disc prolapse results due to tear in the annulus, which is a fibrous structure composed largely of type I collagen.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and the Association of Candidate Genes in Asian Indian Population from Hyderabad, India.

Introduction: Genetic and environmental factors play an important role in susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Several genes have been implicated in the development of T2DM. Genetic variants of candidate genes are, therefore, prime targets for molecular analysis.

Nuclease activity and interaction studies of unsymmetrical binuclear Ni(II) complexes with CT-DNA and BSA.

New unsymmetrical binuclear nickel(II) complexes [Ni2L(1-5)] (ClO4)2 (1-5) were synthesized by using [NiL] [(3-((9E)-(2-((E)-(3-formyl-2-olato-5-methylbenzylideneamino)methyl) phenylimino)methyl)-3-formyl-5-methyl-2-olato)nickel(II)] with various diamines like 1,2-diaminoethane (L(1)), 1,3-diaminopropane (L(2)), 1,4-diaminobutane (L(3)), 1,2-diaminobenzene (L(4)) and 1,8-diaminonaphthalene (L(5)) and characterized by elemental analysis and spectroscopic methods. The molecular structure of binuclear nickel(II) complex 1 is determined by a single crystal X-ray diffraction method. Cyclic voltammograms of binuclear Ni(II) complexes exhibit two quasi-reversible reduction waves in the cathodic region and two oxidation waves in the anodic region.