The association between dietary intake of branched-chain amino acids and the odds of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease among overweight and obese children and adolescents.

Objectives: Dietary supplementation with branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), including leucine, isoleucine, and valine, has shown potential benefits for the metabolic profile. However, emerging population-based studies suggest that BCAAs may mediate pathways related to cardiometabolic risk factors, possibly due to their involvement in the dysregulation of insulin metabolic pathways. This study aimed to investigate the association between BCAAs intake and the odds of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in children and adolescents with overweight and obesity.

Comparative analysis of adolescent hypertension definitions for predicting early adulthood carotid artery intima-media thickness: Tehran lipid and glucose study.

Background: Definitions of childhood and adolescent hypertension (HTN) do not precisely elucidate the relationship between HTN and cardiovascular outcomes. Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), as a substitute for cardiovascular outcomes, enables the early identification of cardiovascular events throughout early adulthood.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the ability of childhood HTN definitions to predict a high CIMT in early adulthood.

Microvascular Changes Are Associated with Proteinuria and EMG Changes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Using Video Capillaroscopy.

Video capillaroscopy is a diagnostic method for evaluating microvascular changes in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study evaluated microvascular changes, including microvascular architecture, capillary distribution (morphology and density), and angiogenesis conditions in T2DM patients via video capillaroscopy. A total of 256 patients with T2DM enrolled in this study.

Cumulative burden and trajectories of body mass index and blood pressure from childhood and carotid intima-media thickness in young adulthood.

There are significant gaps in understanding of the association between levels and rate of change of body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure (BP) at different ages during childhood and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in adulthood. We investigated the association between trajectories of BMI and BP from childhood to adulthood and adult CIMT among Iranian participants in the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) cohort. A total of 1334 participants (692 men), from the TLGS cohort (1999-2018) with repeated measurements of BMI and BP (2-6 times) from childhood (3-18 years) to young adulthood (20-40 years) were selected.

Diagnostic performance of different anthropometric indices among Iranian adolescents for intima media thickness in early adulthood: A prospective study and literature review.

Background: There is debate regarding which anthropometric indices is the most appropriate predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among adolescents. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) in adolescents with high carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in early adulthood, as the surrogate marker of CVD in a cohort study.

Methods: A total of 875 Iranian adolescents (female = 421) aged 10-17 years old were entered the study.

Association of ideal cardiovascular health with carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in a young adult population.

Ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) is associated with a lower risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. This study aims to investigate the association of CVH metrics with carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) as a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis in young adults. A cross-sectional study was performed on 1295 adults, average age of 29.

Association of childhood metabolic syndrome and metabolic phenotypes with the carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in early adulthood: Tehran lipid and glucose study.

Background: The clinical significance of metabolic syndrome (MetS) during adolescence and its association with adulthood adverse outcomes is a controversial issue. This study aimed to investigate the association of MetS and metabolic phenotypes with a high carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in early adulthood.

Methods: MetS was defined as proposed by Cook, de Ferranti, the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP), and the pediatric International Diabetes Federation (IDF).

Association of childhood obesity phenotypes with early adulthood Carotid Intima-Media Thickness (CIMT): Tehran lipid and glucose study.

Background And Aims: Over the past few years, obesity and metabolic syndrome prevalence among children and adolescence have an increasing trend. This study aims to investigate the association of obesity phenotypes during childhood and adolescence with early adulthood carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT).

Methods And Results: Participants were divided into four obesity phenotypes: Metabolically healthy normal weight (MHNW), metabolically unhealthy normal weight (MUNW), metabolically healthy obese (MHO), and metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO).

Comparison analysis of childhood body mass index cut-offs in predicting adulthood carotid intima media thickness: Tehran lipid and glucose study.

Background: The prevalence of obesity among children and adolescences have been increased, which can consequently increase the prevalence of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases later in life. The objective of this study is to compare the ability of different childhood body mass index cut-offs in prediction of carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) as an indicator of subclinical atherosclerosis.

Methods: Participants were categorized into normal weight, overweight and obesity group, based on world health organization (WHO), center for disease control and prevention (CDC), international obesity task force (IOTF) and local IOTF cut-offs.

A Multicenter Survey on the Trend of Chest CT Scan Utilization: Tracing the First Footsteps of COVID-19 in Iran.

Background: Chest computed tomography (CT) scan has been used widely to diagnose COVID-19 in Iran.

Objectives: To trace the footsteps of COVID-19 in Iran by exploring the trend in using chest CT scans and its economic impact on radiology departments. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the number of imaging examinations from 33 tertiary radiology departments in 9 large cities of Iran was collected from September 23, 2019 to March 20, 2020 (Months 1 to 6) and the corresponding months in 2018-2019.

Correlation Between Low-Dose Chest Computed Tomography and RT-PCR Results for the Diagnosis of COVID-19: A Report of 27,824 Cases in Tehran, Iran.

Rationale And Objectives: Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) remains the gold standard for confirmation of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) despite having many disadvantages. Here, we investigated the diagnostic performance of chest computed tomography (CT) as an alternative to RT-PCR in patients with clinical suspicion of COVID-19 infection.

Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 27,824 patients with clinical suspicion of COVID-19 infection who underwent unenhanced low-dose chest CT from 20 February, 2020 to 21 May, 2020 were evaluated.

Dietary Inflammatory Index in Relation to Carotid Intima Media Thickness among Overweight or Obese Children and Adolescents.

Background: Low-grade systematic inflammation triggers atrial wall thickening, which predisposes to several cardiovascular events. Since diet is a strong moderator of systematic inflammation, the literature review-based dietary inflammatory index (DII®) score has been recently introduced for evaluating inflammatory properties of an individual's diet. The aim of the present study was to assess the association of DII, with carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) among overweight or obese children and adolescents.

The Correlation between Trabecular Bone Score and Lumbar Spine Bone Mineral Density in Patients with Normal and High Body Mass Index.

Background: Trabecular bone score (TBS) measures the underlying quality of bone texture using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) images. The present study aimed to investigate the correlation between lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) and TBS, and subsequently determine whether the association varies with the body mass index (BMI).

Methods: Data from 548 patients were collected and categorized into three groups according to the relationship between BMD and age.

Association of dietary pattern with carotid intima media thickness among children with overweight or obesity.

Background: Since there is no evidence demonstrating the relationship between dietary patterns and subclinical atherosclerosis in children and adolescents, we aimed to examine the association between dietary patterns and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in children and adolescents with overweight and obesity.

Methods: Data were collected on individuals, aged 6-13 years (n = 339) recruited from primary schools with age- and sex-specific body mass index (BMI) Z-score > 1, based on WHO criteria. Dietary intake was assessed using a valid and reliable food frequency questionnaire and dietary patterns were derived by factor analysis.

Effects of dry needling on tendon-pulley architecture, pain and hand function in patients with trigger finger: a randomized controlled trial study.

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of dry needling on tendon-pulley architecture, pain and hand function in patients with trigger finger. [Participants and Methods] A randomized controlled trial was conducted. Fifty eight patients having trigger finger were randomly assigned as either an experimental group that received a single session of dry needling over pulleyA1 and flexor tendon or a control group that received no intervention.

Association of nuts and unhealthy snacks with subclinical atherosclerosis among children and adolescents with overweight and obesity.

Background: The process of atherosclerosis begins early in childhood and usually remains asymptomatic until later in life. Carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) as a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis could identify early vascular alterations. Unhealthy snacks consumption is associated with obesity and other CVD risk factors in children and adolescents.

Association of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone with carotid intima media thickness in children and adolescents with excess weight.

Evidence on the association of vitamin D and parathyroid hormone (PTH) with cardiovascular risk factors in the young is limited. We therefore assessed the relationships of circulating vitamin D and PTH concentrations and subclinical atherosclerosis in overweight or obese children and adolescents. This was a cross-sectional study, investigated the association of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), intact PTH (iPTH), and iPTH/25(OH)D ratio with carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in 368 Iranian children and adolescents with a body mass index (BMI) ≥1 z-score based on WHO criteria.

Insulin metabolism markers are predictors of subclinical atherosclerosis among overweight and obese children and adolescents.

Background: To investigate the association between markers of insulin metabolism and carotid intima-media thickness(cIMT) among overweight and obese children and adolescents.

Methods: A total of 378 children and adolescents aged from 6 to 13 years, with WHO body mass index Z-Scores ≥2 were enrolled in this study. We measured fasting serum insulin and glucose, conducted a homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR), and calculated the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index(QUICKI).

Association of CD26/dipeptidyl peptidase IV mRNA level in peripheral blood mononuclear cells with disease activity and bone erosion in rheumatoid arthritis.

Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV, CD26) plays many roles in the pathogenesis of several autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. The current study evaluated the association of DPP-IV enzymatic activity and its gene expression with disease activity and bone erosion in rheumatoid arthritis. Blood samples were collected from 20 rheumatoid arthritis patients and 40 healthy volunteers.

Nailfold capillaroscopy in 430 patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Background: Microvascular changes are one of the first obvious steps in numerous inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Nailfold video capillaroscopy (NFC) is an easy, reliable and safe method for evaluating peripheral microangiopathy. The objective of this study was to examine nailfold microcirculation in RA patients, assess morphological and structural changes quantitatively and qualitatively, and recognize useful changes.

Correlating Whole-Body Bone Mineral Densitometry Measurements to Those From Local Anatomical Sites.

Background: Using the same cutoff points for whole-body measurements as for site-specific measurements will result in underestimation of osteoporosis.

Objectives: We assessed the correlation between densitometry measurements for the whole body with those for the femur, lumbar spine, and forearm to evaluate the possibility of replacing site-specific values with whole-body measurements.

Patients And Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated all patients referred to a single rheumatology clinic for bone mineral density measurements from 2009 to 2010.

Prevalence of atherosclerosis in patients with inactive rheumatoid arthritis.

Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) exhibit higher cardiovascular morbidity and mortality than the general population. The common carotid artery intima-media thickness (CCA-IMT) measured by ultrasound is a validated surrogate marker of atherosclerosis. We studied the prevalence of subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with inactive RA.

Effect of unintentional partial Achilles tenotomy on Ponseti clubfoot management outcomes.

The congenital talipes equinovarus (clubfoot) is one of the most common congenital conditions requiring orthopedic intervention. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of unintentional partial Achilles tendon cut during percutaneous tenotomy on the success rate of Ponseti management. Percentage of Achilles tendon cut following percutaneous tenotomy was measured by ultrasound in 16 clubfeet (11 patients).

Pseudoaneurysm of the superficial temporal artery following penetrating trauma.

Pseudoaneurysm of superficial temporal artery (STA) is an uncommon complication of blunt and penetrating trauma. It accounts for only 1% of all traumatic aneurysms. Most pseudoaneurysms of STA present as a painless pulsating mass, and its diagnosis can be made with physical examination and ultrasound or computed tomography angiogram.