Critically ill adult patients with acute leukemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: To describe the use of life-sustaining therapies and mortality in patients with acute leukemia admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU).

Methods: The PubMed database was searched from January 1st, 2000 to July 1st, 2023. All studies including adult critically ill patients with acute leukemia were included.

The effect of conflict on damage to medical facilities in Mariupol, Ukraine: A quasi-experimental study.

Medical facilities are civilian objects specially protected by international humanitarian law. Despite the need for systematic documentation of the effects of war on medical facilities for judiciary accountability, current methods for surveilling damage to protected civilian objects during ongoing armed conflict are insufficient. Satellite imagery damage assessment confers significant possibilities for investigating patterns of war.

A systematic review of pre-registration in autism research journals.

When researchers write down their plans for a study ahead of time and make this public, this is called pre-registration. Pre-registration allows others to see if the researchers stuck to their original plan or changed as they went along. Pre-registration is growing in popularity but we do not know how widely it is used in autism research.

Ubiquitin-mediated recruitment of the ATG9A-ATG2 lipid transfer complex drives clearance of phosphorylated p62 aggregates.

Autophagy is an essential cellular recycling process that maintains protein and organelle homeostasis. ATG9A vesicle recruitment is a critical early step in autophagy to initiate autophagosome biogenesis. The mechanisms of ATG9A vesicle recruitment are best understood in the context of starvation-induced non-selective autophagy, whereas less is known about the signals driving ATG9A vesicle recruitment to autophagy initiation sites in the absence of nutrient stress.

Selective Ni-Catalyzed Cross-Electrophile Coupling of Heteroaryl Chlorides and Aryl Bromides at 1:1 Substrate Ratio.

Nickel-catalyzed cross-electrophile coupling (XEC) reactions of (hetero)aryl electrophiles represent appealing alternatives to palladium-catalyzed methods for biaryl synthesis, but they often generate significant quantities of homocoupling and/or proto-dehalogenation side products. In this study, an informer library of heteroaryl chloride and aryl bromide coupling partners is used to identify Ni-catalyzed XEC conditions that access high selectivity for the cross-product when using equimolar quantities of the two substrates. Two different catalyst systems are identified that show complementary scope and broad functional-group tolerance, and time-course data suggest that the two methods follow different mechanisms.

Potassium Nitrate in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Nitric oxide deficiency may contribute to exercise intolerance in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Prior pilot studies have shown improvements in exercise tolerance with single-dose and short-term inorganic nitrate administration.

Objective: To assess the impact of chronic inorganic nitrate administration on exercise tolerance in a larger trial of participants with HFpEF.

eEtherification: An Electrochemical Strategy toward the Synthesis of Sterically Hindered Dialkyl Ethers from Activated Alcohols.

Traditional etherification methods, although staples in synthetic chemistry, often fall short in the efficient construction of sterically hindered dialkyl ethers, especially under mild and practical conditions. Recent advances have attempted to address these limitations, typically relying on transition metal catalysts, external reductants, or harsh reaction conditions. In this work, we disclose a novel electrochemical approach that enables the synthesis of sterically hindered ethers from economically relevant and readily accessible alcohols without the need for sacrificial oxidants.

Disruptions to HIV Prevention During Armed Conflict in Ukraine and Other Settings.

Purpose Of Review: This review evaluates recent literature to understand the ways in which war disrupts HIV prevention and creates conditions for HIV outbreaks, with a focus on Ukraine. We also examine potential responses that can be deployed to sustain HIV prevention services amid ongoing conflict.

Recent Findings: Recent studies and frameworks suggest that disruptions caused during war are comparable to other emergencies, like natural disasters.

In vivo intracellular Ca profiles after eccentric rat muscle contractions: addressing the mechanistic bases for repeated bout protection.

Eccentric contractions (ECC) are accompanied by the accumulation of intracellular calcium ions ([Ca]) and induce skeletal muscle damage. Suppressed muscle damage in repeated bouts of ECC is well characterized; however, whether it is mediated by altered Ca profiles remains unknown. We tested the hypothesis that repeated ECC suppresses Ca accumulation via adaptations in Ca regulation.

Enantioselective [2π + 2σ] Photocycloaddition Enabled by Brønsted Acid Catalyzed Chromophore Activation.

Bicyclo[2.1.1]hexanes have emerged as valuable scaffolds for the design of new pharmaceutical and agrochemical active ingredients.

Highly neurogenic glia from human and mouse myenteric ganglia generate functional neurons following culture and transplantation into the gut.

Enteric neural stem cell (ENSC) therapy offers great promise for neurointestinal diseases; however, current isolation methods yield insufficient neurons for regenerative applications. Multiomic profiling of enteric glial cells (EGCs) suggests that subpopulations within myenteric ganglia (MyGa) are a reservoir of highly neurogenic ENSCs. Here, we describe protocols to enrich for intraganglionic EGCs by isolating intact fragments of MyGa, generating cultures with higher neuronal purity than traditional methodologies isolating intramuscular single cells (IM-SCs).

Oxidative Rearomatization of Tetrahydroisoquinolines Promoted by Pyridine--oxide.

Isoquinolines are ubiquitous arenes found in many biologically useful molecules. While direct substitution at the heterocyclic ring is uncommon, reductive functionalization to form tetrahydroisoquinolines (THIQs) is straightforward. Herein, we describe a facile method for producing C4-functionalized isoquinolines from a readily available parent THIQ.

Exploring the impacts of fescue toxicosis on the pulmonary arterial pressure of angus cows.

Vasoconstriction of peripheral blood vessels is one of the hallmark symptoms of fescue toxicosis in cattle. Thus, it was hypothesized that exposure to ergot alkaloids would increase the pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP). The objectives of this study were to examine the relationship between PAP and different physiological parameters of cows grazing either endophyte-infected (EI) or novel-endophyte (EN) fescue, then evaluate changes in PAP and other physiological measurements in cows exposed to EI pastures and deemed as susceptible or tolerant based on animal performance.

Intracellular Ca 2+ After Eccentric Muscle Contractions: Key Role for Ryanodine Receptors.

Eccentric contractions (ECC) induce excessive intracellular calcium ion (Ca 2+ ) accumulation and muscle structural damage in localized regions of the muscle fibers. In this investigation, we present the novel hypothesis that the ryanodine receptor (RyR) plays a central role in evoking a Ca 2+ dynamics profile that is markedly distinguishable from other muscle adaptive responses.

Gut Analysis Toolbox - automating quantitative analysis of enteric neurons.

The enteric nervous system (ENS) consists of an extensive network of neurons and glial cells embedded within the wall of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Alterations in neuronal distribution and function are strongly associated with GI dysfunction. Current methods for assessing neuronal distribution suffer from undersampling, partly due to challenges associated with imaging and analyzing large tissue areas, and operator bias due to manual analysis.

Critical Power and Maximal Lactate Steady State in Cycling: "Watts" the Difference?

From a physiological perspective, the delineation between steady-state and non-steady-state exercise, also referred to as the maximal metabolic steady state, holds paramount importance for evaluating athletic performance and designing and monitoring training programs. The critical power and the maximal lactate steady state are two widely used indices to estimate this threshold, yet previous studies consistently reported significant discrepancies between their associated power outputs. These findings have fueled the debate regarding the interchangeability of critical power and the maximal lactate steady state in practice.

Accurate and efficient open-source implementation of domain-based local pair natural orbital (DLPNO) coupled-cluster theory using a t1-transformed Hamiltonian.

We present an efficient, open-source formulation for coupled-cluster theory through perturbative triples with domain-based local pair natural orbitals [DLPNO-CCSD(T)]. Similar to the implementation of the DLPNO-CCSD(T) method found in the ORCA package, the most expensive integral generation and contraction steps associated with the CCSD(T) method are linear-scaling. In this work, we show that the t1-transformed Hamiltonian allows for a less complex algorithm when evaluating the local CCSD(T) energy without compromising efficiency or accuracy.

Effect of diabetes on microvascular morphology and permeability of rat skeletal muscle: in vivo imaging using two-photon laser scanning microscopy.

This investigation evaluated the microvascular permeability and ultrastructure of skeletal muscle capillaries in the skeletal muscle of diabetic (DIA) rats using two-photon laser scanning microscopy (TPLSM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Microvascular permeability was assessed in the tibialis anterior muscle of control (CON) and DIA (streptozocin) male Wistar rats ( = 20, 10-14 wk) by in vivo imaging using TPLSM after fluorescent dye intravenous infusion. Fluorescent dye leakage was quantified to determine microvascular permeability.

A modular, composite framework for the utilization of reduced-scaling Coulomb and exchange construction algorithms: Design and implementation.

Multiple algorithms exist for calculating Coulomb (J) or exchange (K) contributions to Fock-like matrices, and it is beneficial to develop a framework that allows the seamless integration and combination of different J and K construction algorithms. In Psi4, we have implemented the "CompositeJK" formalism for this purpose. CompositeJK allows for the combination of any J and K construction algorithms for any quantum chemistry method formulated in terms of J-like or K-like matrices (including, but not limited to, Hartree-Fock and density functional theory) in a highly modular and intuitive fashion, which is simple to utilize for both developers and users.

Eccentric contraction increases hydrogen peroxide levels and alters gene expression through Nox2 in skeletal muscle of male mice.

Hydrogen peroxide (HO) is one of the key signaling factors regulating skeletal muscle adaptation to muscle contractions. Eccentric (ECC) and concentric (CONC) contractions drive different muscle adaptations with ECC resulting in greater changes. The present investigation tested the hypothesis that ECC produces higher cytosolic and mitochondrial HO concentrations [HO] and alters gene expression more than CONC.