The effect of antiretroviral therapy initiation on vitamin D levels and four oral diseases among Kenyan children and adolescents living with HIV.

Objectives: The impact of antiretroviral treatment (ART) on the occurrence of oral diseases among children and adolescents living with HIV (CALHIV) is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of ART timing on vitamin D levels and the prevalence of four oral diseases (dry mouth, dental caries, enamel hypoplasia, and non-herpes oral ulcer) among Kenyan CALHIV from two pediatric HIV cohorts.

Methods: This nested cross-sectional study was conducted at the Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya.

Survival of Zirconia Crowns in Primary Maxillary Incisors at 12-, 24- and 36-Month Follow-Up.

The purpose of this study was to assess the survival probability of zirconia crowns (ZCs) on primary maxillary incisors placed in children diagnosed with severe early childhood caries at 12-, 24-, and 36-month follow-up visits in a university pediatric dental clinic. Ninety-four teeth in 30 healthy 24- to 60-month-olds who received ZCs under general anesthesia participated in this study ( equals 94). Data included children's demographics, dental-related variables, appointment dates, survival of crown, and type of failure (defined as replacement of lost ZCs or extraction of the treated tooth due to evidence of apical periodontitis prior to natural exfoliation).