Injectable Hydrogels for Liver: Potential for Clinical Translation.

Injectable hydrogels are a sub-type of hydrogels which can be delivered into the host in a minimally invasive manner. They can act as carriers to encapsulate and deliver cells, drugs or active biomolecules across several disease conditions. Polymers, either synthetic or natural, or even a combination of the two, can be used to create injectable hydrogels.

Integrating and approaches to identify plant-derived bioactive molecules against spore coat protein CotH3 and high affinity iron permease FTR1 of .

is one of the major causative agents of mucormycosis. The disease has a poor prognosis with a high mortality rate, and resistance towards current antifungal drugs poses additional concern. The disease treatment is complicated with antifungals; therefore, surgical approach is preferred in many cases.

Precision nutrition-based strategy for management of human diseases and healthy aging: current progress and challenges forward.

Currently, the treatment of various human ailments is based on different therapeutic approaches including traditional and modern medicine systems. Precision nutrition has come into existence as an emerging approach considering the diverse aspects such as age, sex, genetic and epigenetic makeup, apart from the pathophysiological conditions. The continuously and gradually evolving disciplines of genomics about nutrition have elucidated the importance of genetic variations, epigenetic information, and expression of myriads of genes in disease progression apart from the involvement in modulating therapeutic responses.

Biomarker Identification for Preterm Birth Susceptibility: Vaginal Microbiome Meta-Analysis Using Systems Biology and Machine Learning Approaches.

Problem: The vaginal microbiome has a substantial role in the occurrence of preterm birth (PTB), which contributes substantially to neonatal mortality worldwide. However, current bioinformatics approaches mostly concentrate on the taxonomic classification and functional profiling of the microbiome, limiting their abilities to elucidate the complex factors that contribute to PTB.

Method Of Study: A total of 3757 vaginal microbiome 16S rRNA samples were obtained from five publicly available datasets.

cyp51A mutations, protein modeling, and efflux pump gene expression reveals multifactorial complexity towards understanding Aspergillus section Nigri azole resistance mechanism.

Black Aspergillus species are the most common etiological agents of otomycosis, and pulmonary aspergillosis. However, limited data is available on their antifungal susceptibility profiles and associated resistance mechanisms. Here, we determined the azole susceptibility profiles of black Aspergillus species isolated from the Indian environment and explored the potential resistance mechanisms through cyp51A gene sequencing, protein homology modeling, and expression analysis of selected genes cyp51A, cyp51B, mdr1, and mfs based on their role in imparting resistance against antifungal drugs.

Correction: Design and synthesis of eugenol/isoeugenol glycoconjugates and other analogues as antifungal agents against .

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/D2MD00138A.].

Unveiling the Cell Wall-Targeting Mechanisms and Multifaceted Virulence Modulation by a Eugenol Glycoconjugate against Aspergillus fumigatus: Insights from in vitro and in ovo Studies.

Aim: The primary objective of this study was to elucidate the putative cell wall-associated targets of compound 6i, a glycoconjugate of eugenol, in Aspergillus fumigatus, while also evaluating its toxicity and assessing histopathologic alterations in the liver, heart, and kidney of compound 6i-treated embryos using an in ovo model.

Method: To achieve this aim, compound 6i was synthesized, and a series of biochemical assays were performed to determine its impact on the fungal cell wall. Additionally, qRT-PCR and LC-MS/MS analyses were conducted to investigate changes in gene and protein expression profiles associated with melanin biosynthesis, conidiation, siderophore production, transcriptional regulation of β-glucan biosynthesis, and calcineurin activity in A.

Liver Extracellular Matrix-Based Nanofiber Scaffolds for the Culture of Primary Hepatocytes and Drug Screening.

Immortalized liver cell lines and primary hepatocytes are currently used as in vitro models for hepatotoxic drug screening. However, a decline in the viability and functionality of hepatocytes with time is an important limitation of these culture models. Advancements in tissue engineering techniques have allowed us to overcome this challenge by designing suitable scaffolds for maintaining viable and functional primary hepatocytes for a longer period of time in culture.

Systems-wide analysis of using kinetic modeling of metabolic pathways to identify putative drug targets.

Aspergillosis is a major causative factor for morbidity in those with impaired immune systems, often caused by . The diagnosis and treatment are difficult due to the diversity of individuals and risk factors and still pose a challenge for medical professionals. To understand the pathogenicity of any organism, it is critical to identify the significant metabolic pathways that are involved.

Design and Synthesis of 1,3-Diynes as Potent Antifungal Agents against Aspergillus fumigatus.

Eugenol and isoeugenol, secondary metabolites isolated from the plant Myristica fragrans have displayed antifungal activities against Aspergillus fumigatus (IC 1900 μM). Compounds having conjugated unsaturation have been of great use as antifungals i. e.

4-Allyl-2-methoxyphenol modulates the expression of genes involved in efflux pump, biofilm formation and sterol biosynthesis in azole resistant .

Introduction: Antifungal therapy for aspergillosis is becoming problematic because of the toxicity of currently available drugs, biofilm formation on host surface, and increasing prevalence of azole resistance in . Plants are rich source of bioactive molecules and antimicrobial activity of aromatic bioactive compounds draws attention because of its promising biological properties. The present study elucidated the antibiofilm activity of 4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol (eugenol) against azole-resistant environmental isolates.

Gene expression, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics studies to identify potential antifungal compounds targeting virulence proteins/genes VelB and THR as possible drug targets against .

is a melanized fungus pathogenic to both plants and animals including humans, causing from mild, febrile to life-threatening illness if not well treated. In humans, it is an etiological agent of keratomycosis, sinusitis, and onychomycosis in immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients. The development of multiple-drug-resistant strains poses a critical treatment issue as well as public health problem.

Understanding the environmental drivers of clinical azole resistance in species.

Aspergilli are ubiquitous fungal pathogens associated with severe life-threatening infections, especially in immunocompromised patients. Azoles are the first line of defence in the fight against most -related infections. However, resistance to these therapeutic compounds has developed, which is mainly due to the existence of mutations in lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase (Cyp51A), a crucial enzyme in the pathway that produces ergosterol and is the target of azole antifungals.

Design and synthesis of eugenol/isoeugenol glycoconjugates and other analogues as antifungal agents against .

Glycoconjugates are biologically significant molecules as they tend to serve a wide range of intra- and extra-cellular processes depending on their size and complexity. The secondary metabolites of the plant , eugenol and isoeugenol, have shown antifungal activities (IC 1900 μM). Therefore, we envisioned that glycoconjugates based on these two scaffolds could prove to be potent antifungal agents.

Isoeugenol affects expression pattern of conidial hydrophobin gene RodA and transcriptional regulators MedA and SomA responsible for adherence and biofilm formation in Aspergillus fumigatus.

Aspergillus fumigatus is one of the major pathogenic fungal species, causing life-threatening infections. Due to a limited spectrum of available antifungals, exploration of new drug targets as well as potential antifungal molecules has become pertinent. Rodlet layer plays an important role in adherence of fungal conidia to hydrophobic cell surfaces in host, which also leads to A.

Molecular virulence determinants of : disease pathogenesis and recent interventions for disease management in rice plant.

, causative agent of the rice blast disease, is a major concern for the loss in yield of rice crop across the globe. It is known for its characteristic melanised dome-shaped appressorium containing a dense melanin layer. The melanised layer is of considerable importance as it is required to generate turgor pressure for initiating peg formation, consequently rupturing the plant cuticle.

SEM and qRT-PCR revealed quercetin inhibits morphogenesis of conidia via modulating calcineurin-Crz1 signalling pathway.

Aspergillus Flavus: exploits diverse mechanisms to survive during exposure to antifungal agents including morphogenesis. Germination of dormant conidia involves cascades of reactions integrated into the signalling pathway. This study documents the effect of phytochemical-quercetin on during germination of conidia using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

-9-Hexadecenal, a Natural Compound Targeting Cell Wall Organization, Critical Growth Factor, and Virulence of .

causes several nosocomial pulmonary infections and accounts for high morbidity and mortality rate globally. Among various virulence factors, 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene-melanin plays an important role in the survival during unfavorable conditions both and , masks various molecular patterns associated with and protects it from the host immune system. In the present study, we aim to understand the potential of -9-hexadecenal as an antimelanogenic compound and its role in modulating other associated virulence factors in .

Anti-melanogenic activity of Myristica fragrans extract against Aspergillus fumigatus using phenotypic based screening.

Background: Aspergillus fumigatus, an opportunistic fungal pathogen is associated with a wide array of diseases. It produces 1, 8-dihydroxy naphthalene (DHN) melanin that imparts greenish grey color to conidia and is an important virulence factor. It masks various molecular patterns associated with A.

Molecular Insights Into Development and Virulence Determinants of : A Proteomic Perspective.

species are the major cause of health concern worldwide in immunocompromised individuals. Opportunistic cause invasive to allergic aspergillosis, whereas non-infectious have contributed to understand the biology of eukaryotic organisms and serve as a model organism. Morphotypes of such as conidia or mycelia/hyphae helped them to survive in favorable or unfavorable environmental conditions.