Research Note: Characterization and phylodynamic analysis of new infectious bursal disease virus variants circulating in Argentina.

Infectious Bursal Disease is a highly contagious disease that affects young chickens and leads to significant economic losses. Its causal agent is a double-stranded RNA virus that, due to its high error rate during the replication process, gives rise to a constant generation of new virus variants. Until 2014, strains of Infectious Bursal Diseases Virus (IBDV) belonging to genogroup 4 predominated in Argentina, but there have been no reports since then regarding the circulating genogroups in poultry.

Paediatricians' awareness of Canadian screen time guidelines, perception of screen time use, and counselling during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objectives: Paediatricians are essential in guiding families on screen time use as digital media becomes increasingly prevalent. While this has been highlighted through the COVID-19 pandemic there is no literature on paediatricians' awareness of Canadian screen time guidelines, or perception of these guidelines during this time. The aim of this study was to assess pediatricians' knowledge, attitudes, and comfort with the Canadian Paediatric Society's (CPS) screen time guidelines, specifically during the COVID-19 pandemic.

β-Cyclodextrin functionalized agarose-based hydrogels for multiple controlled drug delivery of ibuprofen.

Agarose hydrogels are three-dimensional hydrophilic polymeric frameworks characterised by high water content, viscoelastic properties, and excellent ability as cell and drug delivery systems. However, their hydrophilicity as gel systems makes loading of hydrophobic drugs difficult and often ineffective. The incorporation of amphiphilic molecules (e.

Screen time and preschool children: Promoting health and development in a digital world.

COVID-19 transformed the family media environment and spurred research on the effects of screen media exposure and use on young children. This update of a 2017 CPS statement re-examines the potential benefits and risks of screen media in children younger than 5 years, with focus on developmental, psychosocial, and physical health. Four evidence-based principles-minimizing, mitigating, mindfully using, and modelling healthy use of screens-continue to guide children's early experience with a rapidly changing media landscape.

Marine beach litter monitoring strategies along Mediterranean coasts. A methodological review.

Marine beach litter (MBL) represents a serious issue for marine life, coastal ecosystems, human health and several economical activities. The Mediterranean Sea is a semi enclosed basin particularly vulnerable to this problem. Its coasts are threatened by critical anthropogenic pressures that sum up with intensive fishing and shipping, and the slow turnover of its waters.

Caregiver and Clinician Experience With Virtual Services for Children and Youth With Complex Needs During COVID-19.

Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic, support services for children and youth quickly shifted to virtual means. To continue delivering essential, trauma-informed, specialized services, the center transitioned to providing most services by phone/video conference.

Method: A quality improvement project using survey methods was conducted to determine if virtual delivery was timely and satisfactory for inpatient and outpatient care.

Mapping features and patterns of accelerometry data on human movement in different age groups and associated health problems: A cross-sectional study.

Purpose: Human movement is considered one of the important factors for maintaining an independent life. Individuals in different age groups have different characteristics of locomotion patterns and some health conditions can affect or be affected by mobility changes. Few studies clarify or present data about the influence of different ages and biopsychosocial factors on accelerometry features.

International school-related sedentary behaviour recommendations for children and youth.

Background: Existing sedentary behaviour guidelines for children and youth target overall sedentary behaviour and recreational screen time, without any specific recommendations regarding school-related sedentary behaviours (i.e., sedentary behaviours performed during the school day, or within the influence of school).

Scientific knowledge on marine beach litter: A bibliometric analysis.

Litter reduction in the coastal and marine environment represents a major challenge but must be prioritized to preserve biodiversity and ecosystems, as well as the goods and services that humans derive from seas and oceans. This paper reviews the available global scientific literature focusing on marine beach litter and tracks its evolution and trends by combining social network analysis and bibliometrics. The relationships and co-occurrences among authors, countries and keywords retrieved from the Scopus abstract and citation database are presented.

Draft Genome Sequences of Four Different Strains Belonging to Leptospira interrogans Serovar Pomona Isolated from Mammals in the Island of Sardinia, Italy.

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease of global importance caused by a pathogenic group of bacteria belonging to the genus . Here, we report four draft genome sequences of Leptospira interrogans serovar Pomona isolated in Sardinia (Italy) from four different species of mammals (i.e.

New Insights on Infections in a Canine Population from North Sardinia, Italy: A Sero-Epidemiological Study.

Leptospirosis is a widespread zoonosis recognized as a re-emerging infectious disease in a wide variety of animal species, including humans and dogs. No data exist regarding the presence of species in the canine population of Sardinia Island. This study reports the first sero-survey for leptospirosis in kennel and owned dogs from six areas of the north of Sardinia.

Molecular Typing of Pathogenic Species Isolated from Wild Mammal Reservoirs in Sardinia.

Leptospirosis is a global zoonosis caused by pathogenic species of that infect a large spectrum of domestic and wild animals. This study is the first molecular identification, characterization, and phylogeny of strains with veterinary and zoonotic impact in Sardinian wild hosts. All samples collected were cultured and analyzed by multiplex real time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).

Diagnosis of Leukaemia in Blood Slides Based on a Fine-Tuned and Highly Generalisable Deep Learning Model.

Leukaemia is a dysfunction that affects the production of white blood cells in the bone marrow. Young cells are abnormally produced, replacing normal blood cells. Consequently, the person suffers problems in transporting oxygen and in fighting infections.

Presence of pathogenic Leptospira spp. in the reproductive system and fetuses of wild boars (Sus scrofa) in Italy.

Leptospirosis is a re-emerging and globally spread zoonosis caused by pathogenic genomospecies of Leptospira. Wild boar (Sus scrofa) are an important Leptospira host and are increasing in population all over Europe. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate Leptospira spp.

Foreseeing future falls with accelerometer features in active community-dwelling older persons with no recent history of falls.

Background: Acceleration sensors are a viable option for monitoring gait patterns and its application on monitoring falls and risk of falling. However the literature still lacks prospective studies to investigate such risk before the occurrence of falls.

Objective: To investigate features extracted from accelerometer signals with the purpose of predicting future falls in individuals with no recent history of falls.

Learning image features with fewer labels using a semi-supervised deep convolutional network.

Learning feature embeddings for pattern recognition is a relevant task for many applications. Deep learning methods such as convolutional neural networks can be employed for this assignment with different training strategies: leveraging pre-trained models as baselines; training from scratch with the target dataset; or fine-tuning from the pre-trained model. Although there are separate systems used for learning features from labelled and unlabelled data, there are few models combining all available information.

Test positivity for Maedi-Visna virus and Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis in Sarda ewes: Effects on milk composition and coagulation traits and heritability estimates for susceptibility.

Maedi-Visna virus (MVV) and Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP) are two pathogens that cause chronic, production-limiting diseases in dairy sheep. Although they are present worldwide, there are no detailed reports on their actual effects on milk traits in the literature.

Spatial and seasonal variability of human and fish viruses in mussels inside and offshore of Ravenna's harbour (Adriatic Sea, Italy).

Aims: This study aims to investigate the presence and spatial-seasonal variability of human and fish viruses in coastal marine systems using Ravenna's harbour area (Adriatic Sea, Italy) as a model.

Methods And Results: Human viruses (noroviruses and hepatitis A virus) and one of the most threatening finfish pathogens, the nervous necrosis virus (NNV), were investigated in mussels living inside and offshore Ravenna's harbour. Thirty-three and 36·7% of tested mussel samples resulted contaminated by human and fish viruses respectively.

Sediment metal enrichment and ecological risk assessment of ten ports and estuaries in the World Harbours Project.

Ten global harbours were assessed for sediment quality by quantifying the magnitude of anthropogenic change and ecological risk. Anthropogenic change (enrichment) was high for Derwent River and Sydney estuary, moderate for Santander Harbour, Rio de Janeiro and Dublin Port, slight for Hong Kong, minimal for Darwin. All 10 enrichment indices used showed similar results.

Isolation of from a Bottlenose Dolphin () in the Mediterranean Sea.

The pathogenic species are very widespread in nature, persisting in the renal tubules of many domestic and wild animal reservoirs. We report the isolation of serovar Pomona in a bottlenose dolphin () stranded along the coast of Sardinia, Italy, in 2016.

Effects of acute cannabidiol administration on anxiety and tremors induced by a Simulated Public Speaking Test in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Background: Cannabidiol (CBD) is one of the main components of and has anxiolytic properties, but no study has been conducted to evaluate the effects of CBD on anxiety signs and symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). This study aimed to evaluate the impacts of acute CBD administration at a dose of 300 mg on anxiety measures and tremors induced by a Simulated Public Speaking Test (SPST) in individuals with PD.

Methods: A randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover clinical trial was conducted.

Fall detection and fall risk assessment in older person using wearable sensors: A systematic review.

Background: wearable sensors are often used to acquire data for gait analysis as a strategy to study fall events, due to greater availability of acquisition platforms, and advances in computational intelligence. However, there are no review papers addressing the three most common types of applications related to fall using sensors, namely: fall detection, fallers classification and fall risk screening.

Objective: To identify the state of art of fall-related events detection in older person using wearable sensors, as well as the main characteristics of the studies in the literature, pointing gaps for future studies.

Annual rhythms of temporal niche partitioning in the Sparidae family are correlated to different environmental variables.

The seasonal timing of recurring biological processes is essential for organisms living in temperate regions. While ample knowledge of these processes exists for terrestrial environments, seasonal timing in the marine environment is relatively understudied. Here, we characterized the annual rhythm of habitat use in six fish species belonging to the Sparidae family, highlighting the main environmental variables that correlate to such rhythms.

Impact of the direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) on chronic hepatitis C in Sardinian patients with transfusion-dependent Thalassemia major.

Background And Aims: Direct antiviral agents (DAAs) have revolutionised the standard of care for the treatment of hepatitis even in patients with hemoglobinopathies. The aim of this study is to show how, thanks to DAAs, HCV infection has been substantially eradicated in one of the biggest Centres for the management of Thalassemia in Europe.

Methods: Thalassemia major patients regularly transfused and iron chelated in Cagliari (Italy) who were HCV-RNA positive were evaluated for the potential prescription of antiviral therapy.