"I feel like I am less than other people": Health-related vulnerabilities of male migrants travelling alone on their journey to Europe.

During 2015 and 2016, an unprecedented flow of approximately 800,000 migrants coming from Turkey towards Western Europe crossed the Balkans. Male migrants are perceived as being less vulnerable compared to other migrants and they are not given priority in service and support provision. This qualitative study examines the self-perceived vulnerabilities of male migrants travelling alone along the Balkan route to Europe.

A crisis of protection and safe passage: violence experienced by migrants/refugees travelling along the Western Balkan corridor to Northern Europe.

Background: Pushed by ongoing conflicts and pulled by the desire for a better life, over one million migrants/refugees transited Balkan countries and arrived in Europe during 2015 and early 2016. To curb this influx, European countries instituted restrictive migration policies often characterized by building of razor-wire border fences and border closures. Among migrants/refugees who received mental health care in Serbia while travelling through Balkan countries to Northern Europe, we assessed the prevalence and patterns of violent events experienced including physical trauma.

[Trans-ureteral pyelostomy: 5 cases].

The authors report 5 cases of extensive loss of substance of the distal ureter due to radiation fibrosis, operative trauma or tumour invasion; these lesions occurred during the course of a genital tumour in 4 cases and rectal prolapse in one case. The lesion was bilateral and radiation-induced in 2 cases and unilateral in 3 cases. The patients presented with renal colic in 2 cases, renal failure in 1 case and infection in 2 cases (pyelonephritis, septic shock).

[Peroperative biopsy of the sub-apical urethra during prostatectomy for cancer].

Introduction And Objectives: Between 35 to 45% of radical prostatectomies (RP) will show positive margins and approximately 50% of patients with positive margins will progress following RP. Peroperative diagnosis of positive margin possibly can improve the currability of RP. We report here the incidence and management of positive urethral margins diagnosed by frozen sections during radical prostatectomy.

Results of radical cystectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy for bladder cancer with pelvic node metastases.

Objectives: To study the results on survival of radical cystectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy in bladder cancer with pelvic node metastases in a retrospective study.

Patients And Methods: Of 248 patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder treated by cystectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy from 1970 to 1990, 40 (16%; 37 males, 3 females) had pelvic nodal metastases. Fifteen patients had one positive lymph node (stage pN1) and 25 patients had more than one positive node (stage pN2).

[Primary percutaneous approach in staghorn kidney calculus].

36 staghorn calculi were treated percutaneously under ultrasound guidance between 1983 and 1992. Each stone had a renal pelvic element and at least two caliceal branches. The area of each stone was measured on the plain abdominal x-ray (mean: 1,020 mm2) and the total length of the various caliceal branches was measured from the pelvic element (mean: 50.

[Extemporaneous histological control of margins in prostatectomy for cancer].

A histological study of the margins of radical prostatectomy specimens has been made intraoperatively by frozen section in a series of 66 patients. In 8 of them (12% of all) a positive margin was discovered 10 times at the urethral [3], vesical [2], deferential [1] level, at the level of the Santorini [1] and of the rectoprostatic wall [3]. Further resection was immediately performed until histologically normal tissue was reached in 6 of these patients, for whom positive margins were thus made negative; and the prostatectomy was performed.

[Total prostatectomy for stage D1 cancers].

Nineteen patients with stage D1 (TXN/MO) prostatic adenocarcinomas were treated with radical prostatectomy and adjuvant radiation therapy. The latter was aortoiliac for stage B tumors and aortoiliac plus pelvic for stage C tumors. No hormonal therapy was associated to this.

[Surveillance of renal function by scintigraphy with 99m Tc-DMSA after a trans-ileal cutaneous ureterostomy].

The renal function of sixty one adult patients was monitored by 99mTc-DMSA renal scan after cystectomy for a malignant tumour followed by ileal conduit urinary diversion. The postoperative follow-up period was 10 years. The stenosis rate of the uretero-ileal anastomosis was 12.

[Exact determination of the lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio in amniotic fluid. Suggestion of a reference methods (author's transl)].

Pulmonary maturity of the fetus can be evaluated by the lecithin/sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio in amniotic fluid. To existing methods of lipid extraction, precipitation with acetone and chromatography, we add a simple and accurate estimation of sphingomyelins (S) and precipitated lecithins (Lp) without acid digestion. The method is reproducible (C.

[Congenital segmental duplication of the lumbar ureter (author's transl)].

In a 23-year-old man attacks of nephritic colic led to the discovery of an obstruction on the left lumbar ureter. Segmental resection of the ureter was performed, removing 10 mm of malformed, obstructed ureter. This was an incomplete duplication, the two ureteral segments lying side-by-side, each with its own musculature, for a distance of 7mm.

[Left varicocoele and iliac venous stasis (author's transl)].

Idiopathic left varicocele is not always due to renospermatic reflux, as is shown by left renal phlebography. Furthermore, radiological exploration of the left iliac venous axis has shown the frequency of main iliac obstruction, compressed by the right iliac artery. The lumen of the iliac vein frequently bears traces of this compression (May and Thurner).