Neonatal high-dose riboflavin treatment channels energy expenditure towards sensorimotor and somatic development and reduces rodent growth and weight gain by modulating NRF-1 in the hypothalamus.

Metabolic adaptations early in life can drive energy expenditure towards brain and physical development, with less emphasis on body mass gain and somatic growth. Dietary or pharmacological manipulations can influence these processes, but to date, the effects provided by riboflavin have not been studied. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of neonatal treatment with different doses of riboflavin on sensorimotor and somatic development in rodents.

Effects of riboflavin in the treatment of brain damage caused by oxygen deprivation: an integrative systematic review.

Brain oxygen deprivation causes morphological damage involved in the formation of serious pathological conditions such as stroke and cerebral palsy. Therapeutic methods for post-hypoxia/anoxia injuries are limited and still have deficiencies in terms of safety and efficacy. Recently, clinical studies of stroke have reported the use of drugs containing riboflavin for post-injury clinical rehabilitation, however, the effects of vitamin B2 on exposure to cerebral oxygen deprivation are not completely elucidated.

Bioprospecting for Endophytes with Potential to Promote Plant Growth.

is a native plant found only in a permanent pond in Serra dos Carajás in the Amazon region. Plant-associated microbial communities are recognized to be responsible for biological processes essential for the health, growth, and even adaptation of plants to environmental stresses. In this sense, the aims of this work were to isolate, identify, and evaluate the properties of endophytic bacteria isolated from The bioprospecting of potentially growth-promoting endophytes required the following steps to be taken: isolation of endophytic colonies, molecular identification by 16S rDNA sequence analysis, and evaluation of the bacterial potential for nitrogen fixation, production of indole acetic acid and siderophores, as well as phosphate solubilization and mineralization.

Effectiveness of Polyphenols on Perinatal Brain Damage: A Systematic Review of Preclinical Studies.

Polyphenol supplementation during early life has been associated with a reduction of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in diseases caused by oxygen deprivation, including cerebral palsy, hydrocephaly, blindness, and deafness. Evidence has shown that perinatal polyphenols supplementation may alleviate brain injury in embryonic, fetal, neonatal, and offspring subjects, highlighting its role in modulating adaptative responses involving phenotypical plasticity. Therefore, it is reasonable to infer that the administration of polyphenols during the early life period may be considered a potential intervention to modulate the inflammatory and oxidative stress that cause impairments in locomotion, cognitive, and behavioral functions throughout life.

Role of Endoscopic Biopsies and Morphologic Features in Predicting Microsatellite Instability Status in Gastric Cancer: A Multicenter Comparative Study of Endoscopic Biopsies and Surgical Specimens.

Evaluation of mismatch repair (MMR) protein and microsatellite instability (MSI) status plays a pivotal role in the management of gastric cancer (GC) patients. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the accuracy of gastric endoscopic biopsies (EBs) in predicting MMR/MSI status and to uncover histopathologic features associated with MSI. A multicentric series of 140 GCs was collected retrospectively, in which EB and matched surgical specimens (SSs) were available.

Performance of Immunohistochemical and Molecular Methods in Detecting Microsatellite Instability in Gastric Cancer: A Multicenter Study.

Introduction: Microsatellite instability (MSI) is an important prognostic molecular biomarker for gastric cancer (GC). MSI status may be detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) for mismatch repair (MMR) proteins and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Idylla™ MSI assay has not been validated for GC but may prove to be a valid alternative.

EBV and MSI Status in Gastric Cancer: Does It Matter?

We investigated the impactof microsatellite instability (MSI) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) status in gastric cancer (GC), regarding response to perioperative chemotherapy (POPChT), overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS). We included 137 cases of operated GC, 51 of which were submitted to POPChT. MSI status was determined by multiplex PCR and EBV status by EBV-encoded RNA in situ hybridization.

Extraction optimization, biological activities, and application in O/W emulsion of deep eutectic solvents-based phenolic extracts from olive pomace.

This study evaluated the phenolic compound extraction from olive pomace with deep eutectic solvents (DES) prepared with choline chloride ([Ch]Cl) and four (poly-)carboxylic acids. Temperature, water addition in the solvent, and solid-liquid ratio were evaluate in total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of extracts obtained with DES and ethanol, as control. Moreover, the antimicrobial activities of solvents and extracts were evaluated.

Potential role of as a probiotic with anti-diabetic properties: A review.

Oxidative stress, inflammation, and gut microbiota impairments have been implicated in the development and maintenance of diabetes mellitus. Strategies capable of recovering the community of commensal gut microbiota and controlling diabetes mellitus have increased in recent years. Some lactobacilli strains have an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory system capable of protecting against oxidative stress, inflammation, and diabetes mellitus.

Evidence for Quercetin as a Dietary Supplement for the Treatment of Cardio-Metabolic Diseases in Pregnancy: A Review in Rodent Models.

Quercetin supplementation during pregnancy and lactation has been linked to a lower risk of maternal cardio-metabolic disorders such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), dyslipidemia, preeclampsia, attenuation of malnutrition-related conditions, and gestational obesity in animal studies. Pre-clinical studies have shown that maternal supplementation with quercetin reduces cardio-metabolic diseases in dams and rodents' offspring, emphasizing its role in modifying phenotypic plasticity. In this sense, it could be inferred that quercetin administration during pregnancy and lactation is a viable strategy for changing cardio-metabolic parameters throughout life.

Serotonergic mechanisms associated with experimental models of hypoxia: A systematic review.

Purpose: The aim of this systematic review was to explore and discuss the literature concerning the effects of hypoxia or anoxia during the perinatal period on the serotoninergic network in rodents, through mechanisms that lead to changes in serotonergic neurons, levels, segments of central nervous system affected, 5-HT transporter, and 5-HT receptor.

Methods: Literature searches were performed in Embase, Medline (PubMed), Web of Science, and SCOPUS, from April to July 2021, with a total of 1045 published studies found. Using a predefined protocol, as registered on the CAMARADES website, 10 articles were included in this review.

Multicriteria approach to prioritize forest restoration areas for biodiversity conservation in the eastern Amazon.

Due to the global magnitude of forest degradation and deforestation and the high cost of ecological restoration, several approaches have been used to prioritize conservation or restoration areas based on different objectives and criteria. The present work aims to develop a multicriteria approach to defining forest restoration priority areas in the Itacaiúnas River basin, eastern Amazon, that maximizes the criteria equitably. The selected criteria were: improve forest connectivity, provide climatic refuges for biodiversity, mitigate the impacts of deforestation on streamflow, and improve the probability of natural regeneration.

Enzymatic Degumming of Rice Bran Oil Using Different Commercial Phospholipases and Their Cocktails.

Rice bran oil is a highly nutritious vegetable oil, as it is rich in tocols and γ-oryzanol. Degumming is the first step in the vegetable oil refining process, and its main objective is the removal of phospholipids or gums. In the present study, enzymatic degumming trials were performed on crude rice bran oil using the phospholipases PLA1, Purifine PLC, their mixture (PLA1/PLC), and a cocktail known as Purifine 3G.

Preliminary Correlation of the Immunoexpression of Cathepsin B and E-Cadherin Proteins in Vocal Fold Leukoplakia.

Objectives: Early identification of vocal fold leukoplakia (VFL), which has a risk of progressing to malignant transformation, remains a controversial topic. The identification of biological markers for diagnosing these lesions would lead to a more effective treatment. We aimed to analyze the immunoexpression of cathepsin B and E-cadherin in VFL and correlate it with clinical and epidemiological data and disease prognosis.

Serodiscordance predictors among couples in the HIV context: implications for health care.

Background: After HIV diagnosis, people maintain, reestablish their sexual lives, or build new relationships, often with HIV seronegative partners. Therefore, understanding the factors concerning couple-vulnerability is essential in order to design effective HIV preventive strategies. We examined HIV serodiscordant couples prevalence and their associated factors from a Brazilian city.

Effect of involuntary chronic physical exercise on beta-amyloid protein in experimental models of Alzheimer's disease: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

The excessive deposition of β-amyloid proteins (Aβ) is directly correlated with the establishment and development of Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Current treatments for AD only reduce symptoms instead of acting on Aβ, the primary etiological agent. Hence, the anti-amyloid effect of regular exercise has been widely investigated as an alternative therapy.

School Feeding and Food and Nutrition Security in the Context of the Covid-19 Pandemic in the Northern Region of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Due to the pandemic and the suspension of in-person school classes, there was an interruption in the meals served to approximately 40 million students who benefited from the Brazilian National School Feeding Program (PNAE). This article describes two case studies, comparing the strategies adopted by two municipalities for maintaining school feeding during the Covid-19 pandemic in the northern region of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and discuss possible impacts of these strategies on food and nutrition security. These municipalities together cover about 81% of the population in the region.

Neuroprotective mechanisms of chronic physical exercise via reduction of β-amyloid protein in experimental models of Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review.

Aims: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common irreversible chronic neurodegenerative disease. It is characterized by the abnormal accumulation of β-amyloid protein (Aβ), which triggers homeostatic breakage in several physiological systems. However, the effect of chronic exercise on the formation of Aβ as an alternative therapy has been investigated.

Expression of Thomsen-Friedenreich Antigen in Colorectal Cancer and Association with Microsatellite Instability.

Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a molecular phenotype due to a deficient DNA mismatch repair (dMMR). In colorectal cancer (CRC), dMMR/MSI is associated with several clinical and histopathological features, influences prognosis, and is a predictive factor of response to therapy. In daily practice, dMMR/MSI profiles are identified by immunohistochemistry and/or multiplex PCR.

Pool Boiling of Nanofluids on Biphilic Surfaces: An Experimental and Numerical Study.

This study addresses the combination of customized surface modification with the use of nanofluids, to infer on its potential to enhance pool-boiling heat transfer. Hydrophilic surfaces patterned with superhydrophobic regions were developed and used as surface interfaces with different nanofluids (water with gold, silver, aluminum and alumina nanoparticles), in order to evaluate the effect of the nature and concentration of the nanoparticles in bubble dynamics and consequently in heat transfer processes. The main qualitative and quantitative analysis was based on extensive post-processing of synchronized high-speed and thermographic images.

First Genome Sequences of Two Multidrug-Resistant var. Isolates From Pediatric Patients With Candidemia.

is a complex formed by , var. , and . Members of this complex are opportunistic pathogens closely related to , , and , all members of a multidrug-resistant clade.

Factors associated to chronic kidney disease in people living with HIV/AIDS.

Objective: to analyze the factors associated to chronic kidney disease in people living with HIV (PLHIV).

Method: a paired case-control study (4 controls for each case) carried out in a specialized care service in the Southeastern of Brazil, by analyzing PLHIV medical records. The sample consisted of 85 participants, corresponding to 17 cases and 68 controls.