Prophylactic Pulmonary Artery Banding in Pediatric Dilated Cardiomyopathy: An Additional Therapeutic Option.

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is the most common childhood cardiomyopathy and is associated with considerable early mortality. Heart transplantation is often the only viable life-saving option. Pulmonary artery banding (PAB) has been recently proposed as a bridge or alternative to transplantation for DCM.

Long-term results after the réparation à l'étage ventriculaire procedure for transposition of the great arteries and double-outlet right ventricle with pulmonary stenosis.

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to describe the long-term results of the 'réparation à l'étage ventriculaire' (REV) technique for double-outlet right ventricle and transposition of the great arteries (TGA) with pulmonary stenosis (PS).

Methods: Between 1980 and 2021, 157 patients underwent a REV procedure (median age and weight: 20.8 months and 7.

Outcomes of aortic valve repair in children stratified by complexity: Which outcome for which lesion?

Objective: Aortic valvuloplasty frequency has significantly increased over the past 15 years. Surgical repair varies in complexity depending on valvular lesions. Our aim is to report results on the whole spectrum of aortic valvuloplasty techniques.

Epicardial vs. transvenous implantable cardioverter defibrillators in children.

Aims: The implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) has been increasingly used in children. Both epicardial and transvenous approaches are used, with controversy regarding the best option with no specific recommendations. We aimed to compare outcomes associated with epicardial vs.

Transplantation for pulmonary arterial hypertension with congenital heart disease: Impact on outcomes of the current therapeutic approach including a high-priority allocation program.

Patients with end-stage pulmonary arterial hypertension due to congenital heart disease have limited access to heart-lung transplantation or double-lung transplantation. We aimed to assess the effects of a high-priority allocation program established in France in 2007. We conducted a retrospective study to compare waitlist and posttransplantation outcomes before versus after implementation of the high-priority allocation program.

Ross procedure or complex aortic valve repair using pericardium in children: A real dilemma.

Objective: Difficult to repair aortic valve lesions, requiring the use of a valve substitute, remain controversial in the face of the Ross procedure, despite undeniable technical advances. This study was undertaken to compare midterm outcomes of children treated using the Ross procedure or aortic valvuloplasty for complex aortic valve lesions.

Methods: Between January 2006 and December 2017, 126 patients aged younger than 18 years were treated for complex aortic stenosis and/or aortic insufficiency and were included in this retrospective study.

Endovascular stenting of blunt aortic isthmus rupture in a 5-year-old child.

Blunt traumatic aortic tear is an extremely rare and life-threatening paediatric emergency. Percutaneous repair is highly debateable in children due to anatomic limitations. Herein, we report an important case of a 5-year-old boy diagnosed with grade 3 aortic isthmus disruption following fifth-floor defenestration.

Celsior crystalloid cardioplegia versus standard hyperkalemic normothermic blood cardioplegia: Analysis of myocardial protection in elective mitral valve repair.

Introduction: With the increase and refinement of video assisted mitral valve surgery, cristalloïd cardioplegia started regaining popularity. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Celsior, a crystalloid cardioplegic solution, on myocardial protection in elective surgical mitral valve repair in comparison to blood based hyperkalemic cardioplegia.

Methods: In this observational retrospective study, all consecutive elective isolated surgical mitral valve repair where Celsior or normothermic hyperkalemic blood cardioplegia were used were included.

Single-Shot Cold Histidine-Tryptophan-Ketoglutarate Cardioplegia for Long Aortic Cross-Clamping Durations in Neonates.

Objective: More than 30% of European pediatric cardiac surgery centers use single-dose cold histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate cardioplegia (Custodiol; Dr Franz Köhler Chemie GmbH, Bensheim, Germany). In neonates with transposition of the great arteries, arterial switch surgery (ASO) implies aortic division, and it is unknown whether repeated ostial cannulation causes intimal insult and affects long-term results, and therefore, single-dose Custodiol is appealing. The present study investigated the association among myocardial no-flow duration, postoperative troponins, and postoperative outcomes in neonates undergoing ASO with Custodiol cardioplegia.

Ascending aorta and aortic root replacement (with or without valve sparing) in early childhood: surgical strategies and long-term outcomes.

Objectives: Aortic root and ascending aorta replacements (AARs) are rarely required in the paediatric population. We report here a series of AAR performed in young children using different surgical techniques.

Methods: Between 1995 and 2017, 32 children under the age of 10 years (median age 5.

Procalcitonin Concentration Measured Within the First Days of Cardiac Surgery Is Predictive of Postoperative Infections in Neonates: A Case-Control Study.

Increased procalcitonin concentration (PCT) is known to be reliable for the identification of infections even in the presence of the non-specific systemic inflammatory response seen after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), whereas increased C-reactive protein concentration (CRP) is not. The present work explored the ability of neonate PCT measured early after cardiac surgery to identify postoperative infections. This was a retrospective case-control study, where PCT was matched between patients with and without infections according to the patient's age, the CPB length, the use of deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA), and the postoperative day (POD).

Double orifice and atrioventricular septal defect: dealing with the zone of apposition†.

Objectives: A double orifice of the left atrioventricular valve (LAVV) associated with atrioventricular septal defects (AVSD) can significantly complicate surgical repair. This study reports our experience of AVSD repair over 3 decades, with special attention to the zone of apposition (ZoA) of the main orifice, and presents a technique of hemivalve pericardial extension in specific situations.

Methods: We performed a retrospective study from 1987 to 2016 on 1067 patients with AVSD of whom 43 (4%) had a double orifice, plus 2 additional patients who required LAVV pericardial enlargement.

Tetralogy of Fallot and abnormal coronary artery: use of a prosthetic conduit is outdated.

Objectives: Repair of tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) can be challenging in the presence of an abnormal coronary artery (CA) in 5-12% of cases. The aim of this study was to report our experience with ToF repair without the systematic use of a right ventricle-to-pulmonary artery (RV-PA) conduit.

Methods: We conducted a monocentric retrospective study from 2000 to 2016, including 943 patients with ToF who underwent biventricular repair, of whom 8% (n = 76) presented with an abnormal CA.

Outcomes of palliative right ventricle to pulmonary artery connection for pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect.

Objectives: To determine the early, intermediate and long-term outcomes of pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect (PA/VSD) Types I, II and III initially palliated by a right ventricle to pulmonary artery (RVPA) connection.

Methods: We performed a retrospective study from 2000 to 2014 that included 109 patients with PA/VSD who had undergone an RVPA connection (tetralogy of Fallot and PA/VSD Type IV excluded). The end-points of this strategy were adequate pulmonary artery tree post-palliation, second palliation, biventricular repair, right ventricular pressure post-biventricular repair and late reoperation.

Single coronary artery and neonatal arterial switch operation: early and long-term outcomes.

Objectives: The presence of single coronary artery (CA) in the arterial switch operation (ASO) for neonatal treatment with transposition of the great arteries (TGA) has been reported to be an independent risk factor for early death after surgical repair and late reintervention. The study objective was to evaluate the mortality and the CA stenosis risk at early and long term in neonatal ASO for TGA and single CA.

Methods: Between January 1987 and January 2010, 979 neonates underwent an ASO, of which 73 had a single CA (7.

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome: a novel surgical strategy for small-volume centres?

Objectives: We describe in a prospective study, a novel surgical technique for the management of hypoplastic left heart syndrome inspired by the hybrid Norwood approach.

Methods: This new neonatal palliation comprises replacement of the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and aortic arch plasty with a pulmonary homograft associated with the banding of both pulmonary arteries and atrial septectomy, under cardiopulmonary bypass without aortic clamping and cardioplegia. Initial results led to tightening of the pulmonary artery band from 3.

Experience with Extracorporeal Life Support for Cardiogenic Shock in the Older Population more than 70 Years of Age.

The two main objectives of this single-center, retrospective study were to analyze the outcomes and to identify the independent predictors of 30 day and long-term mortality in case of cardiopulmonary resuscitation requiring extracorporeal life support (ECLS) in the elderly patients. From October 2004 to May 2014, 163 patients with a mean age of 75.5 years (range 70-91) required veno-arterial ECLS.

Thoraco-abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture secondary to lymphocytic lymphoma.

We present the case of a 60-year old woman with a ruptured thoraco-abdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA). It was a Type IV TAAA in the Crawford Classification. A mycotic origin was suspected as she had a known history of lymphocytic lymphoma.

Surgical management of an anomalous right coronary artery.

Anomalous aortic origin of coronary arteries is a rare congenital heart disease that can be associated with sudden death. We present the case of a young patient who sustained a cardiac arrest revealing an anomalous origin of the right coronary artery. Unroofing and pericardial enlargement of the coronary artery ostia was performed and the patient is actually asymptomatic.

Subaortic Area at Risk for Development of Obstruction After Surgical Repair of Atrioventricular Septal Defect: Myth or Reality?

Background: Morphology of the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) in atrioventricular septal defects (AVSDs) has been reported to be at risk for development of obstruction. The purpose of the present study was to identify the incidence, the risk factors, and the surgical outcomes of subaortic stenosis in repaired AVSDs.

Methods: Records of 427 consecutive patients who underwent anatomical repair for all types of AVSDs from January 2000 to December 2012 were reviewed.