Investigation of Levan-Derived Nanoparticles of Dolutegravir: A Promising Approach for the Delivery of Anti-HIV Drug as Milk Admixture.

Nanoparticles composed of Levan and Dolutegravir (DTG) have been successfully synthesized using a spray drying procedure specifically designed for milk/food admixture applications. Levan, obtained from the microorganism Bacillus subtilis, was thoroughly characterized using MALDI-TOF and solid-state NMR technique to confirm its properties. In the present study, this isolated Levan was utilized as a carrier for drug delivery applications.

Role of membrane proteins in bacterial synthesis of hyaluronic acid and their potential in industrial production.

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a glycosaminoglycan polymer found in various parts of human body and is required for functions like lubrication, water homeostasis etc. Hyaluronic acid is mostly produced industrially by bacterial fermentation for pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications. This review discusses on the role of membrane proteins involved in synthesis and transport of bacterial HA, since HA is a transmembrane product.

Corrigendum to "Studies on solvent precipitation of levan synthesized using MTCC 441" [Heliyon 5 (9) (September 2019) e02414].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.

Levan production from sucrose using chicken feather peptone as a low cost supplemental nutrient source.

Chicken feather peptone (CFP) derived from poultry waste is a rich source of essential minerals and amino acids. This, along with suitable carbon source, can be used as a low cost complex supplemental nutrient source for microbial fermentation. In the present work, CFP blended with sucrose was evaluated for the production of levan using Bacillus subtilis MTCC 441.

Production and optimization of polyhydroxyalkanoates from non-edible Calophyllum inophyllum oil using Cupriavidus necator.

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are biodegradable polymers found in the cellular masses of a wide range of bacterial species and the demand for PHA is steadily growing. In this work we have produced PHA from a low-cost substrate, Calophyllum inophyllum oil, using Cupriavidus necator. Effects of various process parameters such as Oil concentration, Nitrogen source and inoculum size on the production of PHA were studied using Response Surface Methodology.

Production of biodiesel by enzymatic transesterification of waste sardine oil and evaluation of its engine performance.

Waste sardine oil, a byproduct of fish industry, was employed as a low cost feedstock for biodiesel production. It has relatively high free fatty acid (FFA) content (32 mg KOH/g of oil). Lipase enzyme immobilized on activated carbon was used as the catalyst for the transesterification reaction.

Review on production, downstream processing and characterization of microbial pullulan.

Pullulan, one of the commercially important microbial exopolysaccharides, is produced by the yeast like fungus Aureobasidium pullulans. It is non-mutagenic, non-toxic, non-hygroscopic, tasteless, odorless, water soluble and edible polymer. Owing to its excellent film forming properties, and typical rheological properties, it is extensively used in diverse industrial applications that include food, agriculture, textiles, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.

Statistical modeling of pullulan production and its application in pullulan acetate nanoparticles synthesis.

This work focused on the optimization of exo-polysaccharide, pullulan production by exploiting cassava bagasse, an agricultural solid waste residue by solid state fermentation and its application in the preparation of pullulan acetate nanoparticles. Statistical approach was investigated to maximize the pullulan production using C/N ratio, initial pH, NaCl and ZnSO4·5H2O. The optimum conditions for maximum yield of pullulan (39.

Production and optimization of xylooligosaccharides from corncob by Bacillus aerophilus KGJ2 xylanase and its antioxidant potential.

The aim of the present study is to produce xylooligosaccharides (XOS) from corncob xylan. The xylan was extracted from corncob using methods like dilute acid, dilute alkali and sodium hypochlorite treatment. Corncob xylan extracted using alkali was characterized by FT-IR and TG-DSC.

Modeling and steady state simulation: production of xanthan gum from sugarcane broth.

The work is focused on developing a mathematical model for continuous process of xanthan gum production. The main objective of the study is to simulate the model, observe the behavior of substrate consumption, biomass and product formation with respect to dilution rate and determine the optimum dilution rate for which the reactor is to be designed. Systems with and without recycling of cells are considered and the optimum dilution rate is found.

Biohydrogen and polyhydroxyalkanoate co-production by Enterobacter aerogenes and Rhodobacter sphaeroides from Calophyllum inophyllum oil cake.

The feasibility of coupled biohydrogen and polyhydroxyalkanoate production by Enterobacter aerogenes and Rhodobacter sphaeroides using Calophyllum inophyllum oil cake was studied under dark and photo fermentation conditions. The utilization of a non-edible acidic oil cake (C. inophyllum), and exploitation of a modified minimal salt media led to reduction in the cost of media.

Statistical optimization of pullulan production from Asian palm kernel and evaluation of its properties.

Pullulan, a biodegradable exopolysaccharide, was produced from Asian Palmyra palm kernel by solid-state fermentation. Levels of medium variables, namely carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N), pH, NaCl concentration and ZnSO4·5H2O concentration were optimized to maximize pullulan production using Box-Behnken design of experiments. Optimal values were predicted as: C/N ratio - 28.

Xanthan from sulphuric acid treated tapioca pulp: influence of acid concentration on xanthan fermentation.

Xanthan gum was produced by fermentation of sulphuric acid pre-treated tapioca pulp. Effect of sulphuric acid concentration (0.5%, 2.

Xylanase production from Bacillus aerophilus KGJ2 and its application in xylooligosaccharides preparation.

Xylanolytic enzyme was produced using a newly isolated Bacillus aerophilus KGJ2 and low cost lignocellulosic sources in solid state fermentation. Seven different agricultural residues (wheat bran, tea dust, saw dust, paper waste, cassava bagasse, rice straw and rice husk) and six nitrogen source namely yeast extract, beef extract, peptone, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulphate, and ammonium chloride were examined for xylanase production. Upon initial screening, wheat bran and ammonium chloride were chosen as suitable carbon source and nitrogen source respectively.

Bioconversion of industrial solid waste--cassava bagasse for pullulan production in solid state fermentation.

The purpose of the work was to produce commercially important pullulan using industrial solid waste namely cassava bagasse in solid state fermentation and minimize the solid waste disposal problem. First, influence of initial pH on cell morphology and pullulan yield was studied. Effect of various factors like fermentation time, moisture ratio, nitrogen sources and particle size on pullulan yield was investigated.

Statistical studies on high molecular weight pullulan production in solid state fermentation using jack fruit seed.

The purpose of the work was to optimize the medium variables for maximizing pullulan production using jack fruit seed as a low cost substrate by Aureobasidium pullulans in solid state fermentation. Effects of K2HPO4, KH2PO4, ZnSO4·5H2O, MgSO4·7H2O, NaCl, (NH4)2SO4·5H2O, yeast extract, moisture content (%, w/w) in the production medium on pullulan production were studied using Plackett-Burman design. Production of pullulan was significantly affected by the medium variables namely KH2PO4, ZnSO4·5H2O, NaCl and moisture content (%, w/w).

Production of pullulan by Aureobasidium pullulans from Asian palm kernel: a novel substrate.

Production of a commercially important biodegradable polymer, pullulan, by Aureobasidium pullulans from four agricultural wastes namely wheat bran, rice bran, coconut kernel and palm kernel was evaluated in solid state fermentation. Under the experimental conditions, palm kernel resulted in highest concentration of pullulan (16 g/L) among the four solid substrates. Optimum initial pH and moisture content for pullulan production were found out to be 6.

Studies on application of teak leaf powders for the removal of color from synthetic and industrial effluents.

Batch studies were conducted to investigate the potential of untreated teak leaf powder (TLP) to remove color from synthetic and industrial effluents. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were used to analyze the equilibrium data. Langmuir isotherm was found to be the best-fitting isotherm.

Kinetics of methylene blue removal from aqueous solution using gulmohar (Delonix regia) plant leaf powder: multivariate regression analysis.

Effects of process variables namely pH, dye concentration, adsorbent dosage, temperature, particle size and agitation speed on kinetics of methylene blue adsorption onto gulmohar plant leaf powder were investigated. Quadratic models were proposed to predict pseudo second order rate constant and equilibrium uptake in terms of the process variables. Model coefficients were determined by multiple regression analysis.

Guava (Psidium guajava) leaf powder: novel adsorbent for removal of methylene blue from aqueous solutions.

Batch sorption experiments were carried out using a novel adsorbent, guava leaf powder (GLP), for the removal of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions. Potential of GLP for adsorption of MB from aqueous solution was found to be excellent. Effects of process parameters pH, adsorbent dosage, concentration, particle size and temperature were studied.

Biosorption of reactive dye using acid-treated rice husk: factorial design analysis.

A factorial experimental design technique was used to investigate the biosorption of reactive red RGB (lambda(max)=521 nm) from water solution on rice husk treated with nitric acid. Biosorption is favored because of abundance of biomass, low cost, reduced sludge compared to conventional treatment techniques and better decontamination efficiency from highly diluted solutions. Factorial design of experiments is employed to study the effect of four factors pH (2 and 7), temperature (20 and 40), adsorbent dosage (5 and 50mg/L) and initial concentration of the dye (50 and 250 mg/L) at two levels low and high.