The distribution of Coronal Plane Alignment of the Knee (CPAK) phenotypes in the Malaysian population and their correlation with demographic variables.

Background: Only 80% of patients are satisfied with their outcomes post-TKA. Mounting attention has been paid to constitutional limb alignment and individualized alignment strategies in recent years. MacDessi et al.

Managing false positives during detection of pathogen sequences in shotgun metagenomics datasets.

Background: Culture-independent diagnostic tests are gaining popularity as tools for detecting pathogens in food. Shotgun sequencing holds substantial promise for food testing as it provides abundant information on microbial communities, but the challenge is in analyzing large and complex sequencing datasets with a high degree of both sensitivity and specificity. Falsely classifying sequencing reads as originating from pathogens can lead to unnecessary food recalls or production shutdowns, while low sensitivity resulting in false negatives could lead to preventable illness.

Factors associated with burnout among healthcare workers in a Singaporean hospital during the post-COVID era.

Background: This study aimed to investigate factors associated with burnout among healthcare workers (HCWs) in a tertiary hospital in Singapore.

Methods: All HCWs from the Singapore General Hospital were invited to participate in a survey using a secure online platform. Participant demographic data were collected.

Universal Spreading of Conditional Mutual Information in Noisy Random Circuits.

We study the evolution of conditional mutual information (CMI) in generic open quantum systems, focusing on one-dimensional random circuits with interspersed local noise. Unlike in noiseless circuits, where CMI spreads linearly while being bounded by the light cone, we find that noisy random circuits with an error rate p exhibit superlinear propagation of CMI, which diverges far beyond the light cone at a critical circuit depth t_{c}∝p^{-1}. We demonstrate that the underlying mechanism for such rapid spreading is the combined effect of local noise and a scrambling unitary, which selectively removes short-range correlations while preserving long-range correlations.

Upcycling commercial nut byproducts for food, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical applications: A comprehensive review.

This article presents a comprehensive overview of upcycling commercial nut byproducts (such as Brazil nut, cashew, hazelnut, macadamia, peanut (also known as a legume), pecan, pine nut, pistachio, and walnut) for food, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical applications. Upcycling nut byproducts, namely husk/hull, hard shell, brown skin, defatted flour/meal/cake, pine cone, cashew nut shell liquid, cashew apple, walnut septum, and dreg/okara, has great potential, not only to reduce/minimise waste, but also to fit within the circular economy concept. Each byproduct has its own unique functional properties, which can bring significant value.

Multimodal multiphasic preoperative image-based deep-learning predicts HCC outcomes after curative surgery.

Background And Aims: HCC recurrence frequently occurs after curative surgery. Histological microvascular invasion (MVI) predicts recurrence but cannot provide preoperative prognostication, whereas clinical prediction scores have variable performances.

Approach And Results: Recurr-NET, a multimodal multiphasic residual-network random survival forest deep-learning model incorporating preoperative CT and clinical parameters, was developed to predict HCC recurrence.

Animal-Assisted Mental Health Education for Veterinary Students.

Veterinary students often face mental health challenges due to the demanding nature of their studies and the pressures of adopting to their future profession. To address this issue, an animal-assisted education in mental health (AAE-MH) program was developed and implemented at a veterinary school in Hong Kong. The primary goal of the AAE-MH program was to enhance students' mental health literacy, raise awareness of mental health topics, and improve their help-seeking behavior and overall well-being.

Clinical characteristics and outcome of central nervous system tumors harboring NTRK gene fusions.

Purpose: TRK fusions are detected in less than 2% of central nervous system tumors. There are limited data on the clinical course of affected patients.

Experimental Design: We conducted an international retrospective cohort study of patients with TRK fusion-driven CNS tumors.

Validation of the Laryngeal Cognitive-affective Tool in a Taiwanese Population.

Background And Aim: The laryngeal cognitive-affective tool (LCAT) was recently validated in the US to assess laryngeal-specific hypervigilance and anxiety. The aim of this study was to examine LCAT validity in the Taiwanese population.

Methods: This prospective single-center study enrolled adults from Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital with laryngeal symptoms for >6 months.

Duvelisib with docetaxel for patients with anti-PD-1 refractory, recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Treatments after anti-PD-1 therapy for patients with recurrent, metastatic (R/M) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are limited. Blocking phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling may lead to tumor immunomodulation and enhanced taxane sensitivity. This phase 2 trial evaluated dual, selective PI3Kδ/γ inhibition with docetaxel in patients with anti-PD-1 refractory R/M HNSCC.

Effects of Physical Activity and Inactivity on Microvasculature in Children: The Hong Kong Children Eye Study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of physical activity and inactivity on the microvasculature in children, as measured from retinal photographs.

Methods: All participants were from the Hong Kong Children Eye Study, a population-based cross-sectional study of children aged 6 to 8 years. They received comprehensive ophthalmic examinations and retinal photography.

Membrane sweeping versus transcervical Foley catheter for induction of labor in women with a previous cesarean delivery: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of membrane sweeping and transcervical Foley catheters for the induction of labor after one previous cesarean delivery.

Methods: An open-label, prospective, randomized controlled trial was performed at Sibu Hospital, Sarawak, Malaysia between 15 February 2018 and 30 August 2018. Pregnant women aged 18 or above at term who had one previous uncomplicated lower segment cesarean section and required induction of labor were randomized to membrane sweeping or transcervical Foley catheter insertion.

Early HBcrAg and Anti-HBc Levels Identify Patients at High Risk for Severe Flares After Nucleos(t)ide Analogue Cessation-A Pooled Analysis of Two Clinical Trials.

Background: Severe flares (ALT ≥ 10×ULN) are a well-recognised adverse outcome after nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) cessation and may lead to liver failure. Thus, identification of patients at risk for these flares is of major importance.

Methods: Data were used from two prospective studies on NA cessation conducted in the Netherlands and Canada.

Interplay between Lipids and Complement Proteins-How Multiomics Data Integration Can Help Unravel Age-related Macular Degeneration Pathophysiology: A Proof-of-concept Study.

Objective: Our objectives were to identify correlation patterns between complement and lipid pathways using a multiomics data integration approach and to determine how these interconnections affect age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Design: Nested case-control study.

Subjects And Controls: The analyses were performed in a subset of the Singapore Indian Eye Study.

Naturalistic generative narratives reveal effects of social characteristics on decision-making.

Introduction: The social characteristics of others can powerfully influence our decisions. They can also be broadly impacted by the social context in which these choices are made, making the effects of these characteristics on decision-making especially challenging to understand.

Methods: Here, we developed a Generative Narrative Survey that provided participants with naturalistic scenarios that richly varied in social context and theme but that also systematically varied the characteristics of the social agents involved, followed by a question.

2024 Hong Kong College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists Guidelines for cervical cancer prevention and screening.

Primary prevention of cervical cancer is best achieved by vaccinating girls with a prophylactic human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine. Despite the high efficacy of such vaccines, cervical cancer screening remains necessary because current vaccines do not offer full protection. Secondary prevention via cervical screening should target all women from age 25 years or at the onset of sexual activity, whichever occurs later, until age 64 years.

Impact of Body Image Perception on Behavioral Outcomes in Chinese Adolescent and Young Adult Survivors of Sarcoma.

Purpose: To identify the prevalence and predictive factors of body image dissatisfaction among Chinese adolescent and young adult (AYA) survivors of sarcoma and to evaluate its associations with behavioral outcomes.

Methods: In total, 116 AYA survivors (response rate: 88%; 48.3% female; mean age 28.

Differences in intention to receive clinician-collected and self-collected samples for HPV DNA testing and its determinants between heterosexual males and females in Hong Kong, China: findings of a territory-wide household survey.

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is prevalent among people who are sexually active. This study aimed to compare the levels of behavioral intention to receive free clinician-collected and self-collected samples for HPV DNA testing and its determinants between heterosexual males and females in Hong Kong, China.

Methods: This is a secondary analysis of a territory-wide survey conducted in Hong Kong between May 2021 and March 2022.

Diagnostic potential of rhinovirus C using reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP).

Rhinoviruses (RVs), particularly RV-C, frequently cause acute respiratory infections and asthma exacerbations. However, there is a lack of routine detection methods. Thus, this study aims to develop a rapid molecular and differential diagnostic detection method for RV-C using the reverse transcription (RT) loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) approach.

The Effect of Young People-Assisted, Individualized, Motion-Based Video Games on Physical, Cognitive, and Social Frailty Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults With Frailty: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The aging population highlights the need to maintain both physical and psychological well-being. Frailty, a multidimensional syndrome, increases vulnerability to adverse outcomes. Although physical exercise is effective, adherence among older adults with frailty is often low due to barriers.