Spatio-temporal attention toward emotional scenes across adulthood.

Research on emotion suggests that the attentional preference observed toward the negative stimuli in young adults tends to disappear in normal aging and, sometimes, to shift toward a preference for positive stimuli. The current eye-tracking study investigated visual exploration of paired natural scenes of different valence (Negative-Neutral, Positive-Neutral, and Negative-Positive pairs) in three age groups (young, middle-aged, and older adults). Two arousal levels of stimuli (high and low arousal) were also considered given role of this factor in age-related effects on emotion.

[Surgery of the footplate of the stapes excluding otospongiosis: critical study of a series of 60 cases].

Operations on the foot of the stapes, excluding for otosclerosis, were performed in 60 patients: 5 mobilizations and 55 excisions. Surgery was for aplasia in 7 cases, injury in 5 cases, tympanosclerosis with a closed membrane in 17 cases (mobilization was performed in 5 of these patients), elective excision with a healthy cavity in 16 cases, and 15 involuntary excisions including 10 with an open membrane. Stapedectomy is a serious operation when the ear is open, whether it is performed for simple chronic otitis, or cholesteatomatous or tympanosclerotic otitis, risks being independent of age.

[Results of 10 years of deafness screening and diagnosis in children and its implications. Early education of the young deaf child].

In ten years, we have tested more than 1 200 children of 0 to 4 years in this way: at birth, within the maternity hospital, and then at 2, 6 and 9 months-old, doubtful cases with the Veit-Bizaguet audiometer and also Mrs Borel-Maisonny's sound toys: we have thus obtained the child's hearing test. Later on, according to age, we use R.O.

[Sudden deafness. Critical study of a series of 118 cases].

The different types of sudden deafness have been the subject of considerable research, particularly in respect of their definition and etiopathogenic mechanisms. The concept of a vascular disorder has acquired a predominant place that is open to discussion; very little attention has been paid to the very different ages of the patients, their sex distribution, and the varying course of sudden deafness with age. It is in this respect that the original nature of this study lies.

[A rare paraneoplastic syndrome: Bazex' syndrome (author's transl)].

The authors report a case of Basex' syndrome in its typical and complete form of the cutaneous syndrome, appearance of the skin lesions preceding the pharyngeal symptoms. The squamous cell carcinoma confirmed by histopathological examination was treated by radiotherapy only.

[Temporomandibular ankylosis in the child. Two cases. (author's transl)].

Unlabelled: About 2 child's temporo mandibular ankylosis cases, authors explains differents questions of this affection. --

Etiology: overshadows by trauma and infections. --Physiological.

[Surgical reconstruction of the sound conduction mechanism in congenital atresia of the ear (author's transl)].

125 congenital atresia of the ear have been operated from 1974 to 1980 in our O.L. department.

[Pharyngolplasty by transposition of the posterior tonsillar pillar (author's transl)].

13 children suffering from velo-pharyngeal insufficiency were operated. A transposition of the posterior pillar was carried out. After exposing the principle of the method, the anatomical bases of the operation and the operation technique used are described.

[An assessment of caustic oesophageal burns in the child (author's transl)].

68 patients who might have had a caustic oesophageal burn were observed in the E.N.T.

[The treatment of sub-glottic stenosis by continuous dilatation. Long term results (author's transl)].

From 1973 to 1977, 15 patients with laryngeal stenosis were treated by a method of continuous dilatation in the ENT department of the "Enfants Malades" Hospital. The results were viewed with regard to the importance of the complications, the chance of decanulation, the carrying time of the canula, adaptation to effort, functional respiratory tests, the value of language, intellectual and psychic repercussions, and repercussions on the social life. In this series the method of dilatation seems remarkably reliable.

[Assessment of a thirty year long experience in treatment of esophageal caustic stenosis (author's transl)].

Among 457 esophageal stenosis treated between 1954 and 1977, 258 (56%) were caustic stenosis. The treatment of those is the most difficult. Functionnal healding was satisfactory in 93% of the treated cases by dilatations.

[The value of therapeutic arteriography in the treatment of tympano-jugular glomus tumours (author's transl)].

In this article, the authors stress three fundamental points in the diagnostic and therapeutic angiographic study of tympano-jugular glomus tumours. The first basic concept is the need for complete right, left, internal carotid, vertebral and external carotid angiographic examination. The latter must be selective, regardless of the information provided by common carotid arteriography.

[The E.E.G. during althesin anaesthesia in paediatrics (preliminary study) (author's transl)].

The authors studied 11 children (mean age 5 1/2 years) before and during anaesthesia, and then several times from 1 to 6 hours after the injection of althesin. The anaesthetic agent was either pure althesin or althesin combined with dextromoramide. The electroclinical correlations described for adults are also found in children: slow waves, discontinuous and then isoelectric recording during the operation stage, then rapid recovery after ending drug administration.

[Our attitude toward so-called essential severe epistaxis. The problem of vascular ligatures].

The authors describe their therapeutic attitude over the past few years towards severe epistaxis. In an emergency, anterior and posterior tamponage using thick tents is the main treatment used. Double balloon probes have been discontinued, in spite of the fact that they were well-tolerated, on account of the disappointing results they gave.

[Congenital malformation of the inner ear and repeated meningitis. Anatomo-clinical considerations illustrated by a case].

The atuhors analyze the case of a three-year-old child suffering from an abnormal condition of the left internal ear, revealed by copious discharge of cerebro-spinal fluid at the onset of 5 attacks of meningitis. A direct approach to the plate and the bony and aponeurotic contents of the oval fossa made it possible to seal this off and this was checked surgically eighteen months later. On this occasion a general survey was carried out into the usual circumstances in which such a discovery is made, pathological concepts and treatment for these accidents.

[Severe emergency epistaxis].

Selective ligature of the nutrient vessels of the nasal mucosa is an effective method of controlling massive epistaxis. Careful identification of the site of the haemorrhage is essential. One cause of immediate failure was an error in indication and another, lack of precision in locating a vascular tumour.