Environmental correlates of oyster farming in an upwelling system: Implication upon growth, biomass production, shell strength and organic composition.

Comprehending the potential effects of environmental variability on bivalves aquaculture becomes crucial for its sustainability under climate change scenarios, specially in the Humboldt Current System (HCS) where upwelling intensification leading to frequent hypoxia and acidification is expected. In a year-long study, Pacific oysters (Magallana gigas) were monitored at two depths (1.5m, 6.

Ambient intelligence governance review: from service-oriented to self-service.

The current generation of connected devices and the Internet of Things augment people's capabilities through ambient intelligence. Ambient Intelligence (AmI) support systems contain applications consuming available services in the environment to serve users. A well-known design of these applications follows a service architecture style and implement artificial intelligence mechanisms to maintain an awareness of the context: The service architecture style enables the distribution of capabilities and facilitates interoperability.

Fullerene binding effects in Al(III)/Zn(II) Porphyrin/Phthalocyanine photophysical properties and charge transport.

We evaluate the fullerene C binding effect; through the metal (Al) and through the ligand (Pc,TPP), on the photophysical and charge transport properties of M-porphyrin(TPP)/phthalocyanine(Pc) (M = Al(III), Zn(II)). We perform density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT calculations for the macrocycle-C dyads, showing that all systems studied are thermodynamically favorable. The C binding effect on the absorption spectrum is a red-shift of the Q and Soret (B) bands of TPPs and Pcs.

Highly Reversible Aqueous Zinc Batteries enabled by Zincophilic-Zincophobic Interfacial Layers and Interrupted Hydrogen-Bond Electrolytes.

Aqueous Zn batteries promise high energy density but suffer from Zn dendritic growth and poor low-temperature performance. Here, we overcome both challenges by using an eutectic 7.6 m ZnCl aqueous electrolyte with 0.

Analysis of an all-solid state nanobattery using molecular dynamics simulations under an external electric field.

Present Li-ion battery (LIB) technology requires strong improvements in performance, energy capacity, charging-time, and cost to expand their application to e-mobility and grid storage. Li-metal is one of the most promising materials to replace commercial anodes such as graphite because of its 10 times higher specific capacity. However, Li-metal has high reactivity with commercial liquid electrolytes; thus, new solid materials are proposed to replace liquid electrolytes when Li-metal anodes are used.

CNN Based Detectors on Planetary Environments: A Performance Evaluation.

An essential characteristic that an exploration robot must possess is to be autonomous. This is necessary because it will usually do its task in remote or hard-to-reach places. One of the primary elements of a navigation system is the information that can be acquired by the sensors of the environment in which it will operate.

Investigating the effects of vacancies on self-diffusion in silicon clusters using classical molecular dynamics.

Due to recent advances in the field of microelectronics, the growth in microelectronics applications, and the exponentially increasing demand for microelectronic devices in the power sector, it is important to study the behavior of silicon at the nanoscale, given that nanoclusters of silicon could be used to design a new kind of lithium-ion batteries with strongly enhanced performance. Here, molecular dynamics was employed to calculate the self-diffusion coefficients of silicon clusters at room temperature and at a temperature approaching the melting point of silicon, complementing experimental efforts in this field. Silicon clusters of the same spherical geometry and size but with different vacancy fractions were studied using molecular dynamics using the Tersoff potential in order to estimate phase changes and self-diffusion coefficients.

Molecular dynamics simulations of the first charge of a Li-ion-Si-anode nanobattery.

Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries are the most popular devices for energy storage but still a lot of research needs to be done to improve their cycling and storage capacity. Silicon has been proposed as an anode material because of its large theoretical capacity of ∼3600 mAh/g. Therefore, focus is needed on the lithiation process of silicon anodes where it is known that the anode increases its volume more than 300%, producing cracking and other damages.

Towards sustainable partnerships in global health: the case of the CRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases in Peru.

Human capital requires opportunities to develop and capacity to overcome challenges, together with an enabling environment that fosters critical and disruptive innovation. Exploring such features is necessary to establish the foundation of solid long-term partnerships. In this paper we describe the experience of the CRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, based at Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia in Lima, Peru, as a case study for fostering meaningful and sustainable partnerships for international collaborative research.

GrabCut-based human segmentation in video sequences.

In this paper, we present a fully-automatic Spatio-Temporal GrabCut human segmentation methodology that combines tracking and segmentation. GrabCut initialization is performed by a HOG-based subject detection, face detection, and skin color model. Spatial information is included by Mean Shift clustering whereas temporal coherence is considered by the historical of Gaussian Mixture Models.

Measurement of the proton-air cross section at √s=57 TeV with the Pierre Auger Observatory.

We report a measurement of the proton-air cross section for particle production at the center-of-mass energy per nucleon of 57 TeV. This is derived from the distribution of the depths of shower maxima observed with the Pierre Auger Observatory: systematic uncertainties are studied in detail. Analyzing the tail of the distribution of the shower maxima, a proton-air cross section of [505±22(stat)(-36)(+28)(syst)] mb is found.

Measurement of the depth of maximum of extensive air showers above 10{18} eV.

We describe the measurement of the depth of maximum, X{max}, of the longitudinal development of air showers induced by cosmic rays. Almost 4000 events above 10;{18} eV observed by the fluorescence detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory in coincidence with at least one surface detector station are selected for the analysis. The average shower maximum was found to evolve with energy at a rate of (106{-21}{+35}) g/cm{2}/decade below 10{18.

Release of ischaemia prior to wound closure in total knee arthroplasty: a better method?

We included 46 total knee arthroplasties (43 patients) in a prospective, randomised study, dividing them into two groups: group A (23 knees, 21 patients) in which the ischaemia was released prior to wound closure allowing control of bleeding and group B (23 knees, 22 patients) releasing the tourniquet after suturing and bandaging. We compared the haemoglobin before surgery and at 24 and 48 h postoperatively, the total blood loss and the transfusions that were needed. Student's t-test was used to analyse the data.

Pre- and postnatal antecedents of a home-visiting intervention and family developmental outcome.

This is a study of the pre- and postnatal antecedents of select indices of 6 to 24 months mother-child and child social-emotional development. The following hypotheses guided the study: 1. That a mother who is secure before the birth of her child will be more involved in the work of the home-visiting intervention, and will by child age 24 months be more responsive to the needs of her child, encourage the autonomy of her child, and use verbal and positive forms of control.

Infectious bronchitis: effect of viral doses and routes on specific lacrimal and serum antibody responses in chickens.

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the effect of various infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) (strain H-120) vaccine doses and routes of immunization on specific lacrimal and serum antibody responses. The results of the first trial showed that the maximum dose, 10(6) median embryo infective doses (EID50s), delivered by the ocular route elicited both a systemic and a local antibody response in the vaccinated chickens. Lower doses of vaccinal virus, 10(4) (median dose) and 10(2) (minimum dose) EID50 delivered by the same route did not induce a detectable systemic antibody response.