Intraoperative Cardiac Arrest in Orthopaedic Surgery: A Case Series of 42 Patients.

Introduction: Intraoperative cardiac arrest (IOCA) is a rare event during orthopaedic surgery. Although infrequent, it has a notable effect, with mortality as high as 35%. Little is known about the outcomes of IOCA in orthopaedic surgery, and this study aims to fill that knowledge gap to improve patient counseling and treatment decisions.

Effects of bottom-up and top-down attentional processes on change blindness for COVID-related stimuli: influence of heart rate variability.

Introduction: Top-down mechanisms that regulate attentional control are influenced by task demands and individuals' goals, while bottom-up processes are influenced by salient stimuli. Analogous networks are involved in both processes (e.g.

Reverse shoulder arthroplasty in the setting of massive proximal humeral bone loss: a systematic review.

Background: Massive proximal humeral bone loss (PHBL) poses a technical challenge during reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA). Surgical treatment strategies include allograft-prosthetic composite (APC) reconstructions, endoprostheses, and other reverse shoulder arthroplasty constructs; however, there is a paucity of literature summarizing the outcomes and complications unique to this complex patient population. This study aimed to systematically review the literature to evaluate (1) patient-reported outcome measures, (2) functional outcomes, and (3) complications according to surgical treatment strategy for patients with massive PHBL who undergo primary or revision shoulder arthroplasty.

Research Fellowships for Unmatched Orthopaedic Applicants: What Can They Expect?

Introduction: Unmatched orthopaedic surgery applicants often pursue research fellowships to strengthen their residency applications. The aims of this study were to (1) report the trend of the number of orthopaedic research fellowships offered online between 2019 and 2024, (2) describe the characteristics of research fellowships available to unmatched applicants, and (3) assess the quality of support received by unmatched applicants who complete research fellowships.

Methods: An online orthopaedic forum was retrospectively reviewed to identify job postings for medical student research fellowships in the 2019 to 2020 and 2024 to 2025 academic years.

Exploring the spatial interference effects elicited by social and non-social targets: A conditional accuracy function approach.

Recent studies employing the spatial interference paradigm reveal qualitative differences in congruency effects between gaze and arrow targets. Typically, arrows produce a standard congruency effect (SCE), with faster responses when target direction aligns with its location. Conversely, gaze targets often lead to a reversed congruency effect (RCE), where responses are slower in similar conditions.

A multicenter study of the risk of major bleeding in patients with and without cirrhosis undergoing percutaneous liver procedures.

Percutaneous liver procedures are frequently performed in patients with abnormal coagulation tests. Current guidelines suggest prophylactic transfusion is not mandatory in all patients with liver disease or cirrhosis, depending on the risk of bleeding. This study aims to describe the incidence and risk of major bleeding after percutaneous liver procedure in patients with and without cirrhosis.

Iatrogenic Sciatic Nerve Injury in Posterior Acetabular Surgery: Surgeon More Predictive Than Position.

Objectives: To identify factors that contribute to iatrogenic sciatic nerve palsy during acetabular surgery through a Kocher-Langenbeck approach and to evaluate if variation among individual surgeons exists.

Design: Retrospective cohort.

Setting: Level I trauma center.

Adapting Minds: Exploring Cognition to Threatened Stimuli in the Post-COVID-19 Landscape Comparing Old and New Concerns about Pandemic.

The global population has been significantly affected by the pandemic in terms of physical and mental health. According to transactional theory, individuals have undergone an adaptation process influenced by cognitive control abilities. Emotional responses to COVID-19-related stimuli may interfere with top-down attentional processes, thereby hindering adaptation.

The reverse congruency effect elicited by eye-gaze as a function of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms.

Individuals diagnosed with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have been found to have impairments in multiple aspects of social cognition, thus including the attentional processing of socially relevant stimuli such as eye-gaze. However, to date, it remains unclear whether only the social-specific but not the domain-general directional components, elicited by eye-gaze are affected by ADHD symptomatology. To address this issue, the present study aimed to investigate the impact of ADHD-like traits on the social-specific attentional processing of eye-gaze.

Molecular and therapeutic advancements in Capicua ()-rearranged sarcoma.

Capicua ()-rearranged sarcomas are an aggressive subset of undifferentiated round cell sarcomas. CIC::DUX4, the proto-typical CIC fusion oncoprotein is associated with rapid clinical progression and chemotherapy resistance leading to poor clinical outcomes. Recent studies have identified additional CIC fusions (CIC::NUTM1, CIC::FOXO4, and CIC::LEUTX) that largely retain CIC-binding specificity but leverage C-terminal binding partners (NUTM1, FOXO4, and LEUTX) to potentially activate transcriptional programs that drive oncogenesis.

Shoulder arthroplasty in the upper extremity weight-bearing patient: a systematic review of clinical outcomes and complications.

Background: Patients who rely on their upper extremities for ambulation, or upper extremity ambulators (UEAs), place considerable stress on their shoulders through the use of assistive devices like walkers, crutches, canes, and wheelchairs. It has been postulated that UEAs may be at increased risk for complications following shoulder arthroplasty. This study aimed to systematically review the literature related to (1) patient-reported outcomes measures (PROMs), (2) functional outcomes, and (3) complications in UEAs who undergo shoulder arthroplasty.

Evaluating ChatGPT's Ability to Answer Common Patient Questions Regarding Hip Fracture.

Introduction: ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence chatbot software programmed for conversational applications using reinforcement learning techniques. With its growing popularity and overall versatility, it is likely that ChatGPT's applications will expand into health care especially because it relates to patients researching their injuries. The purpose of this study was to investigate ChatGPT's ability to accurately answer frequently asked questions regarding hip fractures.

Utilizing Video-Assisted Retroperitoneal Debridement for Retroperitoneal Abscess Following Penetrating Trauma.

Retroperitoneal abscess as a sequela of penetrating trauma can pose a difficult clinical scenario for surgeons and literature to inform decision making is sparse. It is logical to follow a "step-up" approach applied to other etiologies of infected retroperitoneal fluid collections, such as infected pancreatic necrosis and perinephric abscess. Video-assisted retroperitoneal debridement (VARD) is a well-established approach in infected pancreatic necrosis when surgical debridement is warranted.

Mapping chromatin state and transcriptional response in CIC-DUX4 undifferentiated round cell sarcoma.

Unlabelled: CIC-DUX4 is a rare and understudied transcription factor fusion oncoprotein. CIC-DUX4 co-opts native gene targets to drive a lethal form of human sarcoma. The molecular underpinnings that lead to oncogenic reprograming and CIC-DUX4 sarcomagenesis remain largely undefined.

Distribution, reactivity and vertical fluxes of methane in the Guadalquivir Estuary (SW Spain).

The influence of temperature, salinity, sediment-water-atmosphere exchanges and oxidation rate on the variability of methane (CH) in the Guadalquivir Estuary has been studied. The database corresponds to 3 intensive samplings carried out in summer (2021 and 2022) and winter (2022). An increase in CH concentration towards the interior of the estuary has been observed, more intense during summer (19-371 nmol L).

Promotores' perspectives on the virtual adaptation of a hereditary breast cancer education program.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women in the United States (U.S.) and the leading cause of cancer related death among U.

Greenhouse gas assemblages (CO, CH and NO) in the continental shelf of the Gulf of Cadiz (SW Iberian Peninsula).

This study examines the simultaneous water-atmosphere exchange of carbon dioxide (CO), methane (CH) and nitrous oxide (NO) on the continental shelf of the Gulf of Cadiz, as well as the effect it has in terms of the radiative balance in the atmosphere, between 2014 and 2016. The experimental database consists of new measurements of the spatial and seasonal distribution of CO partial pressure (pCO) and NO concentration in 2016. pCO shows a wide range of variation influenced mainly by seasonal thermal variations (8.

Six-Week Radiographic Follow-up Does Not Change Management for Nonoperatively Treated Extraarticular Metacarpal Shaft Fractures.

Background: Metacarpal fractures are common and account for over 30% of all hand fractures. Previous literature has shown similar outcomes between operative and nonoperative management of metacarpal shaft fractures. There is little information regarding the natural history of conservatively managed metacarpal shaft fractures and changes in management based on follow-up radiographs.

Characterization of Biodegradable Films Made from Taro Peel () Starch.

Studies of renewable polymers have highlighted starch’s role to replace petroleum-based components to produce biodegradable films with plastic-like qualities. In this study, the novelty of taro peel starch (TPS) to produce such films using the casting technique is reported for the first time. A response surface method (RSM) approach was employed to optimize different concentrations of TPS (2.

Effectiveness of Goal-Directed and Outcome-Based Financial Incentives for Weight Loss in Primary Care Patients With Obesity Living in Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Neighborhoods: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Financial incentives for weight management may increase use of evidence-based strategies while addressing obesity-related economic disparities in low-income populations.

Objective: To examine the effects of 2 financial incentive strategies developed using behavioral economic theory when added to provision of weight management resources.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Three-group, randomized clinical trial conducted from November 2017 to May 2021 at 3 hospital-based clinics in New York City, New York, and Los Angeles, California.

The co-deletion underlies fusion-independent activation of ETS family member, ETV1, to drive prostate cancer progression.

Human prostate cancer can result from chromosomal rearrangements that lead to aberrant ETS gene expression. The mechanisms that lead to fusion-independent ETS factor upregulation and prostate oncogenesis remain relatively unknown. Here, we show that two neighboring transcription factors, Capicua () and ETS2 repressor factor (), which are co-deleted in human prostate tumors can drive prostate oncogenesis.

Capicua suppresses YAP1 to limit tumorigenesis and maintain drug sensitivity in human cancer.

Inactivation of Capicua (CIC) or upregulation of yes-associated protein 1, YAP1, leads to broad RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK inhibitor resistance and tumor progression in multiple human cancers. Despite these shared malignant phenotypes, it remains unclear whether CIC and YAP1 are mechanistically linked. Here, we show that the ERK-regulated transcription factor CIC can directly repress YAP1 expression through non-consensus GGAAGGAA DNA-binding motifs in a proximal YAP1 regulatory element.

Regulatory Consideration for the Nonclinical Safety Assessment of Gene Therapies.

The nonclinical safety assessments for gene therapies are evolving, leveraging over 20 years of experimental and clinical experience. Despite the growing experience with these therapeutics, there are no approved harmonized global regulatory documents for developing gene therapies with only the ICH (International Council for Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use) S12 guidance on nonclinical biodistribution currently under discussion. Several health authorities have issued guidance over the last 15 years on the nonclinical safety aspects for gene therapy products, but many of the recommendations are limited to high-level concepts on nonclinical safety aspects or altogether silent on key topics.