Oral status, sense of coherence, religious-spiritual coping, socio-economic characteristics, and quality of life in young patients.

Background: Several factors can influence the oral health.

Aim: To explore the clinical factors, individual characteristics, and environmental factors (religious-spiritual coping-RSC, sense of coherence [SOC], and socio-economic status) related to oral status and impact on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of children/adolescents (C/A).

Design: This study evaluated C/A up to 15 years old and their caregivers.

Prosthetic rehabilitation of a child with X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia: a case report and 12-month follow-up.

The hereditary condition known as ectodermal dysplasia (ED) is characterized by the absence of or a defect in 2 or more ectodermally derived structures such as skin, nails, hair, sweat glands, or teeth. Patients with this disorder usually present with reduced salivary gland function and absence of some or all teeth, which compromises orofacial function and development. In addition, children with ED usually experience difficulty in social interactions because of their appearance.

Accuracy of visual and image-based ICDAS criteria compared with a micro-CT gold standard for caries detection on occlusal surfaces.

The aim of this study was to check the in vitro accuracy of ICDAS criteria on digital images compared to visual examination for the diagnosis of occlusal caries against a micro-CT gold standard. ICDAS was scored in 40 extracted permanent molars by means of visual inspection and stereomicroscopic images. Visual examinations were performed in duplicate and at a one-week interval by three different calibrated examiners.

Effect of the Inclusion Nanocomplex Formed of Titanium Tetrafluoride and β-Cyclodextrin on Enamel Remineralization.

Objective: Titanium tetrafluoride (TiF) is a topical agent used in the control of dental caries; however, it is highly acidic. To minimize this effect, cyclodextrins (CDs) are used. This study evaluated the potential of TiF and β-CD on remineralization.

Perceptions regarding the occurrence and prevention of orofacial injuries during general anesthesia.

Orofacial trauma can occur during general anesthesia. Protective measures should be taken to prevent or minimize such injuries. We evaluated perceptions regarding the occurrence and prevention of orofacial injuries during general anesthesia among 74 professionals who perform this procedure.

Effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy use on oral manifestations in pediatric patients infected with HIV.

Aims: The aim was to assess the prevalence of oral lesions in HIV-infected children undergoing highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART), and the association between the duration of HAART usage and oral lesions.

Subjects And Methods: Totally, 111 medical and dental records of HIV-infected children, aged from 2 to 16 years old were reviewed for medical data, presence of oral lesions, and caries prevalence. According to the type of medication, the children were grouped as follows: 51 were under HAART (G1), 46 were using anti-retroviral medication (G2), and 14 were using no medication (G3).

Reliability analysis of two methods for measuring active enamel demineralization: An in vitro study.

Objective: The aim was to evaluate the intra- and inter-examiner reliability of two methods, namely, digital caliper [DC] and computerized image analysis software (Image Tool [IT] version 4.1) for measuring the area of an active enamel demineralization lesion. The effect on that measurement of a window that delimits the lesion was also assessed.

Characterization of a new TiF(4) and β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex and its in vitro evaluation on inhibiting enamel demineralization.

Titanium tetrafluoride (TiF(4)) is an effective but instable caries preventive agent. As the stability problems could be minimized through the use of drug carriers this study aimed to prepare and characterize a new TiF(4) nanoinclusion complex and to evaluate its potential in inhibiting enamel demineralization under pH cycling conditions. The TiF(4) nanosystems were prepared using β-cyclodextrin (βCD) and sodium montmorillonite (MMTNa).

In vivo effect of titanium tetrafluoride and sodium monofluorophosphate dentifrice on remineralization: a preliminary split-mouth clinical trial.

The aim of this preliminary, split-mouth clinical trial was to evaluate how incipient carious lesions on permanent tooth enamel were affected by 4% titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4) when used with a sodium monofluorophosphate (MFP) dentifrice. Eight children were selected for this study, providing 18 pairs of permanent anterior teeth with incipient carious lesions. TiF4 was applied once to half of the sample teeth, while all teeth were brushed with the MFP dentifrice for four weeks.

Adverse effects associated with the clinical use of 4% TiF₄ on teeth enamel: case report.

Titanium tetrafluoride (TiF₄) has been studied in dentistry as a promissory alternative for prevention and treatment of carious lesions. However, there are few in vivo studies concerning the consequences of its use on tooth enamel. The goal of this study was to report the effects of a 4% TiF₄ application on the remineralization of an incipient carious lesion of a permanent tooth.

Long-term clinical performance of aesthetic restorations in primary molars: a case report.

There is a great diversity of restorative materials and techniques for deciduous molars with significant coronal destruction, including resin composite restorations and biologic restorations (portions of natural teeth). By using 4 evaluation methods, this study aimed at longitudinally evaluating the effectiveness of restorations in the deciduous molars of a patient having high caries activity, using adhesive techniques. The evaluation methods consisted of the fibre-optic transillumination method, clinical evaluation based on the United States Public Health Service criteria, radiographs, and an indirect method, scanning electron microscopy.

Oral Candida colonization and its relation with predisposing factors in HIV-infected children and their uninfected siblings in Brazil: the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy.

Objectives: To evaluate predisposing factors such as orofacial manifestations, immunosuppression status and antiretroviral therapy in relation to oral colonization by Candida spp. in Brazilian HIV-infected children and their uninfected siblings in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).

Methods: Whole stimulated saliva was collected from 65 HIV-infected children (HIV+) and 40 uninfected siblings (HIV-), followed by assessment of orofacial manifestation, caries indexes and the number of cavitated dentinal carious teeth (CDT).

Levels of salivary IgA antibodies to Candida spp. in HIV-infected adult patients: a systematic review.

Objective: To perform a systematic review of published data with the aim of evaluating the levels of IgA antibodies to Candida albicans in HIV-infected adult patients.

Methods: The search strategy was based on PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Cochrane and EMBASE databases. Also, the reference lists of included studies were searched.

Associations among the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy, oral candidiasis, oral Candida species and salivary immunoglobulin A in HIV-infected children.

Objectives: The aim was to examine the impact of antiretroviral therapy on the prevalence of oral candidiasis, recovery of oral Candida spp. , and salivary levels of total secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) and Candida-specific SIgA in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children.

Study Design: Sixty-six HIV+ and 40 HIV- children were cross-sectionally examined for the presence of oral lesions.

Cessation of dental development in a child with idiopathic hypoparathyroidism: a 5-year follow-up.

Idiopathic hypoparathyroidism is a rare endocrinopathy whose origin is unknown, and which is characterized by a deficiency of parathyroid hormone causing low serum calcium and high serum phosphorus concentrations. Disorders of ectodermal tissues are common in this pathology, and enamel hypoplasia is the most frequently found dental pathology. This article describes the case of a 9-year-old child with hypoparathyroidism that had gone undiagnosed for 6 years.

Pyknodysostosis: oral findings and differential diagnosis.

Pyknodysostosis is a rare, genetic, autosomal recessive condition characterized by short stature, generalized bone sclerosis, and oral manifestations such as maxillary atresia and an increase of the mandibular angle. The main purpose of this article was to report a case of pyknodysostosis, describing the characteristic orofacial findings of the disease and discussing the differential diagnosis.

Cariogenic and erosive potential of the medication used by HIV-infected children: pH and sugar concentration.

Objective: The aim of this work was to analyze pH and sugar concentration in seven antiretroviral and three antibacterial medications frequently prescribed to HIV infected paediatric patients.

Method: Sugars (sucrose, glucose, lactose and fructose) and pH were measured from every one of ten medications with different serial numbers in two samples. The pH was determined by a previously calibrated digital pHmeter (Beckman).

Examining dentinal carious lesions as a predisposing factor for the oral prevalence of Candida spp in HIV-infected children.

Purpose: The aims of this study were to verify the oral prevalence of Candida spp in HIV-infected children, and investigate the association between Candida colonization and dentinal caries lesions.

Methods: Whole stimulated saliva was collected from 62 HIV-infected children (group 1) and 40 seronegative siblings (group 2), followed by oral examination to determine: dmft/dmfs scores, DMFT/DMFS scores, the number of dentinal carious teeth (D+) and the presence of oral candidiasis. The salivary samples were cultured, and plates with positive isolation (G+) were classified as mild growth, moderate growth, and strong growth.

Ectopic eruption of the maxillary central permanent incisors and mandibular first permanent molars: report of an unusual case.

Ectopic eruption is a disturbance in which the tooth does not follow its usual course. Among its more important etiologic factors are macrodontism, shortened arch length, posterior positioning of the maxilla, atypical eruption angle, and genetic factors. This article reports a rare case of ectopic eruption of 4 permanent teeth, maxillary central incisors and mandibular first molars, in a child aged 7 years and 11 months, in which the treatment consisted of extracting the maxillary primary central incisors and making an orthodontic intervention on the mandibular arch.

Sweetened medicines and hospitalization: caries risk factors in children with and without special needs.

Aim: This was to evaluate caries risk factors: medicine consumption level, oral hygiene frequency and oral hygiene habits during hospitalization of children with and without special needs.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out using a pre-tested form, interviews were conducted with guardians of children with (G1-116) and without special needs (G2-86), from a public day nursery in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil).

Results: Average use of medications was at 21.

Multidisciplinary therapy for treating sequelae of trauma in primary teeth: 11 years of follow-up and maintenance.

This article reports a case of root dilaceration and enamel hypoplasia in permanent maxillary incisors resulting from acute trauma in the primary dentition and the multidisciplinary treatment provided during 11 years of follow-up.

Green pigmentation of deciduous teeth: report of two cases.

The purpose of this paper was to present 2 cases of green pigmentation in primary teeth caused by hyperbilirubinemia, from different pathologies during the neonatal period. Medical history revealed systemic problems during the neonatal period of an infectious, neurological, renal, respiratory, and cardiological nature, as well as a high amount of bilirubin in both cases and hepatitis in the first. The staining in the teeth was due to hyperbilirubinemia, caused by these systemic conditions.

Oral health profile of education and health professionals attending handicapped children.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes toward oral health of education and health professionals working in a children care program for handicapped children from 0 to 6 years of age, run by a public municipal institution in Rio de Janeiro. Using a printed questionnaire, 67 professionals (teachers, attendants and health professionals) were interviewed. The results were compared to the children's oral hygiene habits, by directly observing their daily nursery routine.