Role of muscle mass in the association between handgrip strength and blood pressure in children and adolescents.

Studies have reported conflicting results on the association between handgrip strength (HGS) and blood pressure during childhood and adolescence. High multicollinearity involving somatic components that influence both HGS and blood pressure might be an important source of bias. This study sought to investigate the independent effects of HGS and muscle mass on blood pressure levels in children and adolescents.

Pediatric dyslipidemia is associated with increased urinary ACE activity, blood pressure values, and carotidal-femoral pulse wave velocity.

This study aimed to evaluate the enzymatic activity of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) in children and adolescents to investigate their relationship with dyslipidemia and other cardiometabolic alterations. Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure (BP), and fasting lipid concentrations were taken from 360 subjects. Categorization was done according to the levels of each lipoprotein (total cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), LDL-C, HDL-C, and non-HDL-C) into three groups: normolipidemic (NL), borderline (BL), and dyslipidemic (DL).

Association of sun exposure and seasonality with vitamin D levels in Brazilian children and adolescents.

Objective: This study aimed to verify vitamin D concentration in children and adolescents during the seasons of the year and to compare vitamin D concentration between children engaged in outdoor activities and those engaged in indoor activities.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with a sample of 708 children and adolescents (aged 6-18 years), excluding 109 (16 were over 19 years old; 39 had a disease that required continuous treatment; 20 were on continuous medication; and 34 had no vitamin D data), ending with 599. The plasma concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 was measured with commercial kits following manufacturer instructions.

Sedentary Behavior, Dietary Habits, and Cardiometabolic Risk in Physically Active Children and Adolescents.

Background: Sedentary behavior has been associated with several cardiometabolic risk factors during childhood. However, little is known about the impact of sedentary behavior on the health and eating habits of physically active children and adolescents.

Objective: To evaluate the association between sedentary behavior and cardiometabolic risk factors and eating habits in physically active children and adolescents.

Association of uric acid with cardiovascular risk in Brazilian children and adolescents.

Background And Aim: Hyperuricemia in adults is associated with cardiovascular risk factors. However, there is less data regarding this association in children and adolescents. Our purpose was to determine association between serum uric acid (SUA) and cardiovascular risk.

Uric acid reference values: report on 1750 healthy Brazilian children and adolescents.

Background: Our purpose was to determine reference values and determinants of serum uric acid (SUA) in children and adolescents.

Methods: A fasting blood sample was collected from 1750 schoolchildren and adolescents (6-17 years). Puberty was defined according to the Tanner scale.

Influence of muscle mass on the serum uric acid levels in children and adolescents.

Background And Aim: Uric acid (UA) is an end-product of purine catabolism and its increase in blood is a risk factor for several diseases. UA levels in men are usually higher than in women. This difference is partially due to sex hormones.

Relationship between body composition and dyslipidemia in children and adolescentes.

We studied the relationship between different anthropometric indexes and plasma lipids. Data were collected from 2014 to 2016 in 854 schoolchildren (6-18 years). Waist circumference (WC), body fat percentage (BFP) by bioimpedance, body mass index (BMI), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were measured.

Static cut-points of hypertension and increased arterial stiffness in children and adolescents: The International Childhood Vascular Function Evaluation Consortium.

Pediatric elevated blood pressure (BP) and hypertension are usually defined using traditional BP tables at the 90th and 95th percentiles, respectively, based on sex, age, and height, which are cumbersome to use in clinical practice. The authors aimed to assess the performance of the static cut-points (120/80 mm Hg and 130/80 mm Hg for defining elevated BP and hypertension for adolescents, respectively; and 110/70 mm Hg and 120/80 mm Hg for children, respectively) in predicting increased arterial stiffness. Using data from five population-based cross-sectional studies conducted in Brazil, China, Korea, and New Zealand, a total of 2546 children and adolescents aged 6-17 years were included.

Ponderal index classifies obesity in children and adolescents more accurately than body mass index z-scores.

Background: We aimed to compare the accuracy of the ponderal index (PI) vs. BMI-for-age z-scores transformed (BMIz) in estimating body fat levels and classifying obesity in children and adolescents from a Brazilian urban population.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with 1149 participants (53.

Lipid disorders among Black Africans non-users of lipid-lowering medication.

Objective: Angola is a sub-Saharan African country where the population has scarce access to lipidlowering medication. We sought to determine the frequency of lipid disorders among Angolan nonusers of lipid-lowering medication.

Material And Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in a sample of 604 workers from the public sector.

Body fat percentage is better than indicators of weight status to identify children and adolescents with unfavorable lipid profile.

Objective: To assess whether the indicators of weight status body mass index and waist-to-height ratio are similar to body fat percentage to identify obese children and adolescents with unfavorable lipid profile.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving 840 children and adolescents (6-18 years). The same individuals were classified as non-obese ( View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Ethnicity and arterial stiffness in children and adolescents from a Brazilian population.

Background: Increased stiffness of large arteries is an important determinant of cardiovascular disease risk. Higher values of arterial stiffness measured by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) have been measured in adult African-Americans compared with whites. Studies assessing ethnic differences in cf-PWV among children and adolescents are scarce.