PHARMACOKINETICS OF METRONIDAZOLE IN GREEN (), LOGGERHEAD (), AND KEMP'S RIDLEY () SEA TURTLES AFTER SINGLE ORAL AND INTRAVENOUS DOSES.

Currently there are few antibacterial dosage regimens established to be safe and effective for sea turtles. Pharmacokinetic evaluation of antibiotics is an essential step in establishing accurate dosage guidelines for a particular species. Metronidazole is an antibiotic that is effective against anaerobic bacteria and some protozoa.

The pore-forming apolipoprotein APOL7C drives phagosomal rupture and antigen cross-presentation by dendritic cells.

Conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) generate protective cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses against extracellular pathogens and tumors. This is achieved through a process known as cross-presentation (XP), and, despite its biological importance, the mechanism(s) driving XP remains unclear. Here, we show that a cDC-specific pore-forming protein called apolipoprotein L 7C (APOL7C) is up-regulated in response to innate immune stimuli and is recruited to phagosomes.

Evaluation of a Structured Light Scanner for 3D Facial Imaging: A Comparative Study with Direct Anthropometry.

This study evaluates the accuracy and repeatability of craniofacial measurements with a 3D light scanner, specifically the EINSTAR scanner, in comparison to traditional caliper measurements for facial anthropometry. Eleven volunteers were assessed by two examiners, one experienced and one inexperienced, who performed direct caliper measurements and indirect measurements using the scanner. Results indicated minimal differences between caliper and scanner results, with overall high accuracy and reliability demonstrated by correlation coefficients.

Antimicrobial efficacy of sodium hypochlorite and hyper-pure chlorine dioxide in the depth of dentin tubules in vitro.

Objectives: The study aimed to compare the antibacterial effect of a novel disinfectant, hyper-pure chlorine dioxide (hClO) to sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) in various depths of dentin tubules.

Materials And Methods: The distal root of the extracted lower molars was infected artificially with Enterococcus faecalis. The control group was rinsed with saline, and the test groups were irrigated with either 5% NaOCl or 0.

Public response to government alerts saves lives during Russian invasion of Ukraine.

War is the cause of tremendous human suffering. To reduce such harm, governments have developed tools to alert civilians of imminent threats. Whether these systems are effective remains largely unknown.

De Novo Asp219Val Mutation in Cardiac Tropomyosin Associated with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), caused by mutations in thin filament proteins, manifests as moderate cardiac hypertrophy and is associated with sudden cardiac death (SCD). We identified a new de novo variant, c.656A>T (p.

Different Phenotypes of Sarcomeric -Cardiomyopathy in the Same Family: Hypertrophic, Left Ventricular Noncompaction and Restrictive Phenotypes (in Association with Sarcoidosis).

The same variants in sarcomeric genes can lead to different cardiomyopathies within the same family. This gave rise to the concept of a continuum of sarcomeric cardiomyopathies. However, the manifestations and evolution of these cardiomyopathies in pathogenic variant carriers, including members of the same family, remains poorly understood.

Variable Clinical Appearance of the Kir2.1 Rare Variants in Russian Patients with Long QT Syndrome.

Background: The gene encodes inward rectifier Kir2.1 channels, maintaining resting potential and cell excitability. Presumably, clinical phenotypes of mutation carriers correlate with ion permeability defects.

Health Intelligence Atlas: A Core Tool for Public Health Intelligence.

Background: The dramatic increase in complexity and volume of health data has challenged traditional health systems to deliver useful information to their users. The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has further exacerbated this problem and demonstrated the critical need for the 21st century approach. This approach needs to ingest relevant, diverse data sources, analyze them, and generate appropriate health intelligence products that enable users to take more effective and efficient actions for their specific challenges.

Phagosomal F-Actin Retention by Cryptococcus gattii Induces Dendritic Cell Immunoparalysis.

is a major cause of life-threatening mycosis in immunocompetent individuals and responsible for the ongoing epidemic outbreak of cryptococcosis in the Pacific Northwest of North America. This deadly fungus is known to evade important host immune responses, including dendritic cell (DC) maturation and concomitant T cell immunity, via immune evasion mechanisms that remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that primary human DCs phagocytose but the maturation of phagosomes to phagolysosomes was blocked as a result of sustained filamentous actin (F-actin) that entrapped and concealed the phagosomes from recognition.

Compound heterozygous mutations in and in a patient with severe Andersen-Tawil syndrome.

Andersen-Tawil syndrome (ATS) is a rare channelopathy, sometimes referred to as long QT syndrome type 7. ATS is an autosomal dominant disease predominantly caused by mutations in the gene. Patients with ATS present with episodes of muscle weakness, arrythmias, including prolonged QT intervals, and various skeletal abnormalities.

The possible role of toxigenic fungi in ecotoxicity of two contrasting oil-contaminated soils - A field study.

Long-term field experiments were performed to evaluate the phytotoxic properties of fungal metabolites in oil-contaminated soil and to assess the impact of contamination on the allelopathic activity of soil mycobiota. Two contrasting soils of Northwest Russia (sandy and loamy podzols) exposed to oil contamination underwent changes in abundance and allelopathic activities of soil fungi. Shifts within the microbial community caused by oil contamination affected not only oil-decomposition rates but also ecotoxicity of contaminated soil.

New genetic variant in the SERPINC1 gene: hereditary Antithrombin deficiency case report, familial thrombosis and considerations on genetic counseling.

Background: Inherited deficiency of the antithrombin (hereditary antithrombin deficiency, AT deficiency, OMIM #613118) is a relatively rare (1:2000-3000) autosomal-dominant disorder with high risk of venous thromboembolism. Mutations in the serpin family C member 1 gene (SERPINC1) can lead to Quantitative (type I) and Qualitative (type II) types of antithrombin deficiency. We describe a new genetic variant in the SERPINC1 gene and our approach to variant interpretation.

Common pathogenic mechanism in patients with dropped head syndrome caused by different mutations in the MYH7 gene.

Mutations in the MYH7 gene are the source of an allelic series of diseases, including various cardiomyopathies and skeletal myopathies that usually manifest in adulthood. We observed a 1.5 y.

MS4A4A: a novel cell surface marker for M2 macrophages and plasma cells.

MS4A4A is a member of the membrane-spanning, four domain family, subfamily A (MS4A) that includes CD20 (MS4A1), FcRβ (MS4A2) and Htm4 (MS4A3). Like the first three members of this family, transcription of MS4A4A appears to be limited to hematopoietic cells. To evaluate expression of the MS4A4A protein in hematopoietic cell lineages and subsets we generated monoclonal antibodies against extracellular epitopes for use in flow cytometry.

[Myocardial Crypt of the Left Ventricle Combined With Barlows syndrome].

Myocardial crypts were initially described in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Modern diagnostic data show that this structural abnormality can be found in patients with other diseases, or might represent the variant of normal heart development in healthy individuals. The prognostic significance of this finding is uncertain.

USP15 regulates type I interferon response and is required for pathogenesis of neuroinflammation.

Genes and pathways in which inactivation dampens tissue inflammation present new opportunities for understanding the pathogenesis of common human inflammatory diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis. We identified a mutation in the gene encoding the deubiquitination enzyme USP15 (Usp15) that protected mice against both experimental cerebral malaria (ECM) induced by Plasmodium berghei and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Combining immunophenotyping and RNA sequencing in brain (ECM) and spinal cord (EAE) revealed that Usp15-associated resistance to neuroinflammation was linked to dampened type I interferon responses in situ.

GABA transport and neuroinflammation are coupled in multiple sclerosis: regulation of the GABA transporter-2 by ganaxolone.

Interactions between neurotransmitters and the immune system represent new prospects for understanding neuroinflammation and associated neurological disease. GABA is the chief inhibitory neurotransmitter but its actions on immune pathways in the brain are unclear. In the present study, we investigated GABAergic transport in conjunction with neuroinflammation in models of multiple sclerosis (MS).

Effect of large colon ischemia and reperfusion on concentrations of calprotectin and other clinicopathologic variables in jugular and colonic venous blood in horses.

Objective: To determine the effect of large colon ischemia and reperfusion on concentrations of the inflammatory neutrophilic protein calprotectin and other clinicopathologic variables in jugular and colonic venous blood in horses.

Animals: 6 healthy horses.

Procedures: Horses were anesthetized, and ischemia was induced for 1 hour followed by 4 hours of reperfusion in a segment of the pelvic flexure of the large colon.

Synthesis, enzyme kinetics and computational evaluation of N-(β-D-glucopyranosyl) oxadiazolecarboxamides as glycogen phosphorylase inhibitors.

All possible isomers of N-β-D-glucopyranosyl aryl-substituted oxadiazolecarboxamides were synthesised. O-Peracetylated N-cyanocarbonyl-β-D-glucopyranosylamine was transformed into the corresponding N-glucosyl tetrazole-5-carboxamide, which upon acylation gave N-glucosyl 5-aryl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-carboxamides. The nitrile group of the N-cyanocarbonyl derivative was converted to amidoxime which was ring closed by acylation to N-glucosyl 5-aryl-1,2,4-oxadiazole-3-carboxamides.