The frequency of clinical pregnancy and implantation rate after cultivation of embryos in a medium with granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in patients with preceding failed attempts of ART.

The application in IVF practice of modern techniques can improve positive outcome of each cycle in the assisted reproductive technology (ART) programs and the effectiveness of treatment as a whole. There are embryos in the female reproductive tract in physiological medium which contain various cytokines and growth factors. It plays an important role in the regulation of normal embryonic development, improve implantation and subsequently optimizing the development of the fetus and the placenta.

[Effects of individual and combined administration of ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate and ischemic preconditioning on ischemic-reperfusive myocardial injury in rats].

It was shown previously that ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate (EMHPS) can produce metabolic cardioprotective action due to its antihypoxant and antioxidant properties. In the present study, the cardioprotective effects of EMHPS administered in doses 50 and 100 mg/kg alone and in combination with ischemic preconditioning have been studied on the model of ischemic-reperfusive myocardial infarction in rats. It is established that both the administration of EMHPS in a dose 50 mg/kg and the ischemic preconditioning produce significant limitation of the infarction size.

[The effects of modulation of cardiac metabolism and antioxidant state on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury].

The effects of mexicor (ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate) at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg on myocardial infarct size, serum levels of myocardial markers, and severity of ischemia- and reperfusion-induced arrhythmias were studied in the rat model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. It was shown that pre-ischemic intravenous infusion of mexicor at a dose of 50 mg/kg resulted in significant reduction of myocardial infarct size and troponin I level. When the dose of mexicor was increased up to 100 mg/kg the infarct-limiting effect was reversed.

[Effect of mexicor on oxidative stress in acute myocardial infarction].

Mexicor (5% solution and capsules) was used in 40 of 80 conventionally treated patients with acute myocardial infarction. The drug was given intravenously for 5 days, than intramuscularly (6-9 mg/kg) for 9 days and orally (0.1 mg t.

[Urapidil effects on oxidative stress in hypertensive crises].

Urapidil effects on oxidant stress were studied in 36 patients with hypertension stage I-III running with crises. Acute hypertensive crisis was managed by intravenous injections of urapidil (20-50 mg) for 5 min. After that for a week they received urapidil monotherapy followed by combined treatment for another week (quinapril--25 mg/day or ramipril--5-10 mg/day in combination with hypothiaside--25 mg/day; lokren--20 mg/day or atenolol--50-100 mg/day and diltiazem--180-360 mg/day) to stabilize arterial pressure finally.

[The efficacy of emoxipin and neoton in unstable stenocardia].

55 patients with unstable angina pectoris (group 1) received conventional treatment and neoton infusions (30 g/day for 3 days). Emoxipin was injected intramuscularly to 20 patients of group 2 (3 mg/kg for 20 days) and intravenously to 38 patients of group 3 (10 mg/kg). Control group consisted of 100 patients.

[Emoxipin in reperfusion of ischemic myocardium in dogs: effects on infarct size and plasma creatine kinase activity].

The effects of synthetic antioxidant emoxypine on infarct size and plasma creatine kinase (CK) activity was studied on open-chest anesthetized dogs with 180-min myocardial ischemia followed by reperfusion. Emoxypine (10 and 40 mg/kg) was injected intravenously, beginning since 120th min of coronary artery occlusion. Emoxypine (10 mg/kg) resulted in infarct size limitation and reduction in plasma CK activity.

Pharmacologic modifications of reperfusion arrhythmias in the dog in vivo: possible relation to limitation of the extent of infarction.

To study the effects of pharmacologic interventions on reperfusion-induced arrhythmias, open chest anesthetized dogs were subjected to occlusion of a coronary artery for 3 hours followed by reperfusion for 3 hours. Electrocardiograms were recorded with a two-channel monitor with the subsequent recordings submitted to computer-assisted analysis. The extent of myocardial infarction was measured by staining with triphenyl tetrazolium chloride.

[Antioxidant emoxipin: its effect on the formation of a necrotic focus and reparative processes in myocardial infarction].

The effect of the water soluble antioxidant emoxipin given intravenously in a dose of 10 mg/kg for 5 days, then intramuscularly 1 mg/kg for 15 days. Comparison with the values found in the control group of patients with myocardial infarction revealed that emoxipin contributed to limitation of the size of a necrotic focus and accelerated reparative processes, whose result was a lower incidence of circulatory failure. One of the main mechanisms responsible for beneficial effects of emoxipin on the clinical course of myocardial infarction consists in normalization of lipid peroxidation and parameters of the antioxidative status.

[Effects of transcranial electrostimulation of the opioid systems on reparative processes in patients with myocardial infarct].

Sixty three patients with primary excessive myocardial infarction (MI) were examined. Transcranial electric stimulation (TES) was demonstrated to contribute to more rapid formation of a postinfarction scar, development of compensatory hypertrophy of the preserved myocardium, and improvement of cardiac contractility. TES-induced activation of the endogenous opioid system was found to be one of the mechanisms responsible for stimulation of reparative processes in patients with MI.

[The use of dibunol for stimulating reparative processes in the cardiac muscle in myocardial infarct in rats].

The effects of dibunol (30 mg/kg) and inosie-F (40 mg/kg) on the cardiac muscle reparation were studied on 162 coronary artery ligated rats. The long-term administration (30 days) both of dibunol and inosie-F increased the rate of collagen synthesis in the infarction area. Dibunol averted the development of the left ventricular pump failure, while inosie-F didn't prevent the postinfarction depression of cardiac contractility.

[Lipid peroxidation and the major factors of its activation in patients with myocardial infarction].

A dynamic study of 97 patients with primary macrofocal myocardial infarction (MI) has demonstrated that activated lipid peroxidation (LPO) is an important pathogenetic element of MI, with LPO level reflecting major stages of the disease and its complications. In acute MI, LPO activation depends on the magnitude of the stress syndrome and the severity of arterial hypoxia and is mediated by gas exchange disorders in the pulmonary circulation network. The passage of LPO products from ischemized myocardium to systemic circulation is also of significance.

[The pathogenesis of heart rupture in myocardial infarct].

Examination of 166 patients with primary transmural myocardial infarction (MI) of the anterior site has shown that the blood of MI patients (n = 34) complicated by cardiorrhexis manifests the maximal increase of the stress reaction components, lipid peroxidation products and an appreciable lowering of the content of adaptogens. It is emphasized that the development of the maladaptation syndrome underlies the pathogenesis of cardiorrhexis during MI as the result of the failure of the compensatory-adaptive potentialities of the body in response to the excessive stress reaction. It has been discovered that the high rise of the ST segment on the ECG and pronounced arterial hypoxemia are informative indicators mirroring the high probability of cardiorrhexis occurrence in MI patients.

[Diagnosis and prevention of myocardial reperfusion injury in experimental myocardial infarction].

In an experimental study in 69 dogs with the occluded anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery, dibunol, an antioxidant, and isoptin, a Ca2+ antagonist reduced myocardial infarction area, prolonged survival time and brought down mortality rate, in spite of an increase in reperfusion-related arrhythmias. The value of various electrocardiographic parameters for the diagnosis of ischemized-myocardium reperfusion and the severity of reperfusion-related heart damage in relation to the type of preventive medication, as compared to postmortem findings, are discussed.

[Stimulation of reparative processes in myocardial infarction: comparative evaluation of the effects of piracetam and inosine].

A study of 102 patients with primary macrofocal myocardial infarction, admitted to hospital within the first 6 hours after the onset of the disease, and experimental evidence obtained in 110 Wistar rats are reported. In a control group of myocardial infarction patients, collagen synthesis was depressed in the presence of the activation of free-radical lipid oxidation and circulatory hypoxia. Piracetam and inosine treatment was associated with the inhibition of free-radical lipid oxidation and a reduction of hypoxia, those being accompanied by increased collagenogenesis and accelerated postinfarction scar formation.

[Effect of dibunol and isoptin on the creatine kinase and myoglobin content of the blood serum in dogs undergoing postischemic coronary reperfusion].

The effect of an antioxidant dibunol and calcium antagonist verapamil on postperfusion release of myoglobin (Mb) and MB-creatine kinase (MB-CK) has been assessed in 30 dogs with experimental coronary occlusive myocardial infarction. It has been shown that reperfusion after 3-hour ischemia does not only accelerate the release of intracellular proteins, but also leads to pronounced myoglobinemia and blood enzymes. In postischemic blood flow recovery with combined dibunol and verapamil preliminary injections, an almost threefold decrease in MB-CK and Mb blood content, as compared to "reperfusion" indexes, was observed by the 10th minute of reperfusion.

[Prevention of myocardial damage during reperfusion of the coronary artery in dogs using dibunol combined with verapamil].

An experimental study in 69 dogs examined the effect of isolated and combined use of dibunol and verapamil (isoptin) on the course of reperfusion of ischemized myocardium after 180 minutes' coronary occlusion. Verapamil alone had no protective effect on reperfused myocardium, whereas dibunol, and particularly its combination with verapamil, essentially limited the size of necrosis, reduced plasma CPK activity and animal mortality rate and maintained ultrastructural integrity of cardiomyocytes, which was accompanied by a decrease of plasma lipid peroxidation products and a stabilization of cardiomyocyte sarcolemma. The significance of membrane damage and uncontrolled calcium entrance into cardiomyocytes for the mechanism of myocardial damage at the recovery of coronary circulation is discussed.

[Rate of development and the size of the necrotic focus in patients with myocardial infarct treated by intracoronary thrombolysis].

Streptokinase intracoronary thrombolytic therapy (ITT) was given to 68 of 135 patients with large-focal myocardial infarction (MI) admitted to hospital within 6 hours of the attack. Coronary flow was recovered in 31 MI patients. The size of the necrotic focus was assessed on the basis of precordial cartograms from 35 ECG leads and serial measurements of MB CPK activity.

[Effect of systemic thrombolytic therapy on necrotic focus formation in myocardial infarct patients].

The formation of the myocardial necrotic focus was assessed by precardial charting at 35 leads and the serial determination of CPK activity and MB fraction in 50 patients receiving the systemic thrombolytic therapy and 52 patients of the control group. Thrombolytic therapy initiated within the first 6 h of the disease was shown to facilitate the limitation of the extent of myocardial infarction through a more rapid stabilization of the necrotic focus. The calculated extent of myocardial infarction in patients treated with thrombolytic drugs was 37.

[1st attempt at using the antioxidant dibunol in the acute stage of a myocardial infarct].

Results of dibunol use in 31 patients with progressive myocardial infarction (MI) are presented. The effect of the drug was studied by precardial charting and serial determination of creatine phosphokinase activity, integral rheography and phase analysis of the cardial systole. It was established that in the acute phase of MI, dibunol significantly reduced the ischemic damage to the myocardium and limited the focus of necrosis.