Increase of pertussis cases in the Vallès region, Catalonia, Spain, September 2023 to April 2024.

We describe a pertussis outbreak in the Vallès region of Catalonia, from September 2023 to April 2024. Incidence was high in children aged 10-14 years compared with previous outbreaks. Limited impact in newborns could be explained by the high vaccination coverage during pregnancy and at 11 months of age in 2022, at 85% and 94.

The Influence of Preoperative Nutritional and Systemic Inflammatory Status on Perioperative Outcomes following Da Vinci Robot-Assisted Thoracic Lung Cancer Surgery.

Background: Nutrition is an important factor in the outcome of any disease process. We evaluated the relationship of nutritional status and inflammatory status of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients undergoing robotic-assisted thoracic surgery (RATS) with postoperative complications. Methods: This prospective cohort study included 107 NSCLC patients undergoing surgical treatment, between 2019 and 2021.

Suspected adverse events following immunization against SARS-CoV2 in a university hospital in 2021: Observational study.

Aim: Vaccination against SARS-CoV2 has been proposed as a fundamental element for the control of the pandemic. This study aimed to describe the suspected adverse reactions (ADR) reported by vaccinated hospital workers.

Methods: A descriptive study of suspected ADR was conducted between January and March 2021.

Consensus statements on the information to deliver after a febrile seizure.

Febrile seizures (FS) are usually self-limiting and cause no morbidity. Nevertheless they represent very traumatic events for families. There is a need to identify key messages that reassure carers and help to prevent inappropriate, anxiety-driven behaviors associated with "fever phobia.

Survival of patients with giant cell arteritis: a controversial issue.

Objectives: Epidemiologic studies differ regarding overall survival in giant cell arteritis (GCA). In this review we evaluated longevity and the impact of several disease parameters on survival of GCA patients.

Methods: Review of the medical literature during the period 1975-2018, using PubMed database.

[Biological role of fetuin A and its potential importance for prediction of cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus].

The authors' data and those from literature concerning biological role of fetuin A glycoprotein have been generalized in the article. A direct correlation has been established between fetuin A and some adipokines involved in the formation of insulin resistance and atherogenesis (progranulin, omentin-1), and osteoprotegerin (the novel cardiovascular risk factor) as well as an increase of circulating levels of fetuin A in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with high cardiovascular risk metabolic pattern but without manifestations of macrovascular complications. This substantiates the involvement of fetuin A in the complex of biomarkers of subclinical atherosclerosis.

[Q192R polymorphism of PON-1 gene in type 2 diabetic patients].

Polymorphism of PON-1 gene in 192 position of amino acid sequence of enzyme paraoxonase 1 was studied. For this research we have used the blood samples of 96 patients with T2DM and 123 healthy habitants of Kharkiv. Frequencies of alleles for the patients (pQ = 0,65, pR = 0,35) and the healthies (PQ = 0,70 and pR = 0,30) did not differentiate meaningfully.

[Single nucleotide polymorphism of +276 g > t adiponectin (APM1) gene in donors of Kharkiv population].

Polymorphism of adiponectine (APM1) gene in +276G > T position was studied. For this research we used blood samples of 103 donors (men/women: 65/38; 70 Ukrainian, 33 Russian) - habitants of Kharkiv. Frequencies of T and G alleles were pT = 0.

[Polymorphism of paraoxonase (PON-1) gene in Slavonic part of Kharkiv population].

Polymorphism of PON-1 gene in 192 position of amino acid sequence of enzyme paraoxonase 1 related to the synthesis of allozymes R or Q was studied. For this research we used blood samples of 109 donors (men/women: 78/31; 84 Ukrainian, 25 Russian)--habitants of Kharkiv. Frequency of Q and R alleles were pQ = 0.

[Effect of phensuccinal on lipid metabolism, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant system activity in rabbits with dithiazone-induced diabetes].

A three-month administration of phensuccinal improved glucose homeostasis, decreased the levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, fatty acids, and low-density lipoproteins in the blood serum, and reduced the lipid peroxidation rate as compared to the untreated diabetic control. In addition, phensuccinal increased the content of the antiatherogenic high-density lipoprotein fraction and the related paraoxonase enzyme activity. The preventive effect of phensuccinal with respect to diabetic dyslipidemia development, together with the antioxidant action, show this compound to be a promising therapeutic means of preventing and/or reducing macrovascular complications in diabetic patients.

Effect of phensuccinal on pancreatic beta-cells in rats with neonatally induced streptozotocin diabetes mellitus.

The effect of phensuccinal, a low-toxic succinic acid derivative, on the function of pancreatic beta-cells in the evolution of absolute insulin insufficiency was studied in rats with neonatally induced streptozotocin diabetes mellitus. Phensuccinal (25 mg/kg body weight) prevented disorders in the secretory response of beta-cells to glucose load at all stages of the study (2, 5, and 14 days after diabetes induction). This effect was realized via stimulation of the regenerative processes in the insulin-producing system of the pancreas and activation of the antioxidant system in diabetic animals.

Effect of fensuccinal on experimental insulin resistance.

The effects of new antioxidant fensuccinal on dexamethasone-induced insulin resistance in rats were studied. Oral administration of fensuccinal in a dose of 25 mg/kg for 2 weeks prevented basal hyperinsulinemia and insulin insensitivity of peripheral tissues. Fensuccinal also attenuated oxidative stress by decreasing the concentrations of primary and secondary lipid peroxidation products in liver homogenates.

[Effect of gene db dose on the development of beta-cytotropic and immunotropic effects of long-term glibenclamide administration in C57BL/KsJY mice].

The studies have revealed a modifying influence of gene db on the expressivity of damaging beta-cytotropic effect of long-term sulphanilamide therapy and on the development of autoimmune cell response to antigens of pancreatic islets. It is substantiated as promising to study a significance of individual genes and their doses in determining the variations of reactivity to beta-cytotropic and immunotropic effects of the chemical nature factors.

[Expression of the db (diabetes) gene in mice with hereditary load by generalized autoimmune pathology].

A model of genetically determinate diabetes mellitus in hybrid db/db mice with hereditary load by generalized autoimmune pathology has been described. The data on the character of hormonal-metabolic disturbances permit a conclusion on more serious course of diabetes mellitus in mice (C57Bl/Ks x NZB)F2 db/db as against (C57BL/Ks x NZW)F2 db/db, that is correlated with expression of autoimmune pathology in parent lines of New Zealand mice NZB and NZW. It is stated that diabetic syndrome in males proceeds in more serious form than in females.

[The effect of irradiation on the development of streptozotocin diabetes in C57BL/KsJY mice heterozygous and homozygous for gene db (diabetes)].

In experiments with C57BL/KsJY mice carrying a mutant db gene at the heterozygous and homozygous states it has been found that db+/+db mice are much more sensitive to gamma radiation with respect to the survival rate. In homozygotes, in contrast to heterozygotes, irradiation with a dose of 6 Gy does not reduce the severity of the diabetogenic effect of low doses of streptozotocin.

[The effect of glibenclamide on the spontaneous evolution of genetically determined diabetes mellitus in C57BL/KsJY db+/+db mice].

The study was carried out on 25 mice of the mutant C57BL/KsJY line carrying the autosomal-recessive gene db (diabetes) in the homozygous state with basal normo- and hyperglycemia by the beginning of the treatment with glybenclamide (the latent and manifest stages of insulin-independent diabetes mellitus). It was found that long-term oral administration of the drug in the therapeutic dose (20 micrograms per mice a day for 3-3.5 months) enhanced the genetically determined disturbances of glucose homeostasis and the insulin-producing apparatus of the pancreas irrespective of the stage of spontaneous diabetes genesis.

[Effect of mutant genes db(diabetes) and m(misty) on the severity of high-dose streptozotocin diabetes in C57bl/KsJY mice].

It is stated that high-dose streptozotocin diabetes is more serious in gene db-homozygous mice of mutant line C57BL/KsJY than in heterozygotes db +/+ m and mice M+/+m. Manifestation of spontaneous insulin-independent diabetes mellitus in homozygotes db decreases the level of hyperglycemic streptozotocin-induced reactions.

[Study of diabetogenic and lympholytic effects during single and fractional administration of streptozotocin to mice of the mutant strain C57BL/KsIY-db/m].

Single administration of streptozotocin at a dose of 200 mg/kg into mice males of the C57BL/KsJY db/m strain induced severe form of insulin-dependent diabetes within the earlier periods as compared with fractional injection of the drug (40 mg/kg daily within 5 days). Streptozotocin-induced diabetes, developed after single administration of the drug, caused pronounced destructions in lymphoid tissue, primarily in thymus as content of DNA was drastically decreased in the tissue and level of DNA breakdown products was increased. The lympholytic effect of streptozotocin was less distinct after fractional administration.

[The effect of long-term glibenclamide administration on pancreatic beta cells and on autoimmunity indices].

It was found that administration of glybenclamide in the therapeutic dose to rats exerts the damaging effect on insulin-producing apparatus of the pancreas (inhibition of the secretory reaction of beta-cells, disturbance of their morphological structure, decrease of glucose tolerance test), initiates the development of lymphocellular infiltration of islands (autoimmune insulitis), increases the level of antibodies to blood serum DNA. The inverse temporal dependence between the appearance and degree of diabetogenic effects of chronic sulfanylamide therapy and changes in autoimmunity (the latters are characteristic of earlier treatment with the drug) can be traced.

[Lateral modulation of the hypoglycemic action of insulin].

The results of the experimental investigation on 15 rabbits are presented here. Hypoglycemic action of the standard exogenic insulin dose strengthened after performing transcerebral lateral electrostimulation on the right side with the weak current impulse.

[Importance of db gene for the development of low dose streptozotocin diabetes in C57BL/KsJ mice].

The paper is concerned with some data on the effect of the diabetic gene (db) on mouse sensitivity to streptozotocin (SC). Male mice aged 2-3 mos. of mutant C57BL/KsJ strain (genotypes: m+/+m, db+/+m, db+/+db) were used for investigation.