Information sharing and seeking about nutrition-related complementary and alternative medicines in online forums for people affected by cancer: A content analysis of discussion threads.

Background: Online forums are a key source of information about complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) for people affected by cancer, especially when information needs are not met in healthcare settings. This study therefore investigated nutrition-related CAM information seeking and sharing in online forums for people affected by cancer.

Methods: This study was conducted in a major online platform that hosts over 10 forums for people affected by cancer and has more than 10,000 registered users.

: An ethnography of patients and families navigating palliative care in a resource-limited setting.

Background: The increase in non-communicable disease burdens and aging populations has led to a rise in the need for palliative care across settings. In resource-limited settings such as Indonesia, however, notably in rural areas, there is a lack of professional palliative care. Little is known about specific palliative care navigation, as previous studies have mostly focused on cancer care navigation.

Telecare that works: lessons on integrating digital technologies in elder care from Indian transnational families.

In recent decades, policy makers around the world have been working on implementing various technologies into healthcare, and the Covid19 pandemic fueled this process. The specialized technological solutions for telecare - the use of technologies for care at a distance - are often adopted by users in different ways than intended, or are abandoned if the users cannot find applications that are meaningful to them. However, beyond specialized healthcare technologies, people are incorporating mundane digital technologies into their (health)care practices.

Replication studies in the Netherlands: Lessons learned and recommendations for funders, publishers and editors, and universities.

Drawing on our experiences conducting replications we describe the lessons we learned about replication studies and formulate recommendations for researchers, policy makers, and funders about the role of replication in science and how it should be supported and funded. We first identify a variety of benefits of doing replication studies. Next, we argue that it is often necessary to improve aspects of the original study, even if that means deviating from the original protocol.

Modeling the Impact of Substituting Meat and Dairy Products with Plant-Based Alternatives on Nutrient Adequacy and Diet Quality.

Background: Novel plant-based meat and dairy alternatives are designed to mimic and replace animal-sourced products, yet their nutritional composition differs from traditional alternatives such as legumes and beans. The nutritional impacts of switching from animal-sourced to traditional or novel plant-based alternatives remains unclear.

Objectives: This study aimed to model the impact of partial and complete substitution of animal-sourced meat and dairy products with traditional or novel plant-based alternatives on diet quality and nutrient adequacy in a nationally representative sample of Australian adults.

Toward Sustainable Diets-Interventions and Perceptions Among Adolescents: A Scoping Review.

Adolescence is an important life stage during which shifts toward more healthy and sustainable diets can be promoted. Adolescents have increasing influence over their food choices, informed by their developing personal knowledge and values, affecting long-term dietary behaviors into adulthood. The recent literature regarding adolescents' (1) perceptions of environmentally sustainable diets and (2) interventions to support adolescents to eat sustainably was reviewed in this study.

Making things specific: towards an anthropology of everyday ethics in healthcare.

This paper is the English translation and adaptation of my inaugural lecture in Amsterdam for the Chair Anthropology of Everyday Ethics in Health Care. I argue that the challenges in health care may look daunting and unsolvable in their scale and complexity, but that it helps to consider these problems in their specificity, while accepting that some problems may not be solved but have become chronic. The paper provides reflections on how to develop a scientific approach that does not aim to eradicate bad things but explores ways in which to live with them.

Inflammatory potential of diet and mortality in Australian adults.

Objective: Inflammation is implicated in chronic diseases including cancer and CVD, which are major causes of mortality. Diet can influence inflammation status. We therefore examined whether the inflammatory potential of a person's diet is associated with mortality.

Ethical use of artificial intelligence to prevent sudden cardiac death: an interview study of patient perspectives.

Background: The emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine has prompted the development of numerous ethical guidelines, while the involvement of patients in the creation of these documents lags behind. As part of the European PROFID project we explore patient perspectives on the ethical implications of AI in care for patients at increased risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD).

Aim: Explore perspectives of patients on the ethical use of AI, particularly in clinical decision-making regarding the implantation of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD).

The microcirculation in the first days of ICU admission in critically ill COVID-19 patients is influenced by severity of disease.

The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between sublingual microcirculatory parameters and the severity of the disease in critically ill coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients in the initial period of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission in a phase of the COVID-19 pandemic where patients were being treated with anti-inflammatory medication. In total, 35 critically ill COVID-19 patients were included. Twenty-one critically ill COVID-19 patients with a Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score below or equal to 7 were compared to 14 critically ill COVID-19 patients with a SOFA score exceeding 7.

The effect of three years of vitamin D supplementation on erectile dysfunction: Results from the randomized placebo-controlled D-Health Trial.

Background & Aims: Erectile dysfunction is common among older men and has been associated with low serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D concentration. However, this association may be due to uncontrolled confounding, and there is a paucity of evidence from interventional studies. We aimed to examine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on the prevalence of erectile dysfunction, in an exploratory analysis using data from a large randomized controlled trial.

Developing a model describing voluntary residency attrition: a qualitative study.

Background: Many factors influencing residency attrition are identified in the literature, but what role these factors play and how they influence each other remains unclear. Understanding more about the interaction between these factors can provide background to put the available evidence into perspective and provide tools to reduce attrition. The aim of this study was therefore to develop a model that describes voluntary residency attrition.

"Tie your camel first, then rely on God": reconceptualizing Javanese Islamic values to support palliative care at home.

Background: In the last decade, there has been a growing concern to make palliative care more culturally sensitive and contextually appropriate. This concern is also relevant in Indonesia, where the progress of palliative care, particularly in home-based care, has been slow. Like elsewhere in the world, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of shifting from a curative orientation towards a palliative one, especially in cases where further medical treatment is futile.

Uncertainty Work: Dealing with a Psychiatric Crisis in Two European Community Mental Health Teams.

The quest for how to deal with a crisis in a community setting, with the aim of deinstitutionalizing mental health care, and reducing hospitalization and coercion, is important. In this article, we argue that to understand how this can be done, we need to shift the attention from acute moments to daily uncertainty work conducted in community mental health teams. By drawing on an empirical ethics approach, we contrast the modes of caring of two teams in Utrecht and Trieste.

A Double-Blind Randomised Controlled Trial of Prebiotic Supplementation in Children with Autism: Effects on Parental Quality of Life, Child Behaviour, Gastrointestinal Symptoms, and the Microbiome.

Purpose: Modifying gut bacteria in children with autism may influence behaviour, with potential to improve family functioning. We conducted a randomised controlled trial to assess the effect of prebiotics on behaviour, gastrointestinal symptoms and downstream effects on parental quality of life.

Method: Children with autism (4-10yrs) were randomised to 2.

mHealth technologies for pregnancy prevention: A challenge for patient-centred contraceptive counselling in Dutch general practice.

Background: A general practitioner (GP) standardly provides contraceptive counselling and care in the Netherlands. Recent years have seen the rise of mobile health technologies that aim to prevent pregnancy based on fertility awareness-based methods (FABMs). We lack high-quality evidence of these methods' effectiveness and clarity on how healthcare professionals include them in contraceptive counselling.

Mental health and diet quality after primary treatment for ovarian cancer.

Aims: To investigate anxiety and depression after primary treatment for ovarian cancer in relation to diet quality and intake.

Methods: In a cohort of women with ovarian cancer in Australia, levels of anxiety and depression (normal, subclinical, and clinical) were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale at 9 months post-diagnosis. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire at 12 months post-diagnosis and scored using the Healthy Eating Index 2015.

Caffeine does not influence persistent inward current contribution to motoneuron firing.

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether caffeine consumption would change persistent inward current (PIC) contribution to motoneuron firing at increased contraction intensities and after repetitive sustained maximal contractions. Before and after the consumption of 6 mg·kg of caffeine or placebo, 16 individuals performed isometric triangular-shaped ramp dorsiflexion contractions (to 20% and 40% of peak torque), followed by four maximal contractions sustained until torque production dropped to 60% of maximum, and consecutive 20% triangular-shaped contractions. Tibialis anterior motor unit firing frequencies were analyzed from high-density surface electromyograms.

Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Telomere Length: An Analysis of Data from the Randomised Controlled D-Health Trial.

Objectives: Observational studies have suggested that a higher 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration may be associated with longer telomere length; however, this has not been investigated in randomised controlled trials. We conducted an ancillary study within a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of monthly vitamin D (the D-Health Trial) for the prevention of all-cause mortality, conducted from 2014 to 2020, to assess the effect of vitamin D supplementation on telomere length (measured as the telomere to single copy gene (T/S) ratio).

Design, Setting, Participants, And Intervention: Participants were Australians aged 60-84 years and we randomly selected 1,519 D-Health participants (vitamin D: n=744; placebo: n=775) for this analysis.

The Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Hypothyroidism in the Randomized Controlled D-Health Trial.

Hypothyroidism is common, and in iodine-sufficient areas, it is primarily caused by autoimmune destruction of the thyroid gland. Observational studies have consistently shown an inverse association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration and autoimmune diseases; however, there is a lack of evidence from randomized controlled trials to support a benefit of vitamin D supplementation, particularly for autoimmune thyroid diseases. We, therefore, aimed to assess the effect of vitamin D supplementation on the incidence of hypothyroidism.

Vitamin D supplementation and major cardiovascular events: D-Health randomised controlled trial.

Objective: To investigate whether supplementing older adults with monthly doses of vitamin D alters the incidence of major cardiovascular events.

Design: Randomised, double blind, placebo controlled trial of monthly vitamin D (the D-Health Trial). Computer generated permuted block randomisation was used to allocate treatments.

The effect of vitamin D supplementation on the gut microbiome in older Australians - Results from analyses of the D-Health Trial.

Observational studies suggest a link between vitamin D and the composition of the gut microbiome, but there is little evidence from randomized controlled trials of vitamin D supplementation. We analyzed data from the D-Health Trial, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. We recruited 21,315 Australians aged 60-84 y and randomized them to 60,000 IU of vitamin D or placebo monthly for 5 y.

Association of Protein Intake with Recurrence and Survival Following Primary Treatment of Ovarian Cancer.

Background: Malnutrition is common during treatment of ovarian cancer, and 1 in 3 patients report multiple symptoms affecting food intake after primary treatment. Little is known about diet posttreatment in relation to ovarian cancer survival; however, general recommendations for cancer survivors are to maintain a higher level of protein intake to support recovery and minimize nutritional deficits.

Objectives: To investigate whether intake of protein and protein food sources following primary treatment of ovarian cancer is associated with recurrence and survival.

The effect of monthly vitamin D supplementation on fractures: a tertiary outcome from the population-based, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled D-Health trial.

Background: Low serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D concentration is associated with increased fracture risk. It is uncertain whether vitamin D supplementation reduces fractures, or whether intermittent doses are harmful. We aimed to investigate if supplementing adults living in Australia with monthly doses of 60 000 international units (IU) vitamin D for 5 years or less altered the rate of fractures.