[Allergen immunotherapy for rare allergens].

Among allergies to aeroallergens, approximately 20% are allotted to the so-called rare allergens. These include ash pollen, weed pollen, storage mites, molds, and animal allergens. The prevalences of allergies to these allergens are lower, but affected patients also suffer considerably from their "rare" allergy.

Oxygen quenching of structurally characterized [5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-fluoro-2,6-dimethylphenyl)porphyrinato]platinum(II).

The compound [5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-fluoro-2,6-dimethylphenyl)porphyrinato]platinum(II), [Pt(CHFN)] or Pt(II)TFP, has been synthesized and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. The Pt porphyrin exhibits a long-lived phosphorescent excited state (τ = 66 µs), which has been characterized by transient absorption and emission spectroscopy. The phosphorescence is extremely sensitive to oxygen, as reflected by a quenching rate constant of 5.

[Interprofessional evaluation of "soft skills" of students in the practical year].

Objective: The present study deals with the implementation of a questionnaire with 360° evaluation to assess the performance of students in the practical year (PJ). A special focus is put on the "soft skills" (self-competence, methodological competence, social competence), whose evaluation in medical studies has not yet taken place comprehensively.

Material & Methods: The study was conducted prospectively with 21 PJ students of the Medical Faculty of the TU Dresden.

Plasticity of growth laws tunes resource allocation strategies in bacteria.

Bacteria like E. coli grow at vastly different rates on different substrates, however, the precise reason for this variability is poorly understood. Different growth rates have been attributed to 'nutrient quality', a key parameter in bacterial growth laws.

Coexisting ecotypes in long-term evolution emerged from interacting trade-offs.

Evolution of complex communities of coexisting microbes remains poorly understood. The long-term evolution experiment on Escherichia coli (LTEE) revealed the spontaneous emergence of stable coexistence of multiple ecotypes, which persisted for more than 14,000 generations of continuous evolution. Here, using a combination of experiments and computer simulations, we show that the emergence and persistence of this phenomenon can be explained by the combination of two interacting trade-offs, rooted in biochemical constraints: First, faster growth is enabled by higher fermentation and obligate acetate excretion.

[Neuroimmunology of allergic rhinitis part 2 : Interactions of neurons and immune cells and neuroimmunological units].

Allergic rhinitis is an IgE-mediated, type‑2 inflammatory disease. neuropeptides are released by neurons and interact with immune cells. Via colocalization, neuroimmune cell units such as nerve-mast cell units, nerve-type 2 innate lymphoid cell (ILC2) units, nerve-eosinophil units, and nerve-basophil units are formed.

[Neuroimmunology of allergic rhinitis : Part 1: Cellular and humoral basic principles].

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a very common disease with a high prevalence worldwide. It is an IgE-mediated type 2 inflammatory disease following exposure to inhalant allergens. A multitude of different neuropeptides including substance P, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), nerve growth factor (NGF), and neuromedin U (NMU) can be released via peripheral axon or central reflexes, interact with immune cells, and thus contribute to neurogenic inflammation which causes the nasal hyperreactivity (NHR) characteristic of AR.

Real-time monitoring of middle ear prosthesis coupling.

Introduction: In reconstructive middle ear surgery, acoustic quality has received a high level of attention in recent years. Careful intraoperative selection and positioning of passive middle ear prostheses during tympanoplasty with ossiculoplasty is essential to ensure satisfactory sound transmission and postoperative hearing outcome. The reconstruction quality of the ossicular chain (OC) can be evaluated intraoperatively using a surgical assistance system which is based on a real-time monitoring system (RTM system) that acquires the transmission (middle ear transfer function (METF)) with electromagnetic excitation of the OC.

Disrupted functional connectivity between the nucleus accumbens and posterior cingulate cortex in autism spectrum disorder.

Objectives: Dysfunctions in the basal ganglia have been repeatedly found in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The nucleus accumbens (NAcc) is known for its central role in social functions and also in its abnormality in ASD. In this study, whole-brain functional connectivity of the NAcc was examined to isolate brain regions that are differently connected to the NAcc in autism, using resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) data.

Emergency Treatment of Anaphylactic Reactions in Air Rescue Missions: An Eight-Year Analysis of a German Rescue Helicopter Base.

Introduction: Anaphylactic reactions can lead to a life-threatening situation. In the event of anaphylaxis, rapid and targeted emergency treatment is indicated.

Study Objective: The study sought to determine the emergency therapy administered for anaphylaxis in children and adults.

The treatment of neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction in persons with spinal cord injury: An open label, pilot study of anticholinergic agent vs. mirabegron to evaluate cognitive impact and efficacy.

Study Design: Pre-post intervention.

Objectives: 1. To test whether replacement of oral anticholinergic (AC) agents with mirabegron for neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD) yields improved cognitive function in older persons with spinal cord injury (SCI).

Coastal resilience surges as living shorelines reduce lateral erosion of salt marshes.

A growing suite of research has demonstrated that nature-based shoreline stabilization methods can increase resilience of coastal ecosystems by improving their capacity to return to predisturbance states. Previous work suggests that during hurricanes, living shorelines promote vertical accretion and experience less damage than traditional shoreline stabilization alternatives. Nevertheless, there is limited research looking at the impacts of major storm events on living shorelines and most studies have investigated a small number of sites.

Measurement of middle ear transfer function in temporal bones using electromagnetic excitation: Comparison to sound excitation and evaluation of influencing factors.

Hearing a sound produces vibrations of the ossicles in the middle ear, which can be measured in the micrometer to nanometer range. Destruction of middle ear structures results most commonly from chronic inflammatory diseases. In these cases, passive and active middle ear implants are used for reconstruction of the ossicular chain.

Biomimetic Tympanic Membrane Replacement Made by Melt Electrowriting.

The tympanic membrane (TM) transfers sound waves from the air into mechanical motion for the ossicular chain. This requires a high sensitivity to small dynamic pressure changes and resistance to large quasi-static pressure differences. The TM achieves this by providing a layered structure of about 100µm in thickness, a low flexural stiffness, and a high tensile strength.

A Rapid Assessment of Disaster Preparedness Needs and Resources during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

This year has seen the emergence of two major crises, a significant increase in the frequency and severity of hurricanes and the COVID-19 pandemic. However, little is known as to how each of these two events have impacted the other. A rapid qualitative assessment was conducted to determine the impact of the pandemic on preparedness and response to natural disasters and the impact of past experiences with natural disasters in responding to the pandemic.

[From reconstruction to function : Hands-on training in tympanoplasty using real-time feedback].

Background: Surgery of the middle ear requires a very high level of fine motor skills. Due to the increased potential for complications in middle ear operations, it is appropriate to acquire these skills beforehand by operating on a model.

Objective: How satisfactory is the training on suitable models? Are the skills acquired from working on a model transferable to intraoperative situations? Will the type of model and its use for training influence ear surgery in the future?

Material And Methods: Available publications and own experiences with the Dresden tympanoplasty model (DTM) are analyzed and discussed.

[Learning curve of the ENT mirror examination : Goal-oriented curriculum planning for psychomotor learning].

Background: Learning complex psychomotor sequences requires a high number of training sessions to achieve precise execution. In the current student curriculum there are only few study sessions available to achieve this level of competence.

Objective: The objective of the current study was to record the learning curve of psychomotor proficiency using the example of the ENT mirror examination.