[Evaluation of the efficacy of oral sumatriptan in the management of migraine attacks. Clinical results].

This italian multicentre, double blind, parallel groups study compared the efficacy, safety and tolerability of oral sumatriptan, given as new film-coated tablet, with placebo in the acute treatment of migraine. 88 Patients received placebo and 162 patients received sumatriptan 100 mg (plus an optional dose 2 h later if the headache persisted plus a further optional dose for recurrence within 24 h). Sumatriptan was significantly more effective than placebo at releiving headache at 2 h (51% versus 31%, P = 0.

Working standards in prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and atypical adenomatous hyperplasia.

All participants agreed with the use of the terms low and high grade PIN, without treatment in the case of an isolated PIN lesion. The term, definitions and biology of atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH) was discussed without reaching a consent among American and European participants. As a compromise, the designation of AAH-Adenosis was accepted as a working formulation that needs further research.

Infections after renal transplantation. Recipient factors affecting their incidence.

We have evaluated the incidence of infection in patients with kidney transplant, their effect on graft function and on patient outcome. Factors important for the development of infections in the post-transplant course in this group of patients have been analyzed, as well as factors affecting graft and patient survival. The prevention of infection is the main aim in this patient population, as every episode of clinical infection requiring treatment carries the potential for lethal consequences, and every effort should be made to assure appropriate screening of the prospective renal recipient.

Effects of combination endocrine treatment on normal prostate, prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, and prostatic adenocarcinoma.

Aims: To investigate the effect of combination endocrine treatment (CET) or luteinising hormone releasing hormone agonist and flutamide on non-neoplastic prostate, prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, and prostatic adenocarcinoma.

Methods: The morphology, including the mitotic activity, of 12 radical prostatectomies from patients with prostatic adenocarcinoma pretreated for three months with CET was evaluated in haematoxylin and eosin stained sections and compared with an untreated age and stage matched control group.

Results: A differential effect on the non-neoplastic prostate was observed.

[Non-surgical treatment of urethral fistula: a suggested technic].

The urethral fistulas need for recovery the traditional surgical approach. Recently are available for surgeons substances and devices particularly compatible with biological tissue and very safe. We have taken advantage of this good opportunity to treat an old and multiple fistula of the urethra in the perineum.

Prostatic invasive adenocarcinoma. Effect of combination endocrine therapy (LHRH agonist and flutamide) on the expression and location of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA).

Expression and location of Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen immunostaining in epithelial nuclei were assessed on histological sections from 32 cases of invasive adenocarcinoma of the prostate gland: 20 untreated and 12 treated with combination endocrine therapy or CET. The PCNA-positive nuclei showed homogeneous or granular types of staining or a mixture of both, and a gradation in the intensity of staining. Nuclei with homogeneous patterns appeared darker brown than the lighter granular and mixed patterns.

RNA processing modulates the expression of the arcDABC operon in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Anaerobic growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on arginine depends on the arcDABC operon encoding the enzymes of the arginine deiminase pathway. The co-ordinate, anaerobic induction of these enzymes requires the FNR-like regulatory protein ANR, which activates the arc promoter lying upstream from arcD. By Northern hybridization experiments, three abundant arcA, arcAB and arcABC transcripts and three minor arcDA, arcDAB and arcDABC transcripts could be detected.

Fine needle aspiration biopsy of the prostate gland: our experience concerning 101 cases with histological follow-up.

Our experience concerning 605 fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsies performed between 1985 and 1988 is reported. FNA specimens of the prostate gland were compared to histological material in 101 cases: 37 patients underwent suprapubic prostatectomy, 15 radical prostatectomy, 28 transurethral resection, and 21 core needle biopsies. Adenocarcinoma was correctly diagnosed by using cytology in 39 out of 40 cases; benign prostatic hypertrophy was confirmed by histology in 54 out of 57 cytologically benign cases.

[Use of ultrasound-guided needle aspiration in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cysts].

The authors evaluated the advantages obtained utilizing FNAB with ultrasound in the needle aspiration of breast cysts. Echography can guide the aspiration up to its end in an effective and localized way. Cytologic examination of the cystic fluid confirmed the benign nature of the cyst.

[Carcinoma of the endometrium in young women].

Eighteen cases of endometrial cancer under 45 years were clinically and pathologically reviewed. Epidemiological analysis confirmed obesity as an effective risk factor for this neoplasia. In only three cases the association of adenomatous hyperplasia with endometrial cancer was discovered.

[Intraoperative prevention of pulmonary embolism from neoplastic caval thrombosis secondary to renal tumors].

The authors analyze diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic influence of caval neoplastic thrombosis in management of renal cell carcinoma. They describe, for the first time, the utilization of De Weese caval clip to prevent intraoperative pulmonary embolism secondary to surgical manipulations.

Adherence of gram-negative uropathogens to human uroepithelial cells.

The ability of bacteria to adhere to the mucosal surface is generally regarded as an important factor in infection. In particular, most urinary tract pathogens reach the kidney from the bladder. The attachment to the mucosa may promote colonization of the ureters and penetration of the renal pelvis by ascending infection.

Transforming activity of DNA extracted from human urological tumours.

The transforming activity of DNA extracted from one testicular cancer, one benign prostatic hyperplasia, two malignant prostatic adenocarcinomas, six renal cell carcinomas, two tumours of the renal pelvis, a specimen of normal urothelial tissue, two benign papillomas of the bladder and five malignant bladder carcinomas, was investigated using a DNA transfection assay on primary cultures of hamster kidney cells (HK cells) and mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEF cells). Transformation was scored under light microscope by the appearance of foci of morphologically transformed cells and by evaluating the ability of the transfected cells to from colonies in soft agar. Primary HK cells were unable to support transformation by human tumour DNA because of their very limited lifespan in vitro; MEF cultures, on the contrary, had a much more prolonged life: but were only abortively transformed by DNA from four out of six renal cell carcinomas and four out of seven malignant urothelial tumours, suggesting that transforming genes are present but not activated in the DNA from these urological malignancies.