Critical role of bicarbonate in Zero-Valent iron for hydrogen generation and biogas upgrading in anaerobic digestion.

This study investigates the role of Zero-Valent Iron (ZVI) in anaerobic digestion, emphasizing the critical influence of bicarbonate and feeding regimes. Abiotic tests revealed that higher bicarbonate concentrations enhanced hydrogen production. However, two-cycle experiments with ZVI and bicarbonate showed reduced hydrogen in the second cycle due to ZVI passivation.