In vitro effects of folic acid on gamma-glutamyltransferase and glutathione reductase activities in malignant lung and thymus tumors.

In vitro effects of folic acid (10(-5), 10(-4), and 10(-3)M) on activities of gamma-glutamyltransferase and glutathione reductase, the enzymes involved in glutathione metabolism, were studied in tissue samples obtained after surgical treatment of the lungs and thymus. Folic acid did not change gamma-glutamyltransferase activity in lung cancer tissue, but in thymoma tissue this substance in a concentration of 10(-3)M inhibited it by 16%. Folic acid had no effects on glutathione reductase activity in benign tumors and normal lung and thymus tissues, but increased this activity in thymoma and lung cancer tissues.

[Suppurative-septic complications after surgical treatment of destructive pancreatitis].

Complex prophylactics of pyo-septic complications was used in 46 patients with acute destructive pancreatitis. It resulted in 11% less frequency of the complications, postoperative lethality became 28% lower. In 35 patients with the preserved spleen resection of the pancreas was followed by less lethality as compared with similar operations including splenectomy.

[Catabolism of native and modified high-density lipoproteins in rabbits].

Rates of fraction catabolism of rabbit and horse total 125I-high density lipoproteins (HDL) were shown to be similar in rabbits, after intravenous administration, while catabolism of human, dog and, especially, of rat lipoproteins occurred at the higher rate as compared with rabbit HDL. Rabbit HDL containing modified epsilon-aminogroups, or guanidine groups, or carboxyl groups and native HDL were quite similarly eliminated from circulation of healthy animals, whereas the lipoproteins with modified tyrosine residues and, especially, succinated HDL exhibited the highest rate of elimination. Radioactivity of spleen tissue and lymphatic glands was several-fold higher after intravenous administration of succinated homologous 125I-HDL into rabbits as compared with the effect of native homologous 125I-HDL; in kidney, adrenal glands, liver tissue and small intestine the level of radioactivity was analogous after treatment with both homologous native and succinated 125I-HDL.

[The rate of elimination of homologous and heterologous native and modified high density lipoproteins from rabbit plasma after their intravenous administration].

Rates of catabolism of total fraction of human native high density lipoproteins (HDL) and their subfractions as well as horse and rabbit native and modified HDL were studied after intravenous administration of the HDL into healthy rabbits and the animals with experimental hypercholesterolemia. The following procedures were carried out for production of HDL derivatives: methylation, succination, blocking of Arg residues and of COOH-groups. Rates of catabolism were similar for rabbit and horse total fractions of 125I-HDL, whereas human HDL were catabolized at a slightly higher rates as compared with rabbit lipoproteins.

[The rate of elimination of heterologous native and modified high-density lipoproteins from rabbit blood plasma after their intravenous administration].

Native and modified horse LPHD (methylated, succinylated, with blocked Arg-residues and COOH-groups) were administered intravenously (400 mg by protein) into healthy rabbits and into animals with hypercholesterolemia. Concentration of the modified LPHD decreased much more distinct in blood plasma of healthy rabbits as compared with native LPHD. The same results were obtained in rabbits with hypercholesterolemia after administration of methylated and succinylated LPHD.

[Rate of elimination of human high-density lipoproteins after their intravenous administration in rabbits by the loss of alpha- cholesterol and apoprotein A-1].

Native HDL, HDL2 or HDL3, isolated from donor plasma were intravenously administered at a large dose (100 mg HDL cholesterol) to healthy rabbits and rabbits with experimental hypercholesterolemia. The elimination rate of human HDL was studied on the basis of alpha-cholesterol (alpha-Ch) and apoprotein (apo) A-I determinations in the plasma of rabbits. Administration of HDL or their subclasses at a large dose with the following determination of alpha-Ch or apo A-I enabled to avoid the use of radioactive label and all the methodological errors connected with the latter.

[Hypolipidemic activity of substances structurally close to penphenone in rats and mice].

Effect of substances, structurally related to penphenone (2-phenyl-3-methyl-3-hydroxypentanic acid sodium salt), was studied on the main patterns of lipid metabolism in blood of rats and mice, as well as on lipoprotein spectra of rat blood serum. All the compounds studied exhibited hypolipidemic effect, decreasing concentration of total cholesterol, cholesterol of alpha-lipoproteins and triglycerides in rat blood. The effect was less distinct in mice.

[Epiedmiologic significance of the distribution of corynephages in different collectives].

Corynephage distribution was studied in the nasopharyngeal washings of 252 persons infected with C. diphtheriae of gravis type, toxigenic (21 patients and 147 carriers) and non-toxigenic ones (84 carriers), and in 468 uninfected persons in collective bodies under different epidemic conditions. Corynephages were isolated from the nasopharyngeal washings only in persons infected with toxigenic C.

[Effect of hydrocortisone and insulin on the synthesis of ribonucleic acids in the nuclei and cytoplasm of the liver cells of sexually immature male rates].

A prolonged (within 4 days) administration of hydrocortisone or protamin-Zn-insulin into preadolescent male rats with body weight of 70-90 g caused a distinct increase in the synthesis of DNA-like RNA, precursor of ribosomal RNA in nuclei and ribosomal RNA in cytoplasma of liver tissue. Protamin-Zn-insulin, after simultaneous administration with hydrocortisone, suppressed the increase in the synthesis of liver RNA fractions studied. The data obtained suggest that DNA-like RNA, precursor of ribosomal RNA from nuclei and ribosomal RNA from cytoplasma of liver tissue of preadolescent male rats participate in the synthesis of transaminases in liver tissue.

[The effect of hydrocortisone and insulin on ribonucleic acid synthesis in the nuclei and cytoplasm of sexually mature male rat liver cells].

Prolonged administration to male sexually-mature rats weighing 180-200 g of hydrocortisone, protamine-zinc-insulin enhanced considerably the synthesis of DNA-like RNA, precursor of ribosomal RNA in the nuclei and ribosomal RNA in the cytoplasm of the liver; this increase was even more pronounced after the administration of both hormones. The data obtained were in favour of the participation of DNA-like RNA, precursor of ribosomal RNA of the nuclei and ribosomal RNA of the cytoplasm of the liver of male sexually-mature rats in the synthesis of transaminases of their liver.

[Androgen participation in realizing the action of hydrocortisone and insulin on tyrosine-alpha-ketoglutarate transaminase synthesis in rat liver mitochondria].

Castration of adult rats did not distinctly alter the tyrosine alpha-ketoglutarate transaminase activity in liver tissue mitochondria. Administration of hydrocortisone caused the more pronounced increased of the tyrosine alpha-ketoglutarate transaminae activity in liver tissue mitochondria of young males as compared with the adult intact rats. Castration of adult rats did no alter stimulating effect of the glucocorticoid.

[The effect of hydrocortisone and insulin on the activity and isoenzymes of typrosine-alpha-ketoglutarate transaminase in the ctyostructures of the livers of rats of different ages].

Administration of hydrocortisone or insulin and also a simultaneous use of these hormones in a high dose caused a marked elevation of the total activity of tyrosine-alpha-ketoglutaric transaminase and its anode and cathode isoenzymes in the soluble fraction of the liver in the sexually immature (weighing 100-110 g) and mature (weighing 180-200 g) male rats. The stimulating effect of insulin was sharper in the young in comparison with adult animals. Administration of hydrocortisone caused a more pronounced elevation of the total tyrosine-alpha-ketoglutaric transaminase activity in the hepatic mitochondria of young rats than in adult animals.

[The effect of hydrocortisone and insulin on the activity and isoenzyme of tyrosine-alpha-ketoglutarate transaminase in cytostructures of rat liver].

Single administration of hydrocortisone or insulin into rats (body weight 200 g) and also combined treatment of the animals with the hormones at large doses caused a distinct increase in activities of anode and cathode isoenzymes of tyrosine-alpha-ketoglutarate transaminase in soluble fraction; total activity of the enzyme was also increased in mitochondria of rat liver tissue.