Background And Objectives: Hospital pharmacists collaborate in clinical trials by managing the reception, conservation, distribution, return and destruction of the investigational medical products (IMP). However, errors can happen during the simultaneous management of multiple trials because each clinical trial stipulates its own method for managing the drug under study. In order to promote optimal management by hospital pharmacists, we developed a method for calculating a risk of error index for each experimental protocol, and wrote standard procedures for managing trials assigned low, moderate and high risk levels, to provide hospital pharmacists with a systematic tool for reducing human error in the management of IMPs for multiple clinical trials.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn recent years, there has been a growing interest in the pure casein fraction of milk protein, particularly β-casein due to its physicochemical properties as well as its bio- and techno-functional properties. The utilization of self-assembled β-caseins from bovine origin as nanocarriers for the delivery of nutraceutical compounds or drugs has increased dramatically. Concerning β-caseins from other milk sources, the use of hypoallergenic donkey β-caseins as a potential delivery vehicle for nutraceutical hydrophobic compounds is beginning to generate interest.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: The aim of this study was to analyze real-life data from a cohort of adult patients receiving atezolizumab in combination with carboplatin and etoposide for first-line treatment of ES-SCLC, in order to assess relative dose intensity (RDI), time-to-treatment discontinuation (TTD), time-to-treatment failure (TTF), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) of treatments as well as the correlation between these outcomes.
Methods: An observational retrospective study was conducted. All patients treated with atezolizumab combined with carboplatin and etoposide for first-line treatment of ES-SCLC were included.
Aims And Objective: The aim of the European Association of Hospital Pharmacists (EAHP)'s 2023 shortages survey was to collect data on causes and mitigation strategies of shortages of medicines and medical devices and their impact on patient care. The survey targeted hospital pharmacists (HPs), physicians (PHYs), nurses (NRS) and other healthcare professionals (OHCPs). A separate set of questions addressed patients (PTNs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: To introduce a drug to the market, it's not mandatory for it to be more effective and safer than the current treatment for the same condition. Consequently, head-to-head studies between the two best treatments for the same condition are not required, and this could result in a lack of information for patients, clinicians, and decision-makers. This study aims to evaluate the presence of head-to-head studies among the drugs used for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMeat plays a significant role in human diets, providing a rich source of high-quality protein. With advancements in technology, research in the field of meat preservation has been undergoing dynamic evolution. To gain insights into the development of this discipline, the study conducted an analysis and knowledge structure mapping of 1672 papers related to meat preservation research within the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) spanning from 2001 to 2023.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe self-assembling behavior, secondary structure, and surface hydrophobicity of purified donkey β-casein in terms of pH, temperature, and buffer concentration were investigated in comparison with commercial bovine β-casein. Critical micelle concentration of both β-caseins decreased with the lowering of pH (pH 8.0-6.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe quality parameters of cappuccinos prepared with pasteurized milk or ultra-high-temperature milk steam-injected at different temperatures by a professional coffee machine have been assessed. In particular, the protein profile, the content of vitamins and lactose, the lipid peroxidation process, and the involvement of milk proteins in the foam formation were evaluated. The nutritional quality of milk seems not affected by the steam injection treatment carried out at a temperature of 60-65 °C, but at higher temperatures a decrement of lactoperoxidase, vitamin B6 and folic acid was observed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn order to explore the quality variation and flavor formation of dry-cured donkey leg, the changes in physical−chemical composition, lipolytic, free amino acids content and volatile flavor compounds were investigated in this study. Six fresh, trimmed hind legs with average weight of 8.12 ± 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDonkey meat samples obtained from muscle Longissimus Thoracis Lumborum (LTL) taken from 14 entire donkey males slaughtered at 20 months and aged for 1, 8 and 15 days were analysed with the aim of determining the chemical composition, physical attributes, fatty acid profile and volatile compounds. Ageing did not significantly affect the chemical composition and colour parameters, while cooking loss was significantly (p < 0.05) higher at 8 and 15 days of ageing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Effective communication strategies in health care help to enhance patient empowerment and improve clinical outcomes.
Objective: Adapt the original Communication Assessment (CAT) instrument for the pharmacist profession (CAT-Pharm) and to test its validity and reliability in two different settings.
Setting: Five hospital pharmacies in Italy and five community pharmacies in Malta.
Aims And Objective: To compare antibiotic shortages in Europe between 2013 and 2020 and the views of hospital pharmacists on overcoming shortages via antimicrobial stewardship.
Methods: A series of European Association of Hospital Pharmacists (EAHP) surveys on medicine shortages, including a survey on the future crisis preparedness of hospital pharmacies, conducted between 2013 and 2020 were compared for the type of antibiotic shortages and respective mitigation strategy. These were analysed taking into account hospital pharmacists' views on antibiotics provided in the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) survey on healthcare professionals' knowledge, attitudes and behaviours about antibiotics, antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance from 2018.
This study compared growth rates, carcass, and meat quality obtained from 24 male crossbred donkey foals reared for meat production under an intensive (I) or extensive (E) feeding system. Donkeys were slaughtered at 16 months of age; the average final body weight, hot and cold carcass weight, and hot and cold dressing percentage were significantly higher ( < 0.05) in the I group.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: The present survey aimed to collect information on the lessons learnt from the COVID-19 pandemic by hospital pharmacists. It focused on the shortages of health goods and the experiences of hospitals during the first phase of the crisis.
Methods: A 17-question survey was conducted by EAHP, looking at the experiences of hospital pharmacists during the COVD-19 pandemic.
Whole milk is a good source of all the nutrients, and it also contains a sufficient number of vitamins to permit regular the growth of the neonate. Dairy cow milk can create allergy in infants less than 12 months old because of the high caseins and β-lactoglobulin content. In these circumstances, donkey milk can represent a good replacement for dairy cows' milk in children affected by Cow Milk Protein Allergy (CMPA) because of its close chemical composition with human milk, mainly due to its low protein and low mineral content.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPolytherapy is a common condition in the elderly patient and represents a risk factor for the onset of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). The objectives of this prospective study were the verification of the compliance with implicit criteria (Lipton, MAI and POM) to geriatric prescriptions, the identification of ADRs and the estimatation of the intake of drugs, over-the-counter (OTC) drugs, supplements and herbal products through the administration of a questionnaire. A total of 400 elderly patients (average age 73 years) were analyzed between September 2018 and September 2019.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To create an informatics supportive tool, which can assist healthcare professionals in estimating potential requirements for essential drug supplies to respond to the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic based on epidemiological forecasting.
Methods: The tool was based on a Susceptible-Infected-Removed (SIR) epidemiological model in which the population is divided into three compartments and transmission parameters are specified to define the rate at which people move between stages. Appropriate data entry was guaranteed by the creation of structured guided paths.
Several commentaries have suggested that the overconsumption of animal foods exerts several detrimental effects on human and environmental health. However, no studies have accurately estimated the impact of a reduction in animal food consumption on mortality due to the direct effects on metabolic health (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The comparative efficacy of pirfenidone, nintedanib, and pamrevlumab in slowing the rate of forced vital capacity (FVC) decline and mortality in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is unknown.
Objective: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis (MA) of these drugs for IPF.
Methods: We searched CENTRAL, PubMed, EMBASE, ClincalTrials.
The aim of this study was to compare the carcass characteristics and the chemical and physical parameters of the meat produced by 10 male crossbred donkeys and 10 male mules slaughtered at 16 ± 1 years of age. The carcass weight and dressing percentage were significantly ( < 0.05) higher in mules.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: The inappropriate use of antimicrobial agents is contributing to an increasing phenomenon of bacterial resistance. For this reason, there is a growing interest in 'antimicrobial stewardship', a series of coordinated and multidisciplinary interventions aimed to promote the safe and appropriate use of antimicrobials in which the pharmacist's contribution is necessary for the optimal choice of drug, dose, duration of therapy and the implementation of cost containment strategies.
Aim Of The Study: We wanted to create a reference model and a specific training manual on antibiotic stewardship to introduce the role of the department pharmacist with specific infection disease skills in the Italian health system hospitals.