Milk and Fresh Cheese Quality of Crossbred Cows Supplemented with Phytogenic Additives and Managed under Thermal Stress.

This investigation aimed to assess the physiological parameters and quality of milk and fresh cheeses produced by cows that were housed in paddocks, either with or without shade, and supplemented with a phytogenic additive. Sixteen crossbred cows were allocated in a 4 × 4 Latin square design, dividing them into paddocks with or without shade, and providing or not providing a phytogenic additive in their feed. This resulted in a total of four treatment groups and sixteen experimental plots, each containing four animals, over four periods of 21 days.

Cellular and humoral immunity of broilers subjected to posthatch fasting and a prestarter diet containing conjugated linoleic acid.

This study aimed to evaluate the immunity of chickens up to 35 d subjected to posthatch fasting and supplementation with conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). A total of 320 chicks were housed in a completely randomized design with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement (0 or 12 h of fasting × 0.000 or 0.

Weight stigma and disordered eating behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic: the mediating role of weight gain concern and psychological distress.

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the relationship between weight stigma experiences and disordered eating behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic is mediated by weight gain concern and psychological distress among university students with and without overweight.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with university students from five regions of Brazil who participated in the baseline assessment of the Online Cohort on Eating Behavior and Health (July/August 2020). Information on the frequency of binge eating episodes, food restriction, and purging, as well as experienced weight stigma, weight gain concern, and psychological distress, were recorded in an online questionnaire.

Salmonella enterica diversity and antimicrobial resistance profile in broiler slaughterhouse by-products.

The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of Salmonella enterica in by‑products (feathers, spleen, cecum, and crop) from broiler slaughterhouses as well as to determine the antimicrobial resistance profile of the identified serovars. Forty‑four lots of broilers in nine slaughterhouses located in the central‑west region of Brazil were evaluated. Samples of spleen, feathers, cecum, and crop were collected in a pool and a total of 1,232 samples were evalueted.

[Institutional support in Primary Health Care in Brazil: an integrative review].

One of the great challenges of the Unified Health System is the need to transcend the disciplinary and controlling character of management and foster the democratic function, to enable greater participation of workers and the community in health management. In order to identify and synthesize institutional support definitions and practices implemented within the scope of Primary Health Care in Brazil, according to the Paidéia method, which advocates institutional democratization and the qualification of service to the population through new management arrangements and devices and the work process, an integrative literature review was carried out for the period from 2005 to 2019. The corpus of analysis included 24 publications that made incipient definitions and operational aspects explicit, weaknesses in the integration between the scope of the expanded clinic and the shared management that should assist in the dialectic between Institutional Support and Matrix Support, there should be the need to strengthen the role of institutional supporter, as a methodological mediator and to reformulate the management and strategy mechanisms for permanent health education within the scope of the Unified Health System.

Weight stigma in the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review.

Background: Weight stigma is a phenomenon associated with adverse behavioural and psychological consequences. Although experts suggest that its increase during the COVID-19 pandemic may be associated with worse health outcomes for people with obesity, a thorough analysis of the main findings and gaps is still needed when relating to this subject.

Objective: We aim to answer three questions: (1) How does weight stigma manifest in the COVID-19 pandemic? (2) How can weight stigma affect people with overweight or obesity in times of COVID-19? (3) What are the perceptions and experiences of weight stigma during the pandemic in individuals who experience overweight or obesity?

Methods: We conducted a scoping review of studies addressing weight stigma and the COVID-19 pandemic in electronic databases (Medline/PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, PsycInfo, BVS/Lilacs, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and OpenGrey) published until 10th August 2021.

Quality of Actions to Control Cervical Cancer in Bahia, Brazil.

Objective: To assess the quality of the actions to control cervical cancer (CC) and its correlates.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted from January to March 2019 in 19 municipalities in Bahia, Brazil, with a sample of 241 doctors and nurses from primary health care (PHC). Three dependent variables were chosen- "Performance of educational, promotion, prevention, and monitoring actions" (D1); "Access to diagnostic tests" (D2); "Non-occurrence of high grade cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL)" (D3).

Public expenditure on hospitalizations for COVID-19 treatment in 2020, in Brazil.

Objective: Describe the expenditure resulting from hospitalizations for clinical treatment of users diagnosed with COVID-19 in the Unified Health System (SUS) between February and December 2020.

Methods: This is a descriptive study based on data from the Hospital Information System about government expenditure on hospitalizations for clinical treatment of users diagnosed with COVID-19 and causes included in the ICD-10 chapters. We obtained the number of hospitalizations, average length of stay, lethality rate, and total expenditure considering hospital services, professional services and average expenditure per hospitalization.

The transfer of amino acids and minerals to the egg yolk and to the yolk sac of their progeny is affected by breeder age.

This study aimed to assess the effects of breeder age on egg quality and amino acid and mineral transfer to the egg yolk and yolk sac of newly hatched chicks. Three ages (32, 42 and 52 weeks) of the same commercial flock of Hubbard breeders were studied. A total of 465 eggs were used for each age, with 60 being used for determining egg quality and amino acid and mineral content of yolk, and 405 for incubation period to obtain and evaluate the yolk sac of chicks.

Overweight in Rural and Adolescents From the Northeast of Brazil.

Overweight is an emerging problem among children and adolescents that leads to the development of several morbidities and health risks. Overweight occurs differently in different populations, especially in vulnerable groups like the rural and communities (an African-descendant population). This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of overweight and to investigate the possible associated factors in rural adolescents living in both and communities in Northeast Brazil.

[Food insecurity in rural communities in Northeast Brazil: does belonging to a slave-descendent community make a difference?].

This study aimed to measure the prevalence of food insecurity in a rural area of Northeast Brazil and investigate this outcome according to residence in quilombola communities (descendants of African slaves) versus non-quilombola communities. This was a cross-sectional study in 21 rural communities, 9 of which quilombolas, in 2014, using the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale (EBIA). Prevalence rates and prevalence ratios were estimated for food insecurity, and Poisson multiple regression analysis with robust variance was performed.

Comparative transcriptome analysis of muscular dystrophy models Large(myd), Dmd(mdx)/Large(myd) and Dmd(mdx): what makes them different?

Muscular dystrophies (MD) are a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of Mendelian diseases. The underlying pathophysiology and phenotypic variability in each form are much more complex, suggesting the involvement of many other genes. Thus, here we studied the whole genome expression profile in muscles from three mice models for MD, at different time points: Dmd(mdx) (mutation in dystrophin gene), Large(myd-/-) (mutation in Large) and Dmd(mdx)/Large(myd-/-) (both mutations).

Quantitative T2 combined with texture analysis of nuclear magnetic resonance images identify different degrees of muscle involvement in three mouse models of muscle dystrophy: mdx, Largemyd and mdx/Largemyd.

Quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been considered a promising non-invasive tool for monitoring therapeutic essays in small size mouse models of muscular dystrophies. Here, we combined MRI (anatomical images and transverse relaxation time constant-T2-measurements) to texture analyses in the study of four mouse strains covering a wide range of dystrophic phenotypes. Two still unexplored mouse models of muscular dystrophies were analyzed: The severely affected Largemyd mouse and the recently generated and worst double mutant mdx/Largemyd mouse, as compared to the mildly affected mdx and normal mice.

Use of self-reported measures of height, weight and body mass index in a rural population of Northeast Brazil.

Objective: To assess the validity of using self-reported anthropometric data for diagnosis of nutritional status of adults in a rural population of northeast Brazil.

Methods: A population-based survey was conducted on a sample of 797 individuals aged 18 years or more. The proportion of individuals who knew their anthropometric measures was calculated.

Dmdmdx/Largemyd: a new mouse model of neuromuscular diseases useful for studying physiopathological mechanisms and testing therapies.

Although muscular dystrophies are among the most common human genetic disorders, there are few treatment options available. Animal models have become increasingly important for testing new therapies prior to entering human clinical trials. The Dmd(mdx) mouse is the most widely used animal model for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), presenting the same molecular and protein defect as seen in humans with the disease.

[Whose is SUS? About the social representation of the users of the Family Health Program].

The present study analyzes the representation of the users of SUS and PSF, presenting data obtained by semi-structured interviews, using the theoretical referential of the qualitative research. The results show a social representation marked by a focused vision and assistance, pointing to the concentration of public resources in poor segments of the society and centered in the biomedical model of attention. It stands out that PSF did not reach their objectives to provide changes in the praxis in health.

[Municipal Health Council: (re)thinking the gap between the institutional pattern and the space of social participation].

The present essay is involved in the construction of the participation of civil society organized in health as a citizenship exercise and the place of Municipal Health Council (MHC) in this participation process. The study has as objective to analyze the institutional pattern of the MHC of Viçosa, Minas Gerais State, approaching the structure and operation dynamics, composition rules and competences. It is related to the observational study of traverse stamp, where individual interviews with the counselors of health, non participative direct observation of meetings of the MHC and documents were used as instrument of analysis.

Animal models for genetic neuromuscular diseases.

The neuromuscular disorders are a heterogeneous group of genetic diseases, caused by mutations in genes coding sarcolemmal, sarcomeric, and citosolic muscle proteins. Deficiencies or loss of function of these proteins leads to variable degree of progressive loss of motor ability. Several animal models, manifesting phenotypes observed in neuromuscular diseases, have been identified in nature or generated in laboratory.