A novel regulatory interplay between atypical B12 riboswitches and uORF translation in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Vitamin B12 is an essential cofactor in all domains of life and B12-sensing riboswitches are some of the most widely distributed riboswitches. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis, harbours two B12-sensing riboswitches. One controls expression of metE, encoding a B12-independent methionine synthase, the other controls expression of ppe2 of uncertain function.

Premature termination of transcription is shaped by Rho and translated uORFS in .

Little is known about the decisions behind transcription elongation versus termination in the human pathogen . By applying Term-seq to we found that the majority of transcription termination is premature and associated with translated regions, i.e.

The structure and correlates of the 20-item Maternal-Fetal Attachment Scale in a population-based sample of Hungarian expectant women.

Objective: This study aimed at analysing the structure and reliability of the modified, 20-item Hungarian version of the Maternal-Fetal Attachment Scale (MFAS-HU-20), and to investigate its associations with certain demographic, pregnancy-related and psychosocial characteristics.

Design: A socio-demographically diverse sample of Hungarian women completed interviews in middle or late pregnancy, as part of the countrywide Cohort '18 Growing Up in Hungary study.

Setting: Data collection was carried out by local health visitors either at the family home or at the health visitor's office.

Population genetic features of calving interval of the Limousin beef cattle breed in Hungary.

Variance, covariance components, heritability, breeding values (BV) and genetic trends in calving interval (CI) of the Limousin population in Hungary were evaluated. A total of 3,008 CI data of 779 cows from three herds in 1996-2016 were processed. For influencing effects GLM method, for population genetic parameters and BV estimation BLUP animal model, for trend analyses linear regression was applied.

Genetic parameters of gestation length trait in dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius).

Gestation length (GL) data of dromedary camels were analysed for the period from 2007 to 2018. The database of the largest dairy camel herds (Dubai, United Arab Emirates) was used in this study. The data of 4,084 camels included in the assessment were classified into six ecotypes (Emirati, Emirati cross, Black, Pakistani, Saudi-Sudanese and Saudi cross).

CDC2 Is an Important Driver of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation via FOXM1 and PLK1 in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.

A key feature of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is the hyperplastic proliferation exhibited by the vascular smooth muscle cells from patients (HPASMC). The growth inducers FOXM1 and PLK1 are highly upregulated in these cells. The mechanism by which these two proteins direct aberrant growth in these cells is not clear.

Fronto-thalamic structural and effective connectivity and delusions in schizophrenia: a combined DTI/DCM study.

Background: Schizophrenia (SZ) is a complex disorder characterized by a range of behavioral and cognitive symptoms as well as structural and functional alterations in multiple cortical and subcortical structures. SZ is associated with reduced functional network connectivity involving core regions such as the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and the thalamus. However, little is known whether effective coupling, the directed influence of one structure over the other, is altered during rest in the ACC-thalamus network.

Participation of PLK1 and FOXM1 in the hyperplastic proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells in pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Vascular smooth muscle cells from the pulmonary arteries (HPASMC) of subjects with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) exhibit hyperplastic growth. The PAH HPASMC display an increased sensitivity to fetal bovine serum (FBS) and undergo growth at a very low, 0.2%, FBS concentration.

Does Gender Have Prognostic Value Among Patients with Myocardial Infarction? Analysis of the Data from the Hungarian Myocardial Infarction Registry.

The authors analyzed data from the Hungarian Myocardial Infarction Registry (HUMIR) to examine the potential impact of gender on the treatment and 30-day and 1-year mortality of patients with myocardial infarction (MI). The National Registry of Myocardial Infarction included 42,953 patients between January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2016; 19,875 of whom were diagnosed with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and 23,078 with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). The proportion of women was 39% and 41.

Unraveling endothelin-1 induced hypercontractility of human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells from patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Contraction of human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (HPASMC) isolated from pulmonary arterial hypertensive (PAH) and normal (non-PAH) subject lungs was determined and measured with real-time electrical impedance. Treatment of HPASMC with vasoactive peptides, endothelin-1 (ET-1) and bradykinin (BK) but not angiotensin II, induced a temporal decrease in the electrical impedance profile mirroring constrictive morphological change of the cells which typically was more robust in PAH as opposed to non-PAH cells. Inhibition with LIMKi3 and a cofilin targeted motif mimicking cell permeable peptide (MMCPP) had no effect on ET-1 induced HPASMC contraction indicating a negligible role for these actin regulatory proteins.

Less invasive fractional flow reserve measurement from 3-dimensional quantitative coronary angiography and classic fluid dynamic equations.

Aims: The aim of this study was to develop a simplified model of FFR calculation (FFRsim) derived from three-dimensional (3D) coronary angiographic data and classic fluid dynamic equations without using finite element analysis.

Methods And Results: Intracoronary pressure measurements were performed by pressure wire sensors. The lumens of the interrogated vessel segments were reconstructed in 3D.

Quick cytogenetic screening of breeding bulls using flow cytometric sperm DNA histogram analysis.

The aim of the present study was to test the FXCycle PI/RNase kit for routine DNA analyses in order to detect breeding bulls and/or insemination doses carrying cytogenetic aberrations. In a series of experiments we first established basic DNA histogram parameters of cytogenetically healthy breeding bulls by measuring the intraspecific genome size variation of three animals, then we compared the histogram profiles of bulls carrying cytogenetic defects to the baseline values. With the exception of one case the test was able to identify bulls with cytogenetic defects.

Phosphorylation inactivation of endothelial nitric oxide synthesis in pulmonary arterial hypertension.

The impairment of vasodilator nitric oxide (NO) production is well accepted as a typical marker of endothelial dysfunction in vascular diseases, including in the pathophysiology of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), but the molecular mechanisms accounting for loss of NO production are unknown. We hypothesized that low NO production by pulmonary arterial endothelial cells in PAH is due to inactivation of NO synthase (eNOS) by aberrant phosphorylation of the protein. To test the hypothesis, we evaluated eNOS levels, dimerization, and phosphorylation in the vascular endothelial cells and lungs of patients with PAH compared with controls.

Hyperplastic Growth of Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells from Subjects with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Is Activated through JNK and p38 MAPK.

Smooth muscle in the pulmonary artery of PAH subjects, both idiopathic and hereditary, is characterized by hyperplasia. Smooth muscle cells (HPASMC) isolated from subjects with or without PAH retain their in vivo phenotype as illustrated by their expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin and expression of H-caldesmon. Both non PAH and PAH HPASMC display a lengthy, approximately 94h, cell cycle.

Protein Expression by Human Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells Containing a Mutation and the Action of ET-1 as Determined by Proteomic Mass Spectrometry.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a disease characterized by increased pulmonary vascular resistance and remodeling. Increase in the population of vascular smooth muscle cells is among the key events contributing to the remodeling. Endothelin-1 (ET-1), a potent vasoconstrictor, is linked to the etiology and progression of PAH.

Modulating the dysregulated migration of pulmonary arterial hypertensive smooth muscle cells with motif mimicking cell permeable peptides.

Migration of vascular smooth muscle cells is a key element in remodeling during pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). We are observing key alterations in the migratory characteristics of human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (HPASMC) isolated from transplanted lungs of subjects with PAH. Using wound migration and barrier removal assays, we demonstrate that the PAH cells migrate under quiescent growth conditions and in the absence of pro-migratory factors such as platelet derived growth factor (PDGF).

Targeting receptor tyrosine kinases and their downstream signaling with cell-penetrating peptides in human pulmonary artery smooth muscle and endothelial cells.

Cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) intracellular delivery of receptor signaling motifs provides an opportunity to regulate specific receptor tyrosine kinase signal transductions. We targeted tyrosine residues Y740 and Y751 of the PDGF receptor β (PDGFRβ) and Y1175 of the VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2). The Y740 and Y751 motifs activated ERK and Akt, while the Y1175 motif activated ERK.

DNA microarray and signal transduction analysis in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells from heritable and idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension subjects.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by increased pulmonary vascular smooth muscle contraction and proliferation. Here, we analyze genome-wide mRNA expression in human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (HPASMC) isolated from three control, three hereditary (HPAH), and three idiopathic PAH (IPAH) subjects using the Affymetrix Human Gene ST 1.0 chip.

Altered social decision making in borderline personality disorder: an Ultimatum Game study.

The authors examined social decision-making strategies in borderline personality disorder (BPD) using the Ultimatum Game (UG). They sought to extend previous findings by investigating altruistic punishment, a behavior that increases group cooperation in the long term. They tested the effect of the proposer's facial expression on responses.

A cell permeable peptide targeting the intracellular loop 2 of endothelin B receptor reduces pulmonary hypertension in a hypoxic rat model.

Cell permeable peptides (CPP) aid cellular uptake of targeted cargo across the hydrophobic plasma membrane. CPP-mediated cargo delivery of receptor signaling motifs provides an opportunity to regulate specific receptor initiated signaling cascades. Both endothelin-1 receptors, ETA and ETB, have been targets of antagonist therapies for individuals with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).

Theory of mind impairments in patients with deficit schizophrenia.

The deficit syndrome, a subgroup within schizophrenia, is characterized by enduring, idiopathic negative symptoms. Theory of mind (ToM), a domain of social cognition, is the ability of attributing mental states to ourselves and other people. ToM impairments have not been investigated earlier in deficit schizophrenia.

[Short and long term prognosis of patients with myocardial infarction. Hungarian Myocardial Infarction Registry].

Introduction: Mortality data of patients with acute myocardial infarction are incomplete in Hungary.

Aim: The aim of the authors was to analyse the data of 8582 myocardial infarction patients (4981 with ST-elevation myocardial infarction) registered in the Hungarian Myocardial Infarction Register in order to define the hospital, 30-day, and 1-year mortality. To evaluate the prehospital mortality of myocardial infarction, all myocardial infarction and sudden death were registered in five districts of Budapest.

Cell death mechanisms and potentially cytotoxic natural immune cells in human pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia.

Preeclampsia, which occurs in about 2% to 3% of all pregnancies, is a severe multisystem disorder showing symptoms in the second half of human pregnancy. Its prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment are insufficient, since etiology and pathogenesis of the disease are still not totally understood. Recent studies confirm that preeclampsia is the extreme end of a normal inflammatory reaction, which also occurs in healthy pregnancies.

[Incidence of myocardial infarction in Hungary. Population study in five districts of Budapest and Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg county].

Introduction: In the last few decades data on the incidence of acute myocardial infarction are not available in Hungary.

Aim: The aim of the authors was to define the incidence of myocardial infarction using the Hungarian Infarction Registry according to the number of in- and out-of-hospital cases in five districts of the capital (districts II, III, IX, X and XVII) and Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg county.

Method: Besides using the Hungarian Infarction Registry, databases of the National Public Health and Medical Officer Service and that of the Hungarian Central Statistical Office were used in order to define the incidence of prehospital cases, according to the regulations presented in an earlier proposal of the Data Protection Ombudsman of Hungary.

C-terminus of ETA/ETB receptors regulate endothelin-1 signal transmission.

The dimerization of the G protein-coupled receptors for endothelin-1 (ET-1), endothelin A receptor (ETA) and endolethin B receptor (ETB), is well established. However, the signaling consequences of the homodimerization and heterodimerization of ETA and ETB is not well understood. Here, we demonstrate that peptides derived from the C-termini of these receptors regulate the signaling capacity of ET-1.