[Unilateral posteroventral pallidotomy in the treatment of drug-induced dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease].

Objective: to determine the efficacy of unilateral posteroventral pallidotomy (PVP) in the treatment of drug-induced dyskinesia (DID) in Parkinson's disease (PD).

Material And Methods: We analyzed surgical treatment of 14 patients with PD complicated by DID who underwent unilateral PVP at the Research Center of Neurology in the period between 2012 and 2015. The clinical type of DID was mainly represented by peak-dose choreoathetoid dyskinesia, more pronounced in the distal limbs, and predominantly unilateral.

Simulation of Viral Hepatitis E in Marmosets.

We developed a model of hepatitis E virus infection in common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) and determined optimal route of infection, duration, clinical and virological characteristics of infection in laboratory animals. Using this model, we demonstrated that replication of hepatitis E virus primarily occurs in the liver, while virus replication presumed to take place in the intestine was not confirmed in this experiment.

Properties of extracellular DNA from the cerebrospinal fluid and blood plasma during Parkinson's disease.

The cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Parkinson's disease was shown to contain extracellular DNA. Extracellular DNA concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid was 3.3-fold lower than in blood plasma from these patients.

[A combined preparation stalevo in Parkinson's disease: a 5-year experience of continuous dopaminergic stimulation].

Levodopa remains a 'gold standard' for the treatment of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), but its chronic use is accompanied by fluctuations of symptoms and dyskinesias related to unfavorable pharmacokinetics of levodopa and progressing loss of the nigrostriatal neurons. Prescribing inhibitors of catechol-O-methyl-transferase (enzyme of dopamine metabolism), entacapone or tolcapone, is a perspective approach to the correction of the above-mentioned complications. We followed up 402 patients with PD who received long-term therapy with a combined preparation Stalevo (levodopa/carbidopa/entacapone) for 2-5 years (2.

[Role of hepatitis A and E viruses in the development of autoimmune diseases].

The mechanisms of development of autoimmune diseases may be associated with a complex of genetic, immune, hormonal, and infectious factors. Autoimmune diseases include a wide range of systemic and organ-specific diseases, including autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). It is currently assumed that the pathogenesis of AIH is due to compromised immune regulation in the presence of an exogenous triggering factor.

Therapeutic efficacy of the neuroprotective plant adaptogen in neurodegenerative disease (Parkinson's disease as an example).

Therapeutic efficacy of the plant neuroprotector Phytomix-40 in Parkinson's disease was demonstrated. This preparation consists of the components from extracts of 40 plants, including some adaptogens (ginseng, eleutherococcus, Rhodiola rosea, etc.).

[7-year experience in usage of mirapex in patients with different forms of primary parkinsonism].

The results of mirapex (pramipexol) treatment of 402 patients with Parkinson's disease and juvenile parkinsonism during the period from 6 months to 7 years are summarized. Mirapex was used in monotherapy as well as in combination with levadopa and other antiparkinsonic drugs. The drug was well tolerated and effective in rest tremor, hypokinesia, muscle rigidity and depression, the more pronounced effect being seen at the early stage of the disease.

[Primate models of human viral hepatitis].

The paper summarizes the updates available in the literature and the authors' own data on the etiology of hepatitis, its models, and experimental studies on susceptible simian types. A comparative analysis of the etiological agents--the causative agents of simian and human hepatitis will give a better insight into the evolution of its viruses.

[Viral hepatitis E. The problems of its study].

The paper presents the results of investigations of hepatitis E (HE), which have been made at the Department of Viral Hepatitides, M. P. Chumakov Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences.

[Plasma levels of mediator amino acids in patients with Parkinson disease].

Content of neurotransmitter amino acids before and after treatment with He-Ne-laser was measured in blood of two groups of the Parkinson's disease patients distinguished by low (first group) and high (second group) activity of monoamine oxidase B and Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase. An increase in taurine level at the early stage of the disease (first group of patients) suggests that taurine may be a marker of compensatory abilities of the organism. The violation of the glutamate/taurine balance at the later stages of the disease and its normalization following the laserotherapy accompanied improvement of neurological symptoms.

[Biochemical and immunological induces of the blood in Parkinson's disease and their correction with the help of laser therapy].

The influence of laser therapy on the course of Parkinson's disease (PD) was studied in 70 patients. This influence appeared adaptogenic both in the group with elevated and low MAO B and Cu/Zn SOD activity. Laser therapy resulted in reduction of neurological deficit, normalization of the activity of MAO B, Cu/Zn-SOD and immune indices.

[Level of interferon-gamma, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and antibodies to them in blood serum from Parkinson disease patients].

Serum levels of interferon-gamma (IF gamma), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) and autoantibodies (a-AT) to these cytokines were investigated in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). The increased levels of TNF alpha (50%) and IF gamma (35%) were found in PD patients. There was close correlation between the serum level of TNF alpha and the manifestation of neurological symptoms (r = 0.

Laser modification of the blood in vitro and in vivo in patients with Parkinson's disease.

The effect of He-Ne laser radiation on activity of MAO B, Cu/Zn-SOD, Mn-SOD, and catalase in blood cells from patients with Parkinson's disease was studied in vivo and in vitro. The effects of intravenous in vivo irradiation (intravenous laser therapy) were more pronounced than those observed in similar in vitro experiments. It is concluded that generalized effect of laser therapy involves interaction between blood cells.

Logical and Statistical Approach for the Analysis of Immunological Parameters in Patients with Wilson's Disease.

The immunological tests were performed for blood samples from 30 patients with Wilson's disease and 37 healthy patients. The processed data included conventional statistical analysis and computer programs, consisting of new pattern recognition methods - method of statistically weighted syndromes and that of detecting the informative conjunctions. In Wilson's disease group the significant alterations of parameters were determined: the decrease of T lymphocytes amount and CD4/CD8 ratio; the increase of circulating immune complexes and IgM levels; and B lymphocytes and NK amount.

[Nervous tissue protein autoantibodies in hepatolenticular degeneration].

Two novel protein antigens-Hbmp-1 and Hbmp-2 have been isolated from human brain tissue. Test-systems for determining auto-antibodies (a-Ab) to above mentioned proteins, as well as to basic myelin protein, S-100 beta and glial fibrillary acid protein have been developed. Sixty-three HLD patients have been examined.

[Analysis of mutations in ATP7B gene and experience with direct DNA-diagnosis in hepato-lenticular degeneration].

Hepatolenticular degeneration (HLD) is a severe autosomal-recessive disorder of the copper metabolism. It is characterized by excessive accumulation of copper in the brain and in viscera and is conditioned by the damage in the gene of copper ATP-ase (ATP7B). The paper presents the results of screening of ATP7B gene mutation in 42 patients with HLD from Russian population.

Identical dysferlin mutation in limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2B and distal myopathy.

Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2B (LGMD2B) and Miyoshi myopathy (MM) are autosomal recessive disorders caused by mutations in the dysferlin gene on chromosome 2p13. The authors studied a large Russian family with both LGMD2B and MM. All affected individuals, as well as one preclinical boy with dystrophic changes on muscle biopsy, were found to be homozygous for a novel dysferlin mutation, TG573/574AT (Val67Asp).

[Acoustic brain stem and cognitive evoked potentials (P300) in patients with hepatolenticular degeneration].

18 patients with hepatolenticular degeneration (Wilson's disease, WD) aged 15-38 years were subjected to an overall clinical and neurophysiologic examinations. As a result, the data obtained enable to evaluate functional reserves of CNS of the WD patients in correlation with the illness duration and severity of neurologic symptoms. Correlation between an increase of interpeak I-V and the degree of neurological deficit and, also, level of ceruloplasmin was established (r = -0.

[Mapping of the gene for autosomal-recessive progressive muscular dystrophy in an isolate from a highland region of Dagestan to chromosome 2-13].

A unique inbred Avar family from an isolate of the Dagestan highland was studied. Unusual phenotypic expression of autosomal recessive progressive muscular dystrophy was revealed in 12 members of this family from three generations. Limb-girdle (proximal) muscular dystrophy (LGMD) was detected in nine patients, while the other three patients displayed typical distal myopathy (DM).

Refined genetic location of the chromosome 2p-linked progressive muscular dystrophy gene.

Autosomal recessive progressive muscular dystrophies may be clinically subclassified into limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) and distal myopathy (DM), each clinical form being genetically heterogeneous. Genes for LGMD type 2B and Miyoshi myopathy (a form of DM) have been mapped to essentially the same region on chromosome 2p. We described recently a large inbred family with autosomal recessive muscular dystrophy in which the LGMD and the DM phenotypes were manifested in separate affected members, and we assigned the gene for this condition to the same locus as in LGMD2B and Miyoshi myopathy.

[Immunochemical correlates of the severity of Parkinson's disease].

The serum samples from 29 patients with Parkinson's disease were analysed for the levels of the autoantibodies (a-AB) and antiidiotype antibodies (AIAB) to the proteins of nervous system S-100, GFAP, NKP and MP-65. High levels of a-AB or AIAB to at least 3 proteins were seen in patients with severe course of the disease. No significant changes of these levels were observed in patients with light course of the disease.

Clinical and molecular analysis of a large family with three distinct phenotypes of progressive muscular dystrophy.

We describe a unique six-generation, highly consanguineous family originating from an isolated mountainous village in the Russian province of Daghestan. Three separate clinical phenotypes of progressive muscular dystrophy were identified in this large family. Seven patients developed a classical limb-girdle variant of muscular dystrophy (LGMD), with disease onset at 15-30 years and loss of ambulation within a 25-year course.