NLRX1 limits inflammatory neurodegeneration in the anterior visual pathway.

Chronic innate immune activation in the central nervous system (CNS) significantly contributes to neurodegeneration in progressive multiple sclerosis (MS). Using multiple experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) models, we discovered that NLRX1 protects neurons in the anterior visual pathway from inflammatory neurodegeneration. We quantified retinal ganglion cell (RGC) density and optic nerve axonal degeneration, gliosis, and T-cell infiltration in Nlrx1 and wild-type (WT) EAE mice and found increased RGC loss and axonal injury in Nlrx1 mice compared to WT mice in both active immunization EAE and spontaneous opticospinal encephalomyelitis (OSE) models.

Changes in the Liver Function and Hematological Parameters in Dengue Patients at a Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: Liver is most commonly affected in dengue often resulting in changes in the liver function test parameters. Alterations in hematological parameters are also reported which could serve as early prognostic markers especially in resource limited settings where serological tests for the diagnosis of dengue is not available. This study aims to analyze liver function test and hematological parameter changes in dengue infected patients.

Rectal foreign body and its association with social stigma and mental health: A case report.

Introduction: Rectal foreign bodies (FB), as a cause of surgical emergency are on the rise. The management is usually uneventful but delays in presentation are associated with complications and morbidity. Psychiatric illnesses account for a vast majority of FB insertion cases which is usually overlooked.

Aflatoxin M1 in milk and dairy products: The state of the evidence for child growth impairment.

Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is a metabolite of the more toxic aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) a mycotoxin produced by the fungi Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus; which contaminates maize, peanuts, tree nuts, and oilseeds, among other crops in warm regions of the world. When mammals consume AFB1 in these foods, they secrete AFM1 in milk.

Study on socio-economic status and farming practices of fish farmers in Pachrauta Municipality, Bara, Nepal.

An interview-based questionnaire survey was done in 2021 to assess the socio-economic conditions, farming practices adopted, and problems faced by fish farmers and to analyze the cost and benefits of fish farming in the Fish super zone area of Pachrauta Municipality, Bara district. A simple random sampling technique was used to select 60 respondents for the study and the information collected was analyzed and processed by MS-Excel and SPSS. The majority of respondents were male, belonged to the age group of 25-36 years, and had a secondary level of school education.

Modified Graham patch repair for cecal perforation: A case report.

Introduction And Importance: Acute appendicitis is a common cause of acute abdomen worldwide. The complications associated with it can sometimes be unpredictable and pose a dilemma in the management of such complications.

Case Presentation: A case of 18 year female with complaints of right iliac fossa pain and vomiting was diagnosed clinically as acute appendicitis and underwent emergency open appendectomy where a cecal perforation was encountered intra-operatively for which a Modified Graham's Patch Repair was done.

Feed handling practices, aflatoxin awareness and children's milk consumption in the Sidama region of southern Ethiopia.

Consumption of milk is linked to improved nutrient intake and reduced risk of child malnutrition in low and middle-income countries. However, these benefits are contingent on the safety and quality of the milk. Milk consumption may alleviate the widespread risk of malnutrition in rural Ethiopia, but milk-borne contaminants may also compromise child health.

Modeling measles transmission in adults and children: Implications to vaccination for eradication.

Despite the availability of successful vaccines, measles outbreaks have occurred frequently in recent years, presumably due to the lack of proper vaccination implementation. Moreover, measles cases in adult groups, albeit small in number, indicate that the previously neglected adult group may need to be brought into vaccine coverage to achieve WHO's goal of measles eradication from the globe. In this study, we develop a novel transmission dynamics model to describe measles cases in adults and children to evaluate the role of adult infection in persistent measles cases and vaccination programs for eradication.

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Occupational Voice Disorders in Nepalese Teachers: A Cross-Sectional Study.

 Teachers are a high-risk group for the development of vocal dysfunction, as they use voice extensively in their profession.  To know the prevalence and risk factors associated with voice strain in teachers.  A cross-sectional study was conducted among schoolteachers in Chitwan, Nepal.

Propylthiouracil-Induced Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody (ANCA)-Associated Vasculitis Presenting with Multiple Sterile Abscesses, Mononeuritis Multiplex, and Splenic Vein Thrombosis: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV) represents a rare group of disorders, that traditionally includes diseases like granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA), and microscopic polyangiitis (MPA). However, AAV can also be triggered by medications such as propylthiouracil (PTU). This article focuses on the subset of drug-induced AAV.

Severe Lactic Acidosis and Hypoglycemia Associated With Burkitt Lymphoma and the Warburg Effect.

Type B lactic acidosis secondary to the Warburg effect is a rare metabolic complication associated with hematological malignancies. Type B lactic acidosis occurs without tissue dysoxia due to increased aerobic glycolysis and excess lactic acid formation, commonly known as the Warburg effect. Here, we present a case of Burkitt lymphoma in a 69-year-old female with severe type B lactic acidosis and hypoglycemia that was effectively treated by the prompt initiation of chemotherapy.

Study protocol to assess aflatoxin M1 health risks versus benefits of dairy consumption in Ethiopian children: an epidemiological trial and risk-benefit analysis.

Introduction: In Sidama, Ethiopia, animal-source foods can be difficult to access. Milk has important nutrients for child growth, but carries the risk of aflatoxin M (AFM) contamination. AFM is a metabolite of the mycotoxin aflatoxin B (AFB) in dairy feed; cows secrete AFM in milk when their feed contains AFB produced by fungi in maize, nuts and oilseeds.

Development of Polylactic Acid Films with Alkali- and Acetylation-Treated Flax and Hemp Fillers via Solution Casting Technique.

This study aims to enhance value addition to agricultural byproducts to produce composites by the solution casting technique. It is well known that PLA is moisture-sensitive and deforms at high temperatures, which limits its use in some applications. When blending with plant-based fibers, the weak point is the poor filler-matrix interface.

Adult-Onset Multifocal Cutaneous Myofibromas: A Case Report of a Rare Entity.

Myofibromas are observed in both infantile and adult presentations, with key differences in the number and severity of lesions between these two groups. Infantile presentations encompass both indolent, isolated cutaneous lesions, as well as aggressive, multicentric presentations with visceral involvement. Adult myofibromas appear to be characterized by a single isolated cutaneous lesion, generally asymptomatic and following a benign clinical course.

Possible Eliashberg-Type Superconductivity Enhancement Effects in a Two-Band Superconductor MgB_{2} Driven by Narrow-Band THz Pulses.

We study THz-driven condensate dynamics in epitaxial thin films of MgB_{2}, a prototype two-band superconductor (SC) with weak interband coupling. The temperature and excitation density dependent dynamics follow the behavior predicted by the phenomenological bottleneck model for the single-gap SC, implying adiabatic coupling between the two condensates on the ps timescale. The amplitude of the THz-driven suppression of condensate density reveals an unexpected decrease in pair-breaking efficiency with increasing temperature-unlike in the case of optical excitation.

Epidemiology and outcomes of emergency department visits in systemic lupus erythematosus: Insights from the nationwide emergency department sample (NEDS).

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients are prone to frequent emergency department (ED) visits. This study explores the epidemiology and outcomes of ED visits by patients with SLE utilizing the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample (NEDS).

Methods: Using NEDS (2019), SLE ED visits identified using ICD-10 codes (M32.

Perinatal depression among teenage mothers in a tertiary care teaching hospital of Nepal: A cross-sectional study.

The teenage pregnancy has serious adverse effect on physical and mental health of mothers and infants. This cross-sectional study was aimed to assess proportion of perinatal depression and well-being of teenage mothers in Nepal. Perinatal women were evaluated using Mental Health Continuum Short Form, and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale.

Topical Diclofenac-Induced Hepatotoxicity.

The hepatotoxic potential of diclofenac, a commonly used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent, is well established in literature. However, cases of diclofenac-induced liver disease have occurred almost exclusively with the oral formulation of this medication. We report the case of an elderly man with Paget's disease and osteoarthritis who developed acute hepatotoxicity, as evidenced by laboratory diagnostics, four months after use of topical diclofenac 1% gel.

Dry Beriberi Post Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery.

Bariatric surgery is an effective strategy for achieving substantial weight loss, prolonging survival, and improving the comorbidities associated with obesity. Nutritional deficiency is a commonly recognized post-procedural complication. Here, we present a case of a patient with paresthesia, lower extremity weakness, and altered mental status one year following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, who was found to have multiple vitamin and micronutrient deficiencies and was diagnosed with beriberi in the setting of profound thiamine deficiency.