A randomized placebo-controlled trial of traditional Chinese medicine as an add-on therapy to oral montelukast in the treatment of mild persistent asthma in children.

Objectives: Traditional Chinese medicine are commonly used for treatment of asthma. However, there are only very limited data about its efficacy in children. Therefore, we aimed to determine the efficacy of augmented Yu Ping Feng San (aYPFS) as an add-on to oral montelukast compared with montelukast alone for treatment of mild persistent asthma in children.

Improvement in quality of life after adenotonsillectomy in a child with Prader Willi syndrome.

We report a child with Prader Willi syndrome who developed obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). This patient underwent surgical treatment for OSA. There was improvement not only on her OSA but in her quality of life score as well.

Modified Epworth Sleepiness Scale in Chinese children with obstructive sleep apnea: a retrospective study.

Background And Objective: The purpose of this study is to assess whether Chinese children with high apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) are sleepier by a modified Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS).

Materials And Methods: Records were retrospectively reviewed. We included children who were between 3 and 12 years old, admitted for overnight polysomnogram because of suspected obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS).

Application of videotape in the screening of obstructive sleep apnea in children.

Objective: To determine if watching a videotape that shows features of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) will improve the accuracy of a verbally administered questionnaire in the prediction of OSA in pediatric snorers.

Patients And Methods: In a prospective single-blinded, randomized, controlled study at a pediatric clinic for sleep-disordered breathing, we studied children aged 0-18 years, who had been referred to a sleep laboratory for overnight polysomnography (PSG), and their parents from November 1999 to November 2000. The parents were randomized to answer a standard verbally administered panel of three questions (SQ) or a verbally administered panel of questions assisted by videotape (VQ).

The correlation among obesity, apnea-hypopnea index, and tonsil size in children.

Background: The correlation between obesity and severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is well established in adults, but data are inconsistent in children. We hypothesized that there is a significant correlation between the degree of obesity and the severity of OSA in children.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed records of weight, height, history, and polysomnography of all 1- to 15- year-old children referred to our sleep laboratory.

Twenty-four-hour ambulatory BP in snoring children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a known risk factor for hypertension in adults. This relationship is less clear in childhood OSAS.

Objective: This study examined the relationship between OSAS and 24-h ambulatory BP (ABP), a more accurate assessment than casual BP, in children with snoring.

An update on childhood snoring.

Unlabelled: Habitual snoring or daily snoring is a symptom of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in children and it is reported in about 10% of children. SDB includes primary snoring, upper airway resistance syndrome (UARS), obstructive hypoventilation syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Classification of SDB in a particular snoring child requires an overnight polysomnography (PSG).

A review of the roles of allergic rhinitis in childhood obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.

The aim of this study was to review the literature to evaluate the association between allergic rhinitis (AR) and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in childhood. A PubMed literature search (January 1970 to February 2005) was conducted using the following key words: obstructive sleep apnea, allergic rhinitis, and mouth breathing. The retrieved articles were reviewed and the levels of evidence were assessed.

Effect of a structured asthma education program on hospitalized asthmatic children: a randomized controlled study.

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of an intensive asthma education program (group B) with that of a standard asthma education program (group A).

Methods: A prospective randomized single blinded study was conducted in the pediatric department of a public hospital in Hong Kong. Children aged 2-15 years admitted to the pediatric department with an acute attack of asthma were recruited.

Parental use of the term "Hot Qi" to describe symptoms in their children in Hong Kong: a cross sectional survey "Hot Qi" in children.

Background: The Chinese term "Hot Qi" is often used by parents to describe symptoms in their children. The current study was carried out to estimate the prevalence of using the Chinese term "Hot Qi" to describe symptoms in children by their parents and the symptomatology of "Hot Qi".

Method: A cross sectional survey by face-to-face interview with a semi-structured questionnaire was carried out in a public hospital and a private clinic in Hong Kong.

Prevalence of sleep problems in Hong Kong primary school children: a community-based telephone survey.

Study Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of snoring, witnessed sleep apnea, teeth grinding, primary and secondary nocturnal enuresis, and sleep duration in Hong Kong primary school children.

Design: Cross-sectional telephone questionnaire survey in a community.

Participants: A total of 3,047 6- to 12-year-old apparently healthy children.

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome secondary to pharyngolaryngomalacia in a neonate with Down syndrome.

We described a case of obstructive sleep apnea secondary (OSAS) to pharyngomalacia and laryngomalacia in a neonate with Down syndrome. She presented with oxygen requirement and paradoxical breathing without stridor. Sleep polysomnography revealed obstructive apnea (obstructive apneic index of 14 h(-1)).

A brief report on the normal range of forehead temperature as determined by noncontact, handheld, infrared thermometer.

Background: Noncontact forehead temperature measurement by handheld infrared thermometer was used as a screening tool for fever. However, the accuracy data and normal range of forehead temperature determined by this method were not available.

Methods: The temperature readings from 3 handheld infrared thermometers were validated against an electronic thermometer.

A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of acupuncture for the treatment of childhood persistent allergic rhinitis.

Objective: To compare active acupuncture with sham acupuncture for the treatment of persistent allergic rhinitis among children.

Methods: Subjects with persistent allergic rhinitis were recruited from the pediatric outpatient clinic. They were randomized to receive either active acupuncture or sham acupuncture.