Management of advanced prostate cancer in the Asia-Pacific region: Summary of the Asia-Pacific Advanced Prostate Cancer Consensus Conference 2023.

Aim: The aim of the third Asia-Pacific Advanced Prostate Cancer Consensus Conference (APAC APCCC 2023) was to discuss the application in the Asia-Pacific (APAC) region of consensus statements from the 4th Advanced Prostate Cancer Consensus Conference (APCCC 2022).

Methods: The one-day meeting in July 2023 brought together 27 experts from 14 APAC countries. The meeting covered five topics: (1) Intermediate- and high-risk and locally advanced prostate cancer; (2) Management of newly diagnosed metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer; (3) Management of non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer; (4) Homologous recombination repair mutation testing; (5) Management of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Comparing outcomes of transperineal to transrectal prostate biopsies performed under local anaesthesia.

Objectives: To compare and review the outcomes of transperineal (TP) prostate biopsies with transrectal (TR) biopsies performed under local anaesthesia (LA). A review of the relevant published literature is presented.

Patients And Methods: We prospectively analysed 212 consecutive patients who underwent TP prostate biopsy using the PrecisionPoint™ access system under LA, at our institution from October 2018 to March 2020.

Health-related quality of life, psychological well-being, and sexual function in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia after prostatic surgery.

Aims And Background: Patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) may receive prostatic surgery due to severe lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). This study aimed to investigate the health-related quality of life (HRQoL), psychological well-being, and sexual function of patients with BPH after prostatic surgery and identify the predictors of HRQoL among this group of patients.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive, correlational study.

Health-related quality of life and psychological well-being in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Aims And Objectives: To examine the health-related quality of life and psychological well-being of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and identify the predictive factors of health-related quality of life.

Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia is highly prevalent in ageing men and causes bothersome lower urinary tract symptoms, which has a negative impact on their health-related quality of life. The current practice of managing benign prostatic hyperplasia focuses on relieving physical symptoms.

Automated dynamic fed-batch process and media optimization for high productivity cell culture process development.

Current industry practices for large-scale mammalian cell cultures typically employ a standard platform fed-batch process with fixed volume bolus feeding. Although widely used, these processes are unable to respond to actual nutrient consumption demands from the culture, which can result in accumulation of by-products and depletion of certain nutrients. This work demonstrates the application of a fully automated cell culture control, monitoring, and data processing system to achieve significant productivity improvement via dynamic feeding and media optimization.

Two-dimensional difference fluorescence gel electrophoresis to verify the scale-up of a non-affinity-based downstream process for isolation of a therapeutic recombinant antibody.

For therapeutic antibody production Protein A chromatography is often replaced by non-affinity-based purification sequences, which are considered as more economical. 2-D DIGE was applied for evaluation of scale-up of non-affinity based process of a humanized monoclonal antibody, anti-Rh(D) IgG(1), in comparison with other conventional analytical methods, like SDS-PAGE, Western blot, or SEC. Due to a high sensitivity of this technique (125 pg protein/spot) and high dynamic range of five orders of magnitude, low molecular weight impurities were detected in purified samples.

Regulation of XBP-1 signaling during transient and stable recombinant protein production in CHO cells.

X-box binding protein 1 (XBP-1) is a key regulator of cellular unfolded protein response (UPR). The spliced isoform of XBP-1, XBP-1S, is a transcription activator, which is expressed only when UPR is induced. However, the impact of recombinant protein production on the regulation of XBP-1 signaling in CHO cells is not well understood.

Overexpression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) in CHO cells for extended culture viability and improved recombinant protein production.

It has been widely reported that CHO cells undergo apoptosis in culture, despite supplementation of nutrients through fed-batch strategies. Improvement of cell viability in culture can effectively improve recombinant protein yield through extension of the culture's production lifespan, especially at high cell densities. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) have been reported to demonstrate anti-apoptotic effects against a wide range of physical and chemical stimuli through their ability to bind and act as antagonists to critical apoptotic molecules.

Two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis for comparison of affinity and non-affinity based downstream processing of recombinant monoclonal antibody.

Although Staphylococcus Protein A (SpA) affinity chromatography is the state of the art capture step for antibody purification, non-affinity methods are more economical. We used two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis (2-D DIGE) to evaluate the purification of a recombinant IgG(1) antibody from cultured cells, with two different processes: (1) SpA capture followed by cation-exchange chromatography (CEX); and (2) CEX capture, followed by anion exchanger, then hydrophobic interaction chromatography. Efficiencies were similar in sodium dodecylsulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and size-exclusion chromatography; however, 2-D DIGE revealed higher efficiency with SpA than with CEX capture.

2-D DIGE to expedite downstream process development for human monoclonal antibody purification.

Two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis (2-D DIGE) is an established method for assessing protein expression strategies, understanding pathogenesis mechanisms, characterizing biomarkers, and controlling therapeutic processes. We applied 2-D DIGE to facilitate the development of a purification process for a recombinant IgG1 antibody against Rhesus D antigen expressed by Chinese hamster ovary cells. The variability of two expression clones as well as the influence of cell viability on the host-cell protein pattern was assessed quantitatively.

A study of monoclonal antibody-producing CHO cell lines: what makes a stable high producer?

Generating stable, high-producing cell lines for recombinant protein production requires an understanding of the potential limitations in the cellular machinery for protein expression. In order to increase our understanding of what makes a stable high producer, we have generated a panel of 17 recombinant monoclonal antibody expressing Chinese hamster ovary subclones (CHO-mAb) with specific productivities ranging between 3 and 75 pg cell(-1) day(-1) using the dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) expression system and compared the molecular features of these high- and low-producer clones. The relative heavy chain (HC) and light chain (LC) transgene copy numbers and mRNA levels were determined using real-time quantitative PCR (RT qPCR).