Large language models and artificial intelligence chatbots in vascular surgery.

Natural language processing is a subfield of artificial intelligence that aims to analyze human oral or written language. The development of large language models has brought innovative perspectives in medicine, including the potential use of chatbots and virtual assistants. Nevertheless, the benefits and pitfalls of such technology need to be carefully evaluated before their use in health care.

Simulation Training in Vascular and Endovascular Surgery: A Nationwide Survey Among Surgeon Educators and Trainees in France.

Background: Vascular surgical training is evolving towards simulation-based methods to enhance skill development, ensure patient safety, and adapt to changing regulations. This study aims to investigate the utilization of simulation training among vascular surgeons in France, amidst ongoing shifts in teaching approaches and educational reforms.

Methods: A national survey assessed the experiences and perceptions of vascular surgery professionals regarding simulation training.

Laparoscopic resection of pancreatic masses in 12 dogs.

Objective: To describe the surgical management and outcome of dogs undergoing laparoscopic pancreatic mass resection (LPMR).

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Animals: Twelve client-owned dogs.

Is pneumothorax secondary to pneumoperitoneum a real risk in dogs undergoing total laparoscopic gastropexy?

Background: There were described in veterinary literature, the possibility of pneumothorax as a complication of laparoscopic surgery in dogs undergoing laparoscopic ovariectomy associated with total laparoscopic gastropexy.

Aim: To assess if spontaneous pneumothorax secondary to pneumoperitoneum is a real risk in dogs undergoing total laparoscopic gastropexy.

Methods: Dogs undergoing totally laparoscopic gastropexy received chest X-rays (CXR) in lateral (left and right) and ventro-dorsal projection before and after the surgery.

Primary care experience on Stimunex gocce in children with recurrent respiratory infections: a real-world study during the COVID-19 pandemic era.

Background: Respiratory infections (RI) significantly burden society, mainly when there are recurrent respiratory infections (RRI). Thus, there is a need to prevent RI in clinical practice. In this regard, the modulation of the immune system and resolution of the inflammatory cascade could represent an ideal way to prevent RI.

Laparoscopic portosystemic shunt attenuation in two cats.

Case Series Summary: Gradual attenuation of an extrahepatic portosystemic shunt using cellophane banding was achieved with a laparoscopic technique in two cats. The portosystemic shunts were treated via a right or left lateral laparoscopic approach. Ultrasonography or CT angiography were used to verify the results of surgery.

Laparoscopic portosystemic shunt attenuation in 20 dogs (2018-2021).

Objective: To describe the technique, complications, and outcome of laparoscopic portosystemic shunt attenuation (LPSSA) in dogs.

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Animals: Twenty client-owned dogs.

Predictors of contralateral prophylactic mastectomy in genetically high risk newly diagnosed breast cancer patients.

Purpose: Recent trends indicate increased use of contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) among newly diagnosed breast cancer patients, particularly those who test positive for a pathogenic variant in the BRCA1/2 genes. However, the rate of CPM among patients who test negative or choose not to be tested is surprisingly high. We aimed to identify patient predictors of CPM following breast cancer diagnosis among such patients.

Author Correction: Attenuation of RNA polymerase II pausing mitigates BRCA1-associated R-loop accumulation and tumorigenesis.

This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15908.

Use of Streptococcus salivarius K12 to reduce the incidence of pharyngo-tonsillitis and acute otitis media in children: a retrospective analysis in not-recurrent pediatric subjects.

Background: Previous trials, performed in subjects affected by recurrent streptococcal pharyngo-tonsillar infection, have shown that the use for 90 days of Streptococcus salivarius K12 (K12), an oral colonizing probiotic producing lantibiotic bacteriocins, reduces the occurrence of streptococcal and viral pharyngitis and acute otitis media (AOM). The aim was to evaluate the role of K12 in reducing the incidence of streptococcal and viral pharyngo-tonsillitis and AOM when administered in two separate trimesters, from October to December and then from April to June, in pediatric subjects with non-recurrent streptococcal infection.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the incidence of pharyngo-tonsillitis and AOM in 133 children by comparing the number of episodes occurring between September 1st, 2014 and August 31st, 2015, when no treatment with K12 was given, with the period between September 1st, 2015 and August 31st, 2016, when K12 was administered.

Attenuation of RNA polymerase II pausing mitigates BRCA1-associated R-loop accumulation and tumorigenesis.

Most BRCA1-associated breast tumours are basal-like yet originate from luminal progenitors. BRCA1 is best known for its functions in double-strand break repair and resolution of DNA replication stress. However, it is unclear whether loss of these ubiquitously important functions fully explains the cell lineage-specific tumorigenesis.

[ECG for non-competitive sports in childhood: strengths and disputes].

Background: Sport is very important for health promotion and conservation. Active lifestyle and regular exercise reduce cardiovascular disease incidence. The Italian Ministry of Health issued the Law Decree no.

Acute kidney transplant rejection mediated by angiotensin II type 1 receptor antibodies in a pediatric hyperimmune patient.

Background: Several cases of severe antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) secondary to antibodies against the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R-Ab) have been described with variable outcome.

Case-diagnosis/treatment: We report the case of a 13-year-old boy whose first kidney transplant failed due to steroid-resistant acute cellular rejection, with the subsequent development of sensitization. He received a second kidney transplant which was complicated by early humoral rejection, with weakly positive staining for the complement degradation product C4d.

The efficacy of Italian guidelines in promoting oral health in children and adolescents.

Aim: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of the guidelines on oral health published by the Italian Health Ministry.

Study Design: 1239 patients (582 girls and 657 boys) with a mean age of 4.46 (SD 2.

Synthesis and self-assembly of terpyridine end-capped poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-block-poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) diblock copolymers.

At the basis of smart self-assembled materials are lying small building blocks that can hierarchically assemble in response to stimuli, e.g., temperature or chemical species.

Preventive effects of oral probiotic on infantile colic: a prospective, randomised, blinded, controlled trial using Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938.

Infants were recruited in four centres in North-West Italy. 138 infants were assessed for eligibility, 113 ones underwent randomisation and 105 completed the study. Newborns aged less than 10 days of life, with gestational age between 37 and 42 weeks, birth weight from 2,500 to 4,300 g and normal physical examination were recruitable.

Virtual crossmatch in kidney transplantation.

Background: The Luminex Single-Antigen Beads (LSA) assay allows an accurate detection and characterization of preexisting donor-specific antibodies (DSA) in kidney transplant candidates. But the ability of LSA to detect quite low levels of antibodies makes it hard to correctly predict crossmatch results in donor selection. In this study we retrospectively analyzed the accuracy of our virtual crossmatch (v-XM) protocol, which was used for selection of potential kidney transplant recipients, in predicting the results of actual crossmatch (a-XM) in cadaver-donor renal transplantation.

B-sides serologic markers of immunogenicity in kidney transplanted patients: report from 2012-2013 flu vaccination experience.

Background: Safety and immunogenicity data of seasonal influenza vaccination in transplanted patients (Tps) are controversial. Preexisting cross-reactive antibodies generated by repeated vaccination with drift variant strains could bias interpretation of immunogenicity data in Tp.

Methods: The unadjuvanted 2012-2013 seasonal influenza vaccine was administered to 81 kidney Tps being routinely vaccinated against influenza and 23 healthy controls (HCs).

Long-term satisfaction and quality of life following risk reducing surgery in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers.

Background: As BRCA1/2 testing becomes more routine, questions remain about long-term satisfaction and quality of life following testing. Previously, we described long term distress and risk management outcomes among women with BRCA1/2 mutations. This study addresses positive psychological outcomes in BRCA1/2 carriers, describing decision satisfaction and quality of life in the years following testing.

Graves disease in children: thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibodies as remission markers.

Objective: To evaluate clinical and biochemical features of 115 children (98 female, mean age 11.3 ± 3.5 years) with Graves disease to identify possible determinants of remission.