Publications by authors named "Poespoprodjo J"

Article Synopsis
  • This study investigates the effectiveness and safety of different primaquine dosing strategies in preventing relapsing Plasmodium vivax malaria in children under 15 years.
  • A systematic review was conducted, analyzing various studies involving children treated with primaquine, focusing on those who received treatment over multiple days and were followed up for at least 28 days.
  • The findings from 3514 children across 27 studies were compiled to analyze different dosing regimens, assess the risk of recurrent malaria, and evaluate tolerability and safety concerning adverse effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Plasmodium vivax contributes significantly to global malaria morbidity. Key advances include the discovery of pathways facilitating invasion by P. vivax merozoites of nascent reticulocytes, crucial for vaccine development.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Plasmodium vivax lactate dehydrogenase (PvLDH) is an essential enzyme in the glycolytic pathway of P. vivax. It is widely used as a diagnostic biomarker and a measure of total-body parasite biomass in vivax malaria.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Splenomegaly, or spleen enlargement, is commonly found in patients with malarial anemia caused by Plasmodium falciparum or P. vivax, but the reasons for this connection are not fully understood.
  • A study in Papua, Indonesia measured red blood cell (RBC) concentrations in the spleens of 37 patients, discovering that spleen size correlated positively with the amount of red-pulp and negatively with white-pulp, indicating a relationship between spleen composition and size.
  • The research revealed that retained RBCs, primarily uninfected, accounted for significant blood loss in P. falciparum infections, and this retention correlated negatively with hemoglobin levels and circulating RBC counts, highlighting the impact
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • About 0.1% to 0.3% of red blood cells (RBCs) in humans form complexes with platelets, which can increase in certain diseases, but their role in healthy blood is unclear.
  • Researchers found that older RBCs are more likely to form these platelet-RBC complexes, with a tenfold increase in aged cells compared to younger ones.
  • The study suggests that platelets help clear senescent RBCs from the bloodstream, and disturbances in platelet levels can lead to issues with RBC balance, potentially raising thrombosis risk in conditions like immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) or after spleen removal.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Malaria is resurging in many African and South American countries, exacerbated by COVID-19-related health service disruption. In 2021, there were an estimated 247 million malaria cases and 619 000 deaths in 84 endemic countries. Plasmodium falciparum strains partly resistant to artemisinins are entrenched in the Greater Mekong region and have emerged in Africa, while Anopheles mosquito vectors continue to evolve physiological and behavioural resistance to insecticides.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Severe malaria after splenectomy has been reported with infections with Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium knowlesi, and Plasmodium malariae, but is less well-characterized with Plasmodium vivax. We describe a case of severe P. vivax malaria with hypotension, prostration, and acute kidney injury occurring 2 months after splenectomy in Papua, Indonesia.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Reducing the risk of recurrent Plasmodium vivax malaria is critical for malaria control and elimination. Primaquine (PQ) is the only widely available drug against P. vivax dormant liver stages, but is recommended as a 14-day regimen, which can undermine adherence to a complete course of treatment.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Indonesia is a high-burden tuberculosis (TB) country with a wide case detection gap, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to review the epidemiology of TB in a high-endemic setting of Indonesia before and during the implementation of health system strengthening activities for TB, including during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic. We analysed TB program data from Mimika District, Papua, Indonesia from 2014 to 2021.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Circulating myeloid-derived-suppressor-cells (MDSC) with immunosuppressive function are increased in human experimental Plasmodium falciparum infection, but have not been studied in clinical malaria.

Methods: Using flow-cytometry, circulating polymorphonuclear-MDSC were evaluated in cryopreserved samples from patients with uncomplicated Plasmodium vivax (n = 8) and uncomplicated (n = 4) and severe (n = 16) falciparum malaria from Papua, Indonesia.

Results: The absolute number of circulating polymorphonuclear-MDSC were significantly elevated in severe falciparum malaria patients compared to controls (n = 10).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Primaquine and tafenoquine are the only licensed drugs with activity against Plasmodium vivax hypnozoites but cause haemolysis in patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. Malaria also causes haemolysis, leading to the replacement of older erythrocytes with low G6PD activity by reticulocytes and young erythrocytes with higher activity. Aim of this study was to assess the impact of acute malaria on G6PD activity.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Asymptomatic infections of P. falciparum malaria in adults may hinder clinical immunity rather than support it, serving as a reservoir for the parasite and aiding its transmission.
  • Researchers used a systems approach involving antibody responses and cell profiling to study the immune responses in individuals with symptomatic and asymptomatic malaria, linking certain immune cell profiles to a lower risk of clinical malaria.
  • Findings indicate that while some immune responses exist, asymptomatic infections also promote immunosuppressive mechanisms that could undermine effective immune control and vaccine responsiveness against malaria.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: There is a high risk of Plasmodium vivax recurrence in patients treated for Plasmodium falciparum malaria in co-endemic areas. Primaquine radical cure has the potential to reduce P vivax recurrences in patients presenting with P falciparum as well as P vivax malaria but is undermined by poor adherence to the currently recommended 14-day regimen. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of supervised versus unsupervised primaquine radical cure in patients presenting with uncomplicated malaria.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Drug resistant Plasmodium parasites are a major threat to malaria control and elimination. After reports of high levels of multidrug resistant P. falciparum and P.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • The study explores the complex role of IFN-γ in malaria, particularly its influence on T follicular helper cells and memory B cells, which are crucial for effective antibody responses and immunity.
  • Through single-cell mass cytometry, distinct populations of CD4+ T cells with the T-bet factor were identified, showing varying risks for Plasmodium vivax malaria outcomes, indicating that inflammation can sometimes be beneficial.
  • Additionally, specific types of memory B cells and T cell subsets were linked to reduced risk of symptomatic malaria, while others contributed to protection against asymptomatic infections, highlighting the need for both antibody and cell-mediated immunity in managing malaria.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: A very large biomass of intact asexual-stage malaria parasites accumulates in the spleen of asymptomatic human individuals infected with Plasmodium vivax. The mechanisms underlying this intense tropism are not clear. We hypothesised that immature reticulocytes, in which P.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) is a long-acting artemisinin combination treatment that provides effective chemoprevention and has been proposed as an alternative antimalarial drug for intermittent preventive therapy in pregnancy (IPTp). Several pharmacokinetic studies have shown that dose adjustment may not be needed for the treatment of malaria in pregnancy with DP. However, there are limited data on the optimal dosing for IPTp.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: There is a high risk of Plasmodium vivax parasitaemia following treatment of falciparum malaria. Our study aimed to quantify this risk and the associated determinants using an individual patient data meta-analysis in order to identify populations in which a policy of universal radical cure, combining artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) with a hypnozoitocidal antimalarial drug, would be beneficial.

Methods And Findings: A systematic review of Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews identified efficacy studies of uncomplicated falciparum malaria treated with ACT that were undertaken in regions coendemic for P.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The widespread use of primaquine (PQ) radical cure for P. vivax, is constrained by concerns over its safety. We used routinely collected patient data to compare the overall morbidity and mortality in patients treated with and without PQ without prior testing of Glucose-6-Phosphate-Dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency in Papua, Indonesia, where there is a low prevalence of G6PD deficiency.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Malaria disproportionately affects children younger than 5 years. Falciparum malaria is responsible for more than 200 000 child deaths per year in Africa and vivax malaria is well documented as a cause of severe anaemia and excess mortality in children in Asia and Oceania. For the treatment of malaria in children, paediatric dosing recommendations for several agents, including parenteral artesunate and dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine, have belatedly been shown to be suboptimal.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in millions of infections, hundreds of thousands of deaths and major societal disruption due to lockdowns and other restrictions introduced to limit disease spread. Relatively little attention has been paid to understanding how the pandemic has affected treatment, prevention and control of malaria, which is a major cause of death and disease and predominantly affects people in less well-resourced settings.

Main Body: Recent successes in malaria control and elimination have reduced the global malaria burden, but these gains are fragile and progress has stalled in the past 5 years.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Strongyloides stercoralis is a parasitic worm that is of considerable clinical relevance. Indeed, it may persist asymptomatically for many years, but can lead to potentially fatal dissemination when the host's immune status is impaired. As commonly employed stool microscopy techniques (e.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF