Phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) of Bosnia and Herzegovina: distribution, ecology and environmental preferences.

Sand flies (Diptera: Phlebotominae) are the principal vectors for the protozoan parasites Leishmania spp. and for phleboviruses. The sand fly fauna on the Balkan Peninsula, including Bosnia and Herzegovina (BIH), is diverse and the circulation of Leishmania infantum as well as phleboviruses has been proven.

A cross-sectional study on phlebotomine sand flies in relation to disease transmission in the Republic of Kosovo.

Sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) are blood-feeding insects that transmit the protozoan parasites Leishmania spp. and various arboviruses. The Balkan region, including the Republic of Kosovo, harbours a diverse sand fly fauna.

First Detection and Molecular Analysis of DNA in Sand Flies of Kosovo.

Phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) are the principal vectors of phleboviruses and spp., the causative agents of leishmaniases. The Mediterranean sand fly fauna is diverse, and leishmaniasis, mainly caused by is endemic in the Balkan countries.

Population pharmacokinetics of meropenem in patients undergoing automated peritoneal dialysis.

Background: Meropenem is a second-line agent for the treatment of peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis (PD peritonitis), while information on pharmacokinetics (PK) of intraperitoneal (i.p.) meropenem is limited in this patient group.

Ecology, seasonality and host preferences of Austrian Phlebotomus (Transphlebotomus) mascittii Grassi, 1908, populations.

Background: Sand flies are principal vectors of the protozoan parasites Leishmania spp. and are widely distributed in all warmer regions of the world, including the Mediterranean parts of Europe. In Central European countries, the sand fly fauna is still under investigation.

Phlebotomus (Adlerius) simici NITZULESCU, 1931: first record in Austria and phylogenetic relationship with other Adlerius species.

Background: Phlebotomine sand flies are the principal vectors of Leishmania spp. (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae). Information on sand flies in Central Europe is scarce and, to date, in Austria, only Phlebotomus mascittii has been recorded.

Integrative Approach to Grassi, 1908: First Record in Vienna with New Morphological and Molecular Insights.

Sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) are blood-feeding insects that transmit the protozoan parasites spp. and various arthropod-borne (arbo) viruses. While in Mediterranean parts of Europe the sand fly fauna is diverse, in Central European countries including Austria mainly is found, an assumed but unproven vector of .

Application errors associated with topical treatment of scabies: an observational study.

Background: In recent years, there has been a significant increase in scabies infestations throughout German-speaking countries. Given the high frequency of treatment failures, the question arises as to whether topical permethrin treatment is always performed correctly.

Patients And Methods: Our department uses a fluorescent test cream to teach patients on how to correctly apply topical permethrin.

Compatibility of aztreonam in four commercial peritoneal dialysis fluids.

The preferable route for treatment of peritoneal dialysis related peritonitis remains the intraperitoneal administration of antibiotics admixed to peritoneal dialysis fluids. It is important to know whether the administered drug is compatible with the PD fluids and its container. In the present study the compatibility of aztreonam with four commercial PDFs at storing temperatures and duration representative for storing conditions in the clinical settings was investigated.

Leishmania spp. seropositivity in Austrian soldiers returning from the Kosovo.

Leishmaniasis is a severe vector-borne disease with two main clinical forms, visceral leishmaniasis and cutaneous leishmaniasis. Both forms of leishmaniasis are also endemic in Mediterranean countries including the Balkan region from where mainly visceral leishmaniasis is reported. Austrian soldiers returning from Kosovo were screened for anti-Leishmania antibodies to assess the risk of infection during operations.

Low seroprotection rate for meningococcus serogroup C in the adult HIV-1-infected population in Austria.

Current Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) guidelines recommend immunization of all human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients against meningitis serotype ACWY due to recent outbreaks of meningitis C in homosexual men in the USA. Implementation of this recommendation in other countries, such as Austria is hindered by the scarce knowledge on the vaccine coverage. In this study the serostatus for meningococcus serogroup C was analyzed in 390 HIV-infected individuals residing in Austria.

Phlebovirus seroprevalence in Austrian Army personnel returning from missions abroad.

Background: Phleboviruses are mainly transmitted by sand flies and infections can result in various symptoms, including meningitis and meningoencephalitis. In endemic regions, seroprevalences in humans and animals are high. Military personnel on missions in endemic areas are at increased risk of infection, however, for soldiers from central European countries, data are scarce.

Compatibility of ciprofloxacin with commercial peritoneal dialysis solutions.

Intraperitoneal administration of antibiotics together with peritoneal dialysis fluids (PDFs) remains the preferable route for treatment of peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis. For home based therapy, antibiotic-containing PDFs are stored for up to two weeks and warmed up to body-temperature before administration. The present study investigated the compatibility of ciprofloxacin with five commercial PDFs at refrigeration-temperature, room-temperature and body-temperature.

Emergence of a dalbavancin induced glycopeptide/lipoglycopeptide non-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus during treatment of a cardiac device-related endocarditis.

In the present study, we demonstrated the emergence of dalbavancin non-susceptible and teicoplanin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus small colony variants which were selected in vivo through long-term treatment with dalbavancin. A 36-year-old man presented with a cardiac device-related S. aureus endocarditis and received long-term therapy with dalbavancin.

Compatibility of linezolid with commercial peritoneal dialysis solutions.

Purpose: Results of a compatibility and stability study of linezolid admixed in commercial peritoneal dialysis (PD) solutions stored at various temperatures are reported.

Methods: Test samples were prepared by adding linezolid i.v.

Predictors for influenza vaccine acceptance among patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases.

Background: Patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases are at higher risk for influenza and current guidelines recommend vaccination for this group of patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the vaccination coverage and predictors for influenza vaccination among patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases.

Methods: This survey was conducted at the outpatient rheumatology clinic at the Medical University of Vienna between July and October 2017.

Dalbavancin for treatment of implant-related methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis in an experimental rat model.

Dalbavancin is a new semisynthetic lipoglycopeptide with improved antimicrobial activity against various gram-positive pathogens. It demonstrates an extensive plasma half-life which permits outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy with weekly intervals and might therefore be an excellent treatment alternative for patients requiring prolonged antimicrobial therapy. The present study investigated dalbavancin monotherapy in an experimental implant-related methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) osteomyelitis model.

Pharmacokinetics of the P-gp Inhibitor Tariquidar in Rats After Intravenous, Oral, and Intraperitoneal Administration.

Background And Objective: P-glycoprotein (P-gp), a transmembrane transporter expressed at the blood-brain barrier, restricts the distribution of diverse central nervous system-targeted drugs from blood into brain, reducing their therapeutic efficacy. The third-generation P-gp inhibitor tariquidar (XR9576) was shown to enhance brain distribution of P-gp substrate drugs in humans. Oral bioavailability of tariquidar was found to be low in humans requiring the compound to be administered intravenously, which hinders a broader clinical use.

Influence of different peritoneal dialysis fluids on the in vitro activity of fosfomycin against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Peritonitis is still the main infectious complication among patients on peritoneal dialysis. For treatment of peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis, the intraperitoneal administration of antibiotics admixed to peritoneal dialysis fluids (PDFs) should be preferred. However, the influence of diverse PDFs on the activity of frequently used antibiotics has been investigated insufficiently.

Leishmania infections in Austrian soldiers returning from military missions abroad: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: The incidence of leishmaniasis is known to increase in conflict areas. The aims of this study were to determine the exposure to Leishmania species in Austrian soldiers returning from missions abroad and to assess possible risk factors.

Methods: A retrospective explorative cross-sectional serologic study was conducted in 225 healthy Austrian soldiers returning from UN or EU peacekeeping missions in Syria, Lebanon and Bosnia and Herzegovina (BIH).

Compatibility of fosfomycin with different commercial peritoneal dialysis solutions.

For treatment of peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis, intraperitoneal administration of antibiotics remains the preferable route. For home-based therapy, patients are commonly supplied with peritoneal dialysis fluids already containing antimicrobial agents. The present study set out to investigate the compatibility of fosfomycin with different peritoneal dialysis fluids, namely, Extraneal, Nutrineal, Physioneal 1.

Predictors for and coverage of influenza vaccination among HIV-positive patients: a cross-sectional survey.

Objectives: Influenza vaccination is recommended for HIV-infected patients, but limited data about vaccination rates are available. The aim of this study was to evaluate the coverage of and predictors for influenza vaccination among HIV-positive patients.

Methods: All HIV-positive patients who visited the HIV out-patient department of the University Hospital of Vienna, Austria, between June and August 2015 were asked to participate in this survey by completing a questionnaire.

Influence of Different Peritoneal Dialysis Fluids on the In Vitro Activity of Cefepime, Ciprofloxacin, Ertapenem, Meropenem and Tobramycin Against Escherichia Coli.

♦ BACKGROUND: Peritonitis is a major problem among patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD). The influence of diverse PD fluids on the activity of frequently used antibiotics has been insufficiently investigated. Thus, the present study set out to investigate the impact of different PD fluids on the activity of cefepime, ciprofloxacin, ertapenem, meropenem, and tobramycin against Escherichia coli.

Compatibility of Meropenem with Different Commercial Peritoneal Dialysis Solutions.

♦ BACKGROUND: Intraperitoneal administration of antimicrobial agents is recommended for the treatment of peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related peritonitis. For home-based antimicrobial therapy it is common to supply patients with PD fluid bags with admixed antibiotic. Thus, the compatibility of meropenem with different PD fluids (PDFs), namely Extraneal, Physioneal 1.