Dutch dentists' decisions to take bitewing radiographs.

A postal questionnaire was sent to a 10% (n = 444) national random sample of Dutch dental practitioners. The response was 77% (n = 344). The practitioners prescribed bitewings on average for 57% of "new" 25-yr-old patients.

Pathways to full mouth extraction.

The process of not attending the dentist is a vicious cycle in which anxiety plays a crucial role. A research project concerning the disease and non-disease reasons for full mouth extraction provided an opportunity to describe the dental histories in terms of dental attendance pattern and related factors which resulted in full dentures. Three profiles of dental histories could be outlined: 1) The regular attenders (19%).

Decision processes preceding full mouth extractions.

Full mouth extraction is the final step in a continuous process in which not only dental but also social processes play a role. In a research project concerning the reasons for full mouth extractions in The Netherlands, it was found that over one-third of the patients had considered full mouth extractions at least once before, and 16% considered it frequently over a period of many years. Anxiety was the most important reason for not visiting a dentist.

Dentists' and patients' opinions of the dental condition at moment of full clearance.

Reasons for full mouth extraction in an urban and a rural area in The Netherlands (dentist-patient ratio 1:2500 and 1:5700 respectively) have been studied. Patients who participated in this combined sociodental research project were those who received full mouth extractions over a period of 1 yr. The combined patient response was 75% and the overall dentist response 90%.

Relative importance of periodontal disease for full mouth extractions in the Netherlands.

In order to determine the relative importance of periodontal disease, caries and non-disease reasons for full mouth extractions, a combined sociodental study was carried out in an urban and a rural area in the Netherlands. In the largest proportion of patients (57%) caries was the predominant disease. In only a small group (13%) was periodontal breakdown the predominant characteristic.

Caries status at the moment of total tooth extraction in a rural and an urban area in the Netherlands.

Edentulousness varies with the availability and accessibility of dental care. Comparing the dental status of groups of patients getting full dentures might give insight into the effect of different levels of supply of dental care on the dental condition. Therefore a research project has been started in the Netherlands in an urban and a rural area, having dentist-patient ratios of 1:2,500 and 1:5,700 respectively.

Differences in total tooth extraction between an urban and a rural area in the Netherlands.

Differences in total tooth loss between an urban and a rural area (dentist-patient ratio 1:2500 and 1:5700 respectively) have been studied. Patients who participated in this study were those who received total tooth extraction during the calendar yr 1982 (urban area) and 1983 (rural area). The overall dentist response was 90%, the combined patient response was 75%.

Periodontal status and total tooth extraction in a medium-sized city in the Netherlands.

A combined sociodental research project was started in the city of Groningen in 1982 aimed at gaining insight into the reasons for total tooth extraction. Patients showing up for total tooth extraction during 1982 participated in this study by filling out a questionnaire concerning the underlying reasons for their decision to have all their teeth extracted. The dentists in this city were asked to collect all the extracted teeth and to fill out a short questionnaire for each patient about the reason (diagnosis) for the total tooth extraction.

Caries and total extraction in a medium-sized city in the Netherlands.

In 1982 a combined sociodental research project was started in the city of Groningen in order to gain insight into the dental and social reasons for total extraction. 91% of the dentists in the city participated in this study by collecting the extracted teeth, filling out a questionnaire and asking their patients to fill out another questionnaire concerning the behavioral aspects of total tooth loss. 78% of the 134 patients returned the questionnaire.

Amitriptyline plasma-concentration and clinical effect. A World Health Organisation Collaborative Study.

54 patients in five centres participated in a study of the relationship between steady-state plasma-levels of amitriptyline (AT) and its active metabolite nortriptyline (NT) and therapeutic response. The participants were inpatients who, after a 7-12 day period of assessment, were rated greater than or equal to 16 on the Hamilton rating scale for depression. They were given 75 mg of amitriptyline for 3 days and then 150 mg daily for an active-treatment period of 6 weeks.

Evidence for a probenecid-sensitive transport system of acid monoamine metabolites from the spinal subarachnoid space.

The location of probenecid-sensitive elimination mechanisms of monoamine metabolites from the cerebrospinal fluid of the cat was determined with ventriculo-cisternal or ventriculo-lumbar perfusion techniques. These techniques were described in detail. Levels of endogenous homovanillic acid and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid were assayed in the perfusate.