Untreated Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders Among Caregivers With Children Reported to Child Protective Services.

Importance: Mental and substance use disorders can interfere with parents' ability to care for their children and are associated with a greater likelihood of child protective services involvement to address child maltreatment. Parent engagement in psychiatric and substance use disorder treatment can prevent child maltreatment and family separations.

Objective: To determine whether caregivers with psychiatric or substance use disorders whose children were referred to child protective services received Medicaid-funded psychiatric or substance use disorder treatment.

Linked Child Welfare and Medicaid Data in Kentucky and Florida Highlights Racial Disparities in Access to Care.

Parents with serious mental health (MH) and substance use disorders (SUD) can face profound challenges caring for their children. MH/SUD treatment can improve outcomes for both parents and their children. This study evaluated whether parents with Medicaid with MH/SUD conditions whose children had child protective services (CPS) involvement were receiving MH/SUD treatment and whether receipt differed by race.

Comparing Patient and Provider Priorities Around Amputation Level Outcomes Using Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis.

Background: Patients with chronic limb threatening ischemia may require a transmetatarsal amputation (TMA) or a transtibial amputation. When making an amputation-level decision, these patients face a tradeoff-a TMA preserves more limb and may provide better mobility but has a lower probability of primary wound healing and may therefore result in additional same or higher level amputation surgeries with an associated negative impact on function. Understanding differences in how patients and providers prioritize these tradeoffs and other outcomes may enhance shared decision-making.

The Development and Pilot Study of a Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) to Compare Patient and Provider Priorities around Amputation-Level Outcomes.

Unlabelled: Patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia who are facing a lower-limb amputation often require a transmetatarsal amputation (TMA) or a transtibial amputation (TTA). A TMA preserves more of the patient's limb and may provide better mobility but has a lower probability of primary wound healing relative to a TTA and may result in additional amputation surgeries. Understanding the differences in how patients and providers prioritize key outcomes may enhance the amputation decisional process.

Estimating State-Level Health Burden of Diabetes: Diabetes-Attributable Fractions for Diabetes Complications.

Introduction: Limited information is available on the health burden of diabetes at the state level. This study estimated state-specific attributable fractions and the number of cases attributable to diabetes for diabetes-related complications.

Methods: For each state, diabetes-attributable fractions for nine diabetes complications were estimated: three self-reported complications from the 2013 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, hospitalizations with three complications from 2011 to 2014 State Inpatient Databases, and three complications from 2013 Medicare data.

Economic Costs Attributable to Diabetes in Each U.S. State.

Objective: To estimate direct medical and indirect costs attributable to diabetes in each U.S. state in total and per person with diabetes.

Diabetes-Attributable Nursing Home Costs for Each U.S. State.

Objective: To estimate the diabetes-attributable nursing home costs for each state.

Research Design And Methods: We used a diabetes-attributable fraction (AF) approach to estimate nursing home costs attributable to diabetes (in 2013 dollars) in aggregate and per person with diabetes in each state. We calculated the AFs as the difference in diabetes prevalence between nursing homes and the community.

Projected Costs of Informal Caregiving for Cardiovascular Disease: 2015 to 2035: A Policy Statement From the American Heart Association.

Introduction: In a recent report, the American Heart Association estimated that medical costs and productivity losses of cardiovascular disease (CVD) are expected to grow from $555 billion in 2015 to $1.1 trillion in 2035. Although the burden is significant, the estimate does not include the costs of family, informal, or unpaid caregiving provided to patients with CVD.

Estimation of Breast Cancer Incident Cases and Medical Care Costs Attributable to Alcohol Consumption Among Insured Women Aged <45 Years in the U.S.

Introduction: This study estimated the percentage of breast cancer cases, total number of incident cases, and total annual medical care costs attributable to alcohol consumption among insured younger women (aged 18-44 years) by type of insurance and stage at diagnosis.

Methods: The study used the 2012-2013 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, cancer incidence data from two national registry programs, and published relative risk measures to estimate the: (1) alcohol-attributable fraction of breast cancer cases among younger women by insurance type; (2) total number of breast cancer incident cases attributable to alcohol consumption by stage at diagnosis and insurance type among younger women; and (3) total annual medical care costs of treating breast cancer incident cases attributable to alcohol consumption among younger women. Analyses were conducted in 2016; costs were expressed in 2014 U.

Medical costs of treating breast cancer among younger Medicaid beneficiaries by stage at diagnosis.

Background: Younger women (aged 18-44 years) diagnosed with breast cancer often face more aggressive tumors, higher treatment intensity, and lower survival rates than older women. In this study, we estimated incident breast cancer costs by stage at diagnosis and by race for younger women enrolled in Medicaid.

Methods: We analyzed cancer registry data linked to Medicaid claims in North Carolina from 2003 to 2008.

A new methodological approach to adjust alcohol exposure distributions to improve the estimation of alcohol-attributable fractions.

Background And Aims: To assess the burden of excessive alcohol use, researchers estimate alcohol-attributable fractions (AAFs) routinely. However, under-reporting in survey data can bias these estimates. We present an approach that adjusts for under-reporting in the estimation of AAFs, particularly within subgroups.

Breast cancer treatment costs in younger, privately insured women.

Purpose: Younger women (under age 45 years) diagnosed with breast cancer often face more aggressive tumors, higher treatment intensity, lower survival rates, and greater financial hardship. The purpose of this study was to estimate breast cancer costs by stage at diagnosis during the first 18 months of treatment for privately insured younger women.

Methods: We analyzed North Carolina cancer registry data linked to claims data from private insurers from 2003 to 2010.

The status of school-based nutrition education at the state agency level.

The status of school-based nutrition education at the state agency level was examined. Telephone interviews with agencies in all 50 states revealed that nine states mandated nutrition be taught and another 21 included nutrition as a required topic in mandated subjects, frequently health. The other states had initiatives to promote school-based nutrition education but it was not required.

School health education to prevent the spread of AIDS: overview of a national programme.

The ultimate goal of CDC's School Health Education to Prevent the Spread of AIDS programme is to reduce the incidence of HIV infection among school-aged youth. Working objectives that integrate programme research and development activities are listed in the opposite Table. In 1982 it was estimated that of the 4.

Reliability of health knowledge measurement in very young children.

This study documented reliability of a picture identification instrument and determined its utility with young children in selected preschool programs. Three hundred eleven children, ages three-five, were selected from formal early childhood education programs in three states. A comprehensive health knowledge instrument, consisting of 30 items, was administered to all children, and a retest was administered two weeks later to a 20% randomly selected subsample.

Application of the role delineation project "Framework" to a professional preparation program.

Using the Framework for the Development of Competency-based Curricula for Entry Level Health Educators, the health education faculty at the University of Alabama at Birmingham reviewed and modified their undergraduate health education professional preparation program. Efforts focused on the five steps of preparation and study, review and organization of Framework subcompetencies, organization of Framework subcompetencies into potential courses, placement of objectives for courses, and revision of schedule and sequence for professional preparation courses. The process produced seven core courses to be required of all health education majors.