Experimental Reconstruction of the Optic Nerve with a Sural Nerve Graft: An in Vivo Experimental Study.

Background: Neurosurgical interventions and trauma are common causes of damage to the optic nerve. This determines the relevance of research for solutions aimed at restoration of the nerve's anatomical integrity, electrical conductivity, and subsequently - restoration of its function. Restore a damaged (cut) optic nerve using n.

[Intracellular pH measurement in glioblastoma cells: the possibilities of phosphorus-31 MR spectroscopy].

Objective: To analyze intracellular pH measurement with phosphorus-31 MR spectroscopy in glioblastoma cells and to compare these data with intracellular pH in healthy volunteers.

Material And Methods: There were 10 patients aged 41 - 67 years with supratentorial glioblastomas. Intracellular pH in glioblastoma cells was compared with pH in healthy persons.

[Evaluation of autogenous mandibular bone block resorption in horizontal alveolar ridge augmentation].

Aim: To perform a prospective evaluation of splitted bone block resorption after augmentation procedure using cone beam computed tomography, and evaluation of clinical results.

Material And Methods: Bone blocks were harvested from the external oblique line of the mandible in 100 patients aged from 23 to 68 years, (64 females and 36 males). All of them underwent ridge augmentation using splitted bone blocks (SBB) technique.

[The evaluation of the applicability of thermoplastic polymers as a denture base material].

Aim: To assess and compare physical and mechanical properties of various thermoplastic materials and their feasibility for the denture bases.

Material And Methods: Dakril-81 (Russia), Evichard (Avidsan Russia), polymethyl methacrylate (Saudi Arabia) were used for the comparative assessment of applicability of various brands of thermoplastic materials based on polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). The standard techniques were used for a detailed study of their physical and mechanical properties: flexural stress, modulus of elasticity, deformation under compression and tension, flowability.

[Individual preoperative 3D modeling of vascular brain pathology].

The possibility of segmenting three-dimensional objects by DICOM-series is well known and available both on specialized workstations and on personal computers. The technique, however, is relatively rarely used in clinical practice, and we believe that the benefits of preoperative preparation using segmented 3D models are underestimated. The article is devoted to our experience in using segmentation of anatomical structures based on CT and MRI for preoperative preparation for surgical operations performed in neurosurgical departments on patients with vascular pathology.

[Phosphorus (P) magnetic resonance spectroscopy for evaluation of brain tissue metabolism and measuring non-invasive pH. A study involving 23 volunteers. Part I].

Evaluation of brain metabolism is an important part in examination of brain lesions. Phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy opens up great opportunities for studying the energy metabolism and allows noninvasive examination of metabolic processes occurring both in healthy and in pathologic brain tissue by obtaining a spectrum of phosphorus-containing metabolites involved in the turnover of cell membrane phospholipids. The technique presented in this paper was used to conduct P MR spectroscopy and to estimate the ratio between the peaks of the main metabolites and intracellular pH of the healthy brain tissue of 23 volunteers in the age group under 30 years old in clinical settings.

[The paper summarizes data on laboratory and clinical assessment of Corega dent Laboratory and clinical analysis of Corega denture adhesive cream mechanical properties].

The paper summarizes data on laboratory and clinical assessment of Corega denture adhesive cream adhesive properties: adhesion strength and time of adhesive material fixing. Clinical assessment was based on Ulitovsky-Leontyev denture fixation index evaluated in 18 edentulous patients with full removable dentures 1 and 12 months after denture manufacturing. After one year of evaluation denture fixation in patients using Corega denture adhesive cream was 8-15% better (depending on alveolar bed anatomy) than in controls proving that Corega improves full denture adaptation to physiological atrophy of alveolar bone.

fMRI study of the dominant hemisphere for language in patients with brain tumor.

The Aim Of The Study: Paper describes a study of language lateralization of patients with brain tumors, measured by preoperative functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and comparison results with tumor histology and profile of functional asymmetry.

Methods: During the study 21 patient underwent fMRI scan. 15 patients had a tumor in the left and 6 in the right hemisphere.

[Neurodegenerative process in multiple sclerosis and a possible neuroprotective effect of β-interferon 1a (avonex)].

To evaluate clinical perspectives of proton multi-voxel magnetic-resonance spectroscopy (PMMRS) for monitoring the severity of multiple sclerosis (MS) and neurodegenerative process, we studied the changes of the NAA/Cr ratio in the brain tissue of patients with MS and calculated the correlations between this parameter and the clinical state of patients. Based on these results, we studied the potential neuroprotective effect of β-interferon 1a (avonex) for intramuscular injection in patients with remitting MS. Twenty-six patients with remitting MS were enrolled in the study.

[The neurodegenerative process in multiple sclerosis and the possible neuroprotective effect of treatment with Β-interferon 1a (avonex)].

The aim of the study was to investigate the change of NAA/Cr ratio in the brain parenchyma in patients with MS with the help of protonic multivoxel magnetic resonance spectroscopy (PMMRS) and to detect the correlation between this factor and clinical status of the patients. The study was also performed in order to investigate whether this method can be potentially used for monitoring of the severity of the disease and severity of the neurodegenerative process. On the basis of this knowledge potential neuroprotective effect of the interferon beta 1a (IFN Β1а) i.

[CyberKnife stereotactic radiosurgery in the treatment of patients with trigeminal neuralgia].

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a disabling disease with severe impairment of quality of life and everyday activity of patients. Range of treatment modalities is wide and includes conservative therapy, surgical methods and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). SRS is a minimally invasive technique which provides good results and minimal rate of complications.

[Early results of irradiation of intracranial meningiomas using CyberKnife].

Meningiomas are frequently diagnosed intracranial lesions which cannot be resected radically in the majority of cases. Traditional radiotherapeutical techniques allow control of tumor growth in such situations. CyberKnife system may be used for radiosurgery and in sight hypofractionation.

[Intraosseous cranioorbital hemangiomas].

The authors describe 2 cases of primary intraosseous cavernous hemangioma (PICH). PICH are extremely rare tumors that represent less than 1% of all tumors of the bone. Only 20% of them involve skull.

[Syndrome of cerebral hyperperfusion after carotid endarterectomy].

Unlabelled: The aim of this study was to assess the role of different modalities in early diagnosis of cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome (CHPS) following carotid endarterectomy, as well as to develop effective treatment protocol for abovementioned complication.

Material And Methods: Study group consisted of 61 patient who underwent uni- or bilateral carotid endarterectomy (CEA). Diagnostic modalities included transcranial Doppler study (TCD), cerebral oximetry, perfusion CT scanning and neuropsychological evaluation.

[The role of susceptibility-weighted MRI in detection of ruptured aneurysm in multiple aneurysms].

Since 2008 till 2010 years 22 patients with multiple aneurysms were examined in Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute (Moscow, Russia). The series included 13 female and 9 male patients, age ranged from 28 to 62 years (mean 45 years). 68 aneurysms of different localization were discovered in these 22 patients.

[Multiple echinococcosis of brain, heart and kidneys].

The authors report a rare case of multiple echinococcosis (brain, heart and kidneys). Neuronavigation, intraoperative ultrasound scanning have allowed to plan exact and non-traumatic access to the cysts. Microsurgical technique and intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring provided removal of seven cysts without their rupture from the left parietooccipital and right parietal area with good postoperative functional result.

[FMRI-EEG estimation of cerebral reactivity to motor tasks in patients with brain tumors].

fMRI (1.5 or 3 T) and EEG studies with estimation of reactive responses on motor task (by right or left hand) were performed in 9 patients with tumors localized in frontal lobe of the brain. Results of this investigation were compared with results of the similar study in 12 healthy persons.

[Linear accelerator-based stereotactic radiation treatment of patients with medial middle fossa meningiomas].

Medial middle fossa meningiomas are challenging for neurosurgical treatment. Invasion of cranial nerves and vessels leads to high risk of complications after removal of such meningiomas. Currently methods of conformal stereotactic radiation treatment are applied wider and wider for the discussed lesions.

[Microsurgical treatment of large and giant aneurysms of the internal carotid artery: analysis of application of intravascular blood aspiration technique and future perspectives].

The article discusses results of surgical treatment of 82 patients with large and giant cerebral aneurysms operated in Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute (Moscow, Russia) during the recent 14 years. Special attention was given to benefits of intravascular blood aspiration (IBA) technique. This technique was proven to be very effective, allowing to clip the aneurysm in 87.

[Complex MR-diagnosis of brain abscesses].

Early diagnosis of brain inflammatory lesion is a basic factor in choosing treatment policy. The paper investigates the use and informative value of diffuse-weighed magnetic resonance imaging in the differential diagnosis of brain abscesses and processes of another origin. It also considers the application of MR spectroscopy and perfusion MRI to obtain additional information on an inflammatory processes.

[Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in diagnostics of tumorous and nontumorous lesions in brain].

Whether proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) can be used in the diagnosis of tumorous and nontumorous lesions of the brain was studied. The results of studies were analyzed in 80 patients, including 54 patients with brain tumors (astrocytomas and meningiomas), 20 with nontumorous lesions of the brain, and 6 apparently healthy individuals (controls). The nontumorous lesions of the brain involved cerebral circulatory disorders as ischemia (n = 14) and postradiation changes (n = 6).

[Etiology, pathogenesis and treatment of severe recurrent forms of erysipelas of the lower extremities].

The experience of treatment of 314 patients with erysipelas was summarized. The organizational principles of struggle against this disease are proposed.