Long-Term Oncologic Outcome following Duodenum-Preserving Pancreatic Head Resection for Benign Tumors, Cystic Neoplasms, and Neuroendocrine Tumors: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) has a considerable surgical risk for complications and late metabolic morbidity. Parenchyma-sparing resection of benign tumors has the potential to cure patients associated with reduced procedure-related short- and long-term complications.

Materials And Methods: Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane libraries were searched for studies reporting surgery-related complications following PD and duodenum-preserving total (DPPHRt) or partial (DPPHRp) pancreatic head resection for benign tumors.

Duodenum-Preserving Pancreatic Head Resection for Benign and Premalignant Tumors-a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Surgery-Associated Morbidity.

Background: Pancreatic benign, cystic, and neuroendocrine neoplasms are increasingly detected and recommended for surgical treatment. In multiorgan resection pancreatoduodenectomy or parenchyma-sparing, local extirpation is a challenge for decision-making regarding surgery-related early and late postoperative morbidity.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Libraries were searched for studies reporting early surgery-related complications following pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) and duodenum-preserving total (DPPHRt) or partial (DPPHRp) pancreatic head resection for benign tumors.

Long-term Metabolic Morbidity and Steatohepatosis Following Standard Pancreatic Resections and Parenchyma-sparing, Local Extirpations for Benign Tumor: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: To assess metabolic dysfunctions and steatohepatosis after standard and local pancreatic resections for benign and premalignant neoplasms.

Summary Of Background Data: Duodenopancreatectomy, hemipancreatectomy, and parenchyma-sparing, limited pancreatic resections are currently in use for nonmalignant tumors.

Methods: Medline, Embase, and Cochrane libraries were searched for studies reporting measured data of metabolic functions following PD, pancreatic left resection (PLR), duodenum-sparing pancreatic head resection (DPPHR), pancreatic middle segment resection (PMSR), and tumor enucleation (TEN).

Resection of the duodenum causes long-term endocrine and exocrine dysfunction after Whipple procedure for benign tumors - Results of a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Metabolic dysfunctions after pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) need to be considered when pancreatic head resection is likely to lead to long-term survival.

Methods: Medline, Embase and Cochrane Library were searched for studies reporting measured data of metabolic function after PD and duodenum-sparing total pancreatic head resection (DPPHR). Data from 23 cohort studies comprising 1019 patients were eligible; 594 and 910 patients were involved in systematic review and meta-analysis, respectively.

Influence of operating conditions on sulfate reduction from real mining process water by membrane biofilm reactors.

Two H-based membrane biofilm reactor (H-MBfR) systems, differing in membrane type, were tested for sulfate reduction from a real mining-process water having low alkalinity and high concentrations of dissolved sulfate and calcium. Maximum sulfate reductions were 99%, with an optimum pH range between 8 and 8.5, which minimized any toxic effect of unionized hydrogen sulfide (HS) on sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and calcite scaling on the fibers and in the biofilm.

[Duodenum-preserving pancreatic head resection : A local parenchyma-sparing treatment of benign and premalignant tumors of the pancreatic head].

Background: In contrast to the Kausch-Whipple procedure (pancreatoduodenectomy) duodenum-preserving pancreatic head resection (DPPHR) is associated with tissue sparing and maintenance of the pancreatic metabolic functions.

Aim: According to the results of controlled clinical trials the DPPHR procedure for benign pancreatic neoplasms is associated with low surgery-related complications and maintenance of glucose metabolism and exocrine pancreatic functions. This overview summarizes the clinical results of the use of DPPHR for chronic pancreatitis and benign tumors of the pancreatic head and the status of the clinical evidence of the results.

IDPoor: a poverty identification programme that enables collaboration across sectors for maternal and child health in Cambodia.

describe how Cambodia’s national poverty identification system, IDPoor, has provided a nexus for different sectors’ contributions to maternal and child health among the poor

Parenchyma-sparing, local pancreatic head resection for premalignant and low-malignant neoplasms - A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Parenchyma-sparing, local pancreatic head resection, but not pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) preserves tissue and maintains the pancreatic metabolic functions.

Methods: PubMed/Medline, Embase, and Cochrane library collections were systematically searched. Twenty-six cohort studies with 523 cumulative patients, who underwent duodenum-sparing pancreatic head resection (DPPHR), were retrieved.

New Onset of Diabetes and Pancreatic Exocrine Insufficiency After Pancreaticoduodenectomy for Benign and Malignant Tumors: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Long-term Results.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the frequency and severity of new onset of diabetes mellitus (NODM) and pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI) after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) for benign and malignant tumors.

Summary Background Data: When PD is performed on patients for benign tumors, the question of long-term metabolic dysfunctions becomes of importance.

Methods: Medline/PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched for articles reporting results of measuring endocrine and exocrine pancreatic functions after PD.

Duodenum-preserving total and partial pancreatic head resection for benign tumors--systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Potential benefits of local extirpation of benign pancreatic head tumors are tissue conservation of pancreas, stomach, duodenum and common bile duct (CBD) and maintenance of pancreatic functions.

Methods: Medline/PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library databases were searched to identify studies applying duodenum-preserving total or partial pancreatic-head resection (DPPHRt/p) and reporting short- and long-term outcomes. Twenty-four studies, including 416 patients who underwent DPPHRt/p, were identified for systematic analysis.

Limited surgery for benign tumours of the pancreas: a systematic review.

Background: Limited surgical procedures for benign cystic neoplasms and endocrine tumours of the pancreas have the potential advantage of pancreatic tissue sparing compared to standard oncological resections.

Methods: Searching PubMed/MedLine, Embase and Cochrane Library identified 86 full papers: 25 reporting on enucleation (EN), 38 on central pancreatectomy (CP) and 23 on duodenum-preserving total/partial pancreatic head resection (DPPHRt/p). The results are based on analysis of data of 838, 912 and 431 patients for EN, CP and DPPHRt/s, respectively.

Benign cystic neoplasm and endocrine tumours of the pancreas--when and how to operate--an overview.

Background: The recent evolution of limited local operative procedures for benign pancreatic lesions shifted surgical treatment options to the application of local techniques, although major resections of pancreatic head and left resection are still the standard.

Objectives: To evaluate the level of evidence of tumour enucleation (EN), pancreatic middle segment resection (PMSR) and duodenum preserving total/subtotal pancreatic head resection (DPPHRt/s), we focus based on present knowledge on indication to surgical treatment evaluating the questions, when and how to operate.

Results: Tumour enucleation is recommended for all symptomatic neuro-endocrine tumours with size up to 2-3 cm and non-adherence to pancreatic main-ducts.

Effectivity of long antigen exposition dendritic cell therapy (LANEXDC®) in the palliative treatment of pancreatic cancer.

Purpose: In pancreatic cancer median survival times range around 6, 6 to 6,9 months. Here we retrospectively analyzed the outcome of immunotherapy in the additional palliative treatment of pancreatic cancer with long antigen exposition dendritic cell therapy (LANEX-DC(®)) in 138 patients who were treated at our institution.

Patients: Data were available of 134 patients (97.

[Duodenum-preserving total pancreatic head resection : an organ-sparing operation technique for cystic neoplasms and non-invasive malignant tumors].

Cystic neoplasms of the pancreas are being detected and surgically treated increasingly more frequently. Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) and mucinous cystic neoplasms (MCN) are primary benign lesions; however, the 5-year risk for malignant transformation has been estimated to be 63 % and 15 %, respectively. Surgical extirpation of a benign cystic tumor of the pancreas is a cancer preventive measure.

Duodenum-preserving total pancreatic head resection for benign cystic neoplastic lesions.

Background: Cystic neoplasms of the pancreas are diagnosed frequently due to early use of abdominal imaging techniques. Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm, mucinous cystic neoplasm, and serous pseudopapillary neoplasia are considered pre-cancerous lesions because of frequent transformation to cancer. Complete surgical resection of the benign lesion is a pancreatic cancer preventive treatment.

Role of thymulin on the somatotropic axis in vivo.

Aims: There is clear evidence for the existence of a bi-directional thymus-somatotropic axis and several studies suggest that the thymic peptide thymulin may be involved in this communication. We undertook to assess the impact of serum thymulin immunoneutralization in C57BL/6 mice and that of neonatal thymulin gene therapy (NTGT) in nude mice on body weight (BW) gain and on the histomorphometric profile of the somatotrope population.

Main Methods: Immunoneutralization of thymulin was done from postnatal day 1 to 35 by i.

Thymulin-based gene therapy and pituitary function in animal models of aging.

Thymulin is a thymic hormone exclusively produced by the thymic epithelial cells. After its discovery and initial characterization in the 1970s, it was demonstrated that thymulin production and secretion is strongly influenced by the neuroendocrine system. Conversely, a growing core of information, to be reviewed here, points to thymulin as a hypophysiotropic peptide.

The use of antibiotics for acute pancreatitis: is there a role?

Infections due to pancreatic necrosis and abscesses are observed in one third of patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Based on results of double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trials, antibiotic prophylaxis in SAP is ineffective for reducing the frequency of infected necrosis and to decrease hospital mortality. Antibiotic treatment using carbapenems and quinolones is indicated on demand in patients with SAP and multiorgan failure at admission and in those with hemodynamic shock.

Duodenum-preserving total pancreatic head resection for cystic neoplastic lesions in the head of the pancreas.

Background/purpose: Cystic neoplastic lesions of the pancreas are now found with increasing frequency. Duodenum-preserving pancreatic head resection with segmental resection of the duodenum has been introduced for the surgical treatment of inflammatory and neoplastic lesions. We report the following data from 15 patients treated surgically for cystic neoplastic lesions of the pancreas head.

Duodenum-preserving total pancreatic head resection for cystic neoplasm: a limited but cancer-preventive procedure.

Background: Cystic neoplastic lesions of the pancreas are found in up to 10% of all pancreatic lesions. A malignant transformation of cystic neoplasia is observed in intraductal papillary mucinous tumor (IPMN) lesions in 60% and in mucinous cystic tumor (MCN) lesions in up to 30%. For cystic neoplasia located monocentrically in the pancreatic head and that do not have an association with an invasive pancreatic cancer, the duodenum-preserving total head resection has been used in recent time as a limited surgical procedure.

Pancreatic cancer--low survival rates.

Introduction: Cancers of the pancreas are identified in 11 800 to 13 500 patients each year in Germany. Epidemiological studies prove smoking and chronic alcohol consumption as causes of about 30% of pancreatic cancers.

Methods: Selective literature review.

Duodenum-preserving subtotal and total pancreatic head resections for inflammatory and cystic neoplastic lesions of the pancreas.

Introduction: For treatment of inflammatory and benign neoplastic lesions of the pancreatic head, a subtotal or total pancreatic head resection is a limited surgical procedure with the impact of replacing the application of a Whipple procedure. The objective of this work is to describe the technical modifications of subtotal and total pancreatic head resection for inflammatory and neoplastic lesions of the pancreas. The advantages of this limited surgical procedure are the preservation of the stomach, the duodenum and the extrahepatic biliary ducts for treatment of benign lesions of the pancreatic head, papilla, and intrapancreatic segment of the common bile duct.

The clinical efficacy of adjuvant systemic chemotherapy with gemcitabine and NSC-631570 in advanced pancreatic cancer.

Background/aims: Recently we have shown that NSC-631570 (Ukrain) is a safe and effective drug in the treatment of unresectable pancreatic cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the combined treatment with Gemcitabine and NSC-631570 in the adjuvant treatment of resected advanced pancreatic cancer.

Methodology: 30 patients received adjuvant chemotherapy following surgical resection for pancreatic cancer.

The Phoenix population: demographic crisis and rebound in Cambodia.

The study of mortality crises provides an unusual and valuable perspective on the relationship between mortality and fertility changes, a relationship that has puzzled demographers for decades. In this article, we combine nationally representative survey and demographic-surveillance system data to study fertility trends around the time of the Khmer Rouge (KR) regime, under which 25% of the Cambodian population died. We present the first quantitative evidence to date that attests to a one-third decline of fertility during this regime, followed by a substantial "baby boom" after the fall of the KR.