Chronic Kidney Disease and Its Clinical Correlates in a Rural Community in Southwestern Nigeria.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a burgeoning problem globally, and more than a billion adults were affected as of 2016, with 1.2 million people dying from renal failure in 2017. To arrest the seemingly relentless progression of CKD to renal failure, there is a need to detect CKD early in the community.

Hypertension and its Clinical Correlates in a Rural Community in South Western Nigeria.

Background: Hypertension is the commonest cardiovascular risk factor globally and is a cause of untold morbidity and mortality. However, its clinical correlates at the community level have not been well elucidated.

Methods: History taking, anthropometric measurements, electrocardiograms and laboratory investigations were done for all the study subjects.

Risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea among Adults in a Rural Community in Southwest Nigeria.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a common medical condition which has long been recognized as a major contributor to morbidity and mortality in developed countries but that remains underdiagnosed, particularly in rural communities. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of adults who have a high risk of obstructive sleep apnoea in a sample of adults living in Ejigbo, a rural community in south western Nigeria.

Methods: This was a community-based cross-sectional descriptive study done to assess the prevalence of high risk of obstructive sleep apnoea in adult residents of the community using the STOP-BANG questionnaire.

Clustering of chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular risk factors in South-West Nigeria.

Background: There exists a synergy between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) with increased morbidity and poor outcomes.

Objectives: Data relating to this clustering in black homogenous populations is scanty. We aim to investigate this relationship in Nigerian communities.

Clustering of cardiovascular risk factors in semi-urban communities in south-western Nigeria.

Background: In addition to poor socio-economic indices and a high prevalence of infectious diseases, there have been various reports of a rising prevalence of cardiovascular diseases, with associated morbidity and mortality in developing countries. These factors co-exist, resulting in a synergy, with serious complications, difficult-to-treat conditions and fatal outcomes. Hence this study was conducted to determine the clustering of cardiovascular disease risk factors and its pattern in semi-urban communities in south-western Nigeria.

Echocardiographic Assessment of Cardiac Changes During Normal Pregnancy Among Nigerians.

Background: Pregnancy is a physiological process associated with an increased hemodynamic load and cardiac structural remodeling. Limited echocardiographic information exists on cardiac chambers, left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic functions, and LV mass during trimesters of normal pregnancy among African women.

Materials And Methods: Echocardiography was done at the beginning of the second trimester, beginning of the third trimester, and middle of the third trimester for 100 normal pregnant women and at one visit for age-matched 100 nonpregnant women.

Awareness, knowledge and perception of chronic kidney disease in a rural community of South-West Nigeria.

Background: Awareness and education on kidney disease impact on its effective management and will reduce the significant economic and public health burden. Knowledge of CKD and risk factors increases the perception of being at high risk and increasing health seeking behavior. We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study to assess the level of awareness, knowledge and conventional risk factors of CKD in the community to strategize on preventive modalities using the information gathered from this population.

Awareness of and Attitude towards glaucoma among an adult rural population of Osun State, Southwest Nigeria.

Purpose: To obtain baseline data and assess the level of awareness and attitudes towards glaucoma among rural communities of Osun State, Nigeria.

Materials And Methods: This was a community-based study that involved interviews and descriptive cross-sectional analysis. Serial-recruitment was performed of consenting participants who presented at a community-based screening service in March 2011.

Communicable disease-related sudden death in the 21st century in Nigeria.

Background: Some cases of sudden death (SD) have been attributed to communicable diseases (CD) in middle- and low-income countries of the world even in this 21st century. CDs produce clinical symptoms and signs over several days before culminating in death. They are also amenable to treatment with antimicrobials if affected persons present early.

A community study of the prevalence, risk factors and pattern of chronic kidney disease in Osun State, South West Nigeria.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global public health concern. Nigeria, like other African countries has paucity of hard data derived from community based studies.

Aims: We set out to determine the awareness, level of knowledge, prevalence of chronic kidney disease and its associated risk factors in Nigerian community.

Asymptomatic bacteriuria among elderly and middle-aged rural community-dwellers in South-Western Nigeria.

Asymptomatic bacteriuria in elderly individuals has been well described in institutionalized settings, but to a lesser extent in the community. The purpose of this study was to determine the pathogens responsible for asymptomatic bacteriuria in elderly and middle-aged individuals in Alajue-Ede, South-Western Nigeria, and to identify any associated factors. Mid-stream urine samples were collected from apparently healthy elderly and middle-aged volunteers who were participating in community health screening.

Two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiographic evaluation of patients presenting at Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria: a prospective study of 2501 subjects.

Background: Echocardiography remains a key noninvasive cardiac investigative tool in the management of patients, especially in a developing economy like Nigeria. In this study, we investigated the indications for transthoracic echocardiography and spectrum of cardiac disease found in patients referred to our cardiac unit for echocardiography.

Methods: A prospective two-dimensional, pulsed, continuous, and color-flow Doppler echocardiographic evaluation was done using the transthoracic approach in 2501 patients over an eight-year period.

Pattern of sudden death at Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, South West Nigeria.

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the etiology and epidemiologic characteristics of sudden death at Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (LAUTECH) Teaching Hospital, South West Nigeria.

Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study of all cases of natural unexpected death, either occurring out of hospital or less than 24 hours after admission to LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, over a nine-year period from January 2003 to December 2011. Data were generated from information in the case notes and autopsy reports for these cases.

The new face of rheumatic heart disease in South West Nigeria.

Purpose: To determine the current prevalence of rheumatic heart disease (RHD), clinical features, types of valvular lesions, complications and mortality, at Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (LAUTECH) Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, South West Nigeria.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective, descriptive study of all the cases of RHD seen in the medical outpatient clinics and wards of LAUTECH for 9 years, from January 2003 to December 2011. Statistical analysis of data obtained was done using SPSS 16.

Prevalence of hypertension in the rural adult population of Osun State, southwestern Nigeria.

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of hypertension in two rural communities of Osun State, Nigeria.

Methods: A consenting adult population of the Alajue and Obokun rural communities in southwestern Nigeria that presented for the screening exercise participated in this community-based cross-sectional descriptive study. Two hundred and fifty-nine respondents aged older than 18 years completed a standardized, pretested, structured questionnaire as part of activities celebrating World Kidney Day and World Glaucoma Day in 2011.

Hospital-based incidence of maternal heart failure during pregnancy in Nigeria.

Purpose: To determine the incidence of heart failure during pregnancy and incriminated cardiac lesions, as well as maternal and fetal outcomes in Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching Hospital (LTH), Osogbo, Southwest Nigeria.

Methods: This study was a retrospective, descriptive review of all cases of heart failure during pregnancy based on data retrieved from the medical records of LTH over a 7-year period from January 2004 to December 2010. Analysis of these data was carried out using SPSS 17.

Electrocardiographic changes during oesophagogastroscopy.

Background: Oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) should be very safe, but there are many potential hazards, although the rate of serious complications is small. There are so many complications that can arise during this procedure. Most of these complications involve the respiratory or cardiovascular systems, especially in sick or sedated patients.

Low dose aspirin therapy and renal function in elderly patients.

Purpose: To determine whether low dose aspirin has any deleterious effects on renal function in elderly patients.

Methods: We conducted a prospective pilot study of 30 Nigerians older than 60 years with various chronic ailments necessitating the use of low dose aspirin. Patients gave their consent, and institutional ethical clearance was obtained.

The changing pattern of endomyocardial fibrosis in South-west Nigeria.

Background: Endomyocardial fibrosis (EMF) is a restrictive cardiomyopathy, the prevalence of which is declining globally. This study was carried out to determine if there were changing patterns in its local prevalence in South-West Nigeria.

Methods: We reviewed the medical records of all patients admitted to or attending the cardiology clinic or medical outpatient/specialty clinics in the Department of Medicine, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, South-West Nigeria.

Left ventricular geometry in Nigerians with type II diabetes mellitus.

Background: Left ventricular hypertrophy is independently associated with increased incidence of cardiovascular disease, cardiovascular and all cause mortality. In a relatively healthy hypertensive adult population, type II diabetes is associated with higher left ventricular mass, concentric left ventricular geometry and lower myocardial function independent of age, sex, body size, and arterial blood pressure.

Objective: The study is to investigate left ventricular geometry in Nigerians with Type II Diabetes mellitus.

Cardiovascular responses to treadmill exercise in Nigerian hypertensives with left ventricular hypertrophy.

Background: Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is an independent risk factor for adverse cardiac outcomes in hypertensive patients.

Objective: This study is designed to assess the cardiovascular responses to treadmill exercise among Nigerian hypertensives with echocardiographically proven LVH.

Materials And Methods: Fifty hypertensive patients with LVH (27 males and 23 females) between 30 and 65 years of age were studied in Nigeria.

Coexistence of Cor triatriatum sinistrum and a prominent Eustachian valve mimicking a Cor triatriatum dextrum.

Cor triatriatum is among the rarest of all congenital cardiac abnormalities accounting for 0.1-0.4% of all congenital heart disease.

Some emerging issues in medical admission pattern in the tropics.

Background: There is a changing pattern in terms of medical admissions worldwide with an alarming increase in the prevalence of noncommunicable diseases, especially in the tropics over the last decade. The aim of this study was to describe the pattern of medical admission and highlight emerging issues of noncommunicable diseases in a Nigerian University Teaching Hospital.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review of medical admission at the Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, South Western Nigeria, over a 3 years period (January 2005 to December 2007).

Relationship between Tei index of myocardial performance and left ventricular geometry in Nigerians with systemic hypertension.

Introduction: Left ventricular geometry is associated with cardiovascular events and prognosis. The Tei index of myocardial performance is a combined index of systolic and diastolic dysfunction and has been shown to be a predictor of cardiovascular outcome in heart diseases. The relationship between the Tei index and left ventricular geometry has not been well studied.

Cardiovascular and electrocardiographic changes in Nigerians with a normal pregnancy.

Introduction: Pregnancy is associated with major haemodynamic and cardiac changes, which can mimic or precipitate cardiac diseases. There is a paucity of this kind of data among pregnant Nigerian women. This study was aimed at describing the cardiovascular and electrocardiographic changes found among healthy pregnant Nigerian women.