Neuropathy in two cobalamin-deficient breast-fed infants of vegetarian mothers.

We describe the electrophysiological findings in 2 infants with deficient cobalamin intake. After normal development, psychomotor regression appeared after the 6th month, leading to severe hypotonia and apathy before the 12th month. Electrodiagnostic evaluation showed sensory neuropathy in both cases, associated with motor neuropathy in 1 case.

[Diagnosis of phenylketonuria in a 35-year-old mother in relation to prenatal diagnosis of intrauterine growth retardation with microcephaly].

Background: Some French pregnant women with phenylketonuria (PKU), born before 1978, have not been tested with the Guthrie method during the neonatal period. They have a risk of spontaneous abortion and their infants are often mentally retarded with microcephaly and/or congenital heart anomaly.

Case Report: A woman with a moderate mental retardation became pregnant at the age of 31 years.

[Acute anemia induced by rupture of a luteal cyst, aggravated by the ingestion of antivitamin K].

A case of hemoperitoneum secondary to the rupture of an ovarian cyst is reported in a 14 1/2 year-old girl. The severity of the bleeding was explained by anticoagulant therapy given during the previous 3 weeks for laceration of ankle ligaments which necessitated surgery. In this age group, the differential diagnosis with a ruptured ectopic pregnancy had to be considered.

[An unusual cause of near-miss sudden death in infants: intermittent volvulus of the small intestine on the mesenterium commune].

A 1 month-old girl presented with severe asphyxia during sleep. Her weight was the same as at birth. The day before the accident she had cried a great deal and had vomited her feeds.

[Abscessed adrenal hematoma with arterial hypertension].

A neonate presented with anemia. Its relationship to bilateral adrenal hematoma was recognized only at one month of age, when hepatomegaly, inflammatory syndrome and hypertension associated with ultrasonographic findings suggested the diagnosis of right adrenal abscess with compression of the renal pedicle. The child underwent surgery at 6 weeks of age.

Use of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in preventing otitis media in infants: different results between racial groups.

A total of 133 children between 6 and 11 months of age with at least one episode of otitis media were given one of two pneumococcal vaccines. One vaccine contained 25 microns of types 1, 3, 6, 7, 14, 18, 19, and 23 and the other vaccine (control) contained 25 microns of types 2, 4, 5, 8, 9, 12, and 25. Follow-up care of the 65 black infants revealed significantly more otitis media visits in those infants receiving the control vaccine.

Efficacy of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in preventing acute otitis media in infants in Huntsville, Alabama.

In a study of the efficacy of pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide vaccines in preventing otitis media due to Streptococcus pneumoniae, 179 infants were randomly assigned to receive either a "target" vaccine containing serotypes 1, 3, 6, 7, 14, 18, 19, and 23 (which account for most cases of pneumococcal otitis media) or a control vaccine containing serotypes 2, 4, 5, 8, 9, 12, and 25 (which account for few cases). Vaccine (0.5 ml) was administered subcutaneously; a dose contained 25 micrograms of each serotype.

Immunologic response to pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in infants.

The serum antibody response to purified pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides (PCP) was detrmined in four groups of infants ranging in age from 3 to 24 months. Group 1 consisted of eight infants immunized with an octavalent vaccine containing serotypes 1, 3, 6, 7, 14, 18, 19 and 23 (PCP-8). Group 1 received 25 microgram of each serotype at 3-6 months of age and again at 18-24 months.

Otitis media in the young infant: an IgE-mediated disease?

IgE antibody directed against noncapsular antigens of mechanically disrupted Streptococcus pneumoniae, serotype 3 rough, was demonstrated in middle ear effusions (MEE) and serum of infants with and without prior evidence of pneumococcal otitis media with effusion (OME). The techniques employed included radioimmunoassay (RIA), passive skin testing, Prausnitz-Küstner (P/K), and enzyme-linked immunospecific assay (ELISA). Adsorption of MEE with ultrasonically disrupted crude pneumococcal antigen (CPA-U) resulted in a reduction of total IgE counts per minute and suggested bacteria-specific IgE antibody ranging from approximately 22 to 92% of the total IgE.

Bacterial etiology of otitis media during the first six weeks of life.

Tympanocentesis was performed on 70 infants who had otitis media during the first six weeks of life. The bacteria isolated from their middle-ear effusions were Streptococcus pneumoniae (13 patients), Neisseria catarrhalis (11 patients), Hemophilus influenzae (ten patients), Enterobacteriaceae (four patients), Staphylococcus aureus (four patients), streptococci (groups A and B) (three patients), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (two patients). Thirty patients (42.

The bacteriology of pneumococcal otitis media.

The bacteriologic findings of 1205 episodes of pneumococcal otitis media are analyzed. Capsular types 6, 14, 19 and 23 have been found to account for more than half the initial and subsequent infections of the middle ear. Initial infection has been shown to be related to age, and recurrent infection with pneumococci of heterologous capsular types has been found to occur most often within six months of the initial attack.

Immune response to acute otitis media in children III. Implications of viral antibody in middle ear fluid.

With the technique of radioimmunodiffusion and indirect FA staining, IgA antibody to measles, mumps, rubella, and polio-1 were determined in serum and middle ear fluid (MEF) of 103 patients with otitis media. The occurrence of IgA viral antibody in MEF and its absence in simultaneously drawn serum was used as an indicator of local antibody production. Of the 401 assays performed, 41 instances of IgA antibody exclusively in MEF were found.

Incidence of ampicillin-resistant Hemophilus influenzae in otitis media.

Ampicillin resistance in Hemophilus influenzae type b causing serious infections is appreciated, but little is known about ampicillin resistance in nonencapsulated strains causing otitis media. The ampicillin sensitivity of 984 middle-ear isolates of H. influenzae from children in Huntsville, Ala.

Immune response to acute otitis media: association between middle ear fluid antibody and the clearing of clinical infection.

Clearing of the middle ear fluid in patients with acute otitis media due to Streptococcus pneumoniae or Haemophilus influenzae was significantly associated with the presence and concentration of specific antibody in the middle ear fluid at the time of diagnosis.

Breast milk jaundice: in vitro inhibition of rat liver bilirubin-uridine diphosphate glucuronyltransferase activity and Z protein-bromosulfophthalein binding by human breast milk.

Twenty-four samples of breast milk from nine mothers of infants suffering from breast milk jaundice were studied. Eight samples of milk from mothers of nonjaundiced infants, along with five formula milks enriched with polyunsaturated fatty acids, served as controls. Milks from mothers with jaundiced infants had no inhibitory effect when assayed immediately after thawing.

Immunology and microbiology in acute otitis media.

Various immunological parameters were measured in serum, middle ear fluid (MEF), and lymphocytes from peripheral blood and MEF of infants with acute otitis media due to S. pneumoniae or H. influenzae.

The immune response to acute otitis media in children. II. Serum and middle ear fluid antibody in otitis media due to Haemophilus influenza.

The antibody response in serum and middle ear fluid was studied in 40 children less than two years of age who had otitis media due to Haemophilus influenzae. Specific antibody in serum was determined by either a bacteriocidal test or an indirect fluorescent antibody test, and in the middle ear fluid by the latter test. For both assays the infecting bacterium of the patient was used.

The "otitis-prone" condition.

We studied the incidence of exudative otitis media in 488 patients followed up from birth. Forty-nine percent (240) of the patients had their initial episode of otitis media in the first year of life and only 12% (56) in the second year of life. Thereafter, the incidence decreased steadily.