Exploitation of the genetic potential of Thinopyrum and Agropyron genera to protect wheat from diseases and environmental stresses.

Common wheat is one of the most important food crops in the world. Grain harvests can be increased by reducing losses from diseases and environmental stresses. The tertiary gene pool, including Thinopyrum spp.

The Impact of VEGF-C-Induced Dural Lymphatic Vessel Growth on Ischemic Stroke Pathology.

Timely relief of edema and clearance of waste products, as well as promotion of anti-inflammatory immune responses, reduce ischemic stroke pathology, and attenuate harmful long-term effects post-stroke. The discovery of an extensive and functional lymphatic vessel system in the outermost meningeal layer, dura mater, has opened up new possibilities to facilitate post-stroke recovery by inducing dural lymphatic vessel (dLV) growth via a single injection of a vector encoding vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C). In the present study, we aimed to improve post-stroke outcomes by inducing dLV growth in mice.

Functional Characterization of Mechanosensitive Piezo1 Channels in Trigeminal and Somatic Nerves in a Neuron-on-Chip Model.

Mechanosensitive ion channels, Piezo1 and 2, are activated by pressure and involved in diverse physiological functions, including senses of touch and pain, proprioception and many more. Understanding their function is important for elucidating the mechanosensitive mechanisms of a range of human diseases. Recently, Piezo channels were suggested to be contributors to migraine pain generation.

Contribution of astrocytes to familial risk and clinical manifestation of schizophrenia.

Previous studies have implicated several brain cell types in schizophrenia (SCZ), but the genetic impact of astrocytes is unknown. Considering their high complexity in humans, astrocytes are likely key determinants of neurodevelopmental diseases, such as SCZ. Human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived astrocytes differentiated from five monozygotic twin pairs discordant for SCZ and five healthy subjects were studied for alterations related to high genetic risk and clinical manifestation of SCZ in astrocyte transcriptomics, neuron-astrocyte co-cultures, and in humanized mice.

[Effect of reduced oxygen concentrations and hydrogen sulfide on the amino acid metabolism and mesenchymal cells proliferation].

We investigated the effect of hydrogen sulfide donor (10(-12) mol/l NaHS--I group) alone and together with the reduced oxygen concentrations (5% O2--II group, 3% O2--III group, 24 h) on the biological processes of human stem cells culture. It was shown that the cells proliferation by the third day of cultivation in I, II and III group decreased 1,7; 2,8 and 4,2 times. On the 4th day of culture proliferation inhibited in I, II and III group by 29; 33 and 54% compared to the control.

[The influence of low partial oxygen pressure on the biolodical process of mesenchymal stromal cells].

The influence of low partial oxygen pressure (Po2) on the amino acid composition in culture medium of human mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) lines 4BL has been studied. At 23 mm Hg (3% oxygen), a significant decrease (by 31%) in the concentration of proline and hydroxyproline was registered. Under these conditions, the concentration of serine and aspartic acid decreased by 45% compared to the control.

[Determination of age-related liver stiffness changes in rats according to the ultrasonic shear wave elastography].

We examined by ultrasound shear wave elastography (SWE) changes of liver stiffness (LS) in three groups rats of different ages. LS measurement by SWE was performed on "Ultima PA" equipment ("Radmir", Kharkov, Ukraine) with a 10-5 MHz linear transducer. To assess the functional state of the liver at the same time we studied age-related biochemical and morphological differences in the liver.

[The immune structure against q fever and tick-bite spotted fever group rickettsioses in the population and domestic animals of the Republic of Guinea].

The circulation of the rickettsiae R.africae and C.brunetii, the causative agents of African tick-bite spotted fever and Q fever, was first ascertained throughout the territory of the Republic of Guinea.

[Influence of salicylic and succinic acids on the cytophysiological reactions of wheat infected by brown rust].

The influence of the salicylic and succinic acids on the cytophysiological reactions of the plants and cellular structures of the fungus were investigated using the model of common wheat Triticum aestivum L. infected by brown rust. The experiments were performed on seedlings of the isogenic line of var.

[Influence of the surface features and physiological reactions of non-host species on the development of cellular structures of rust fungi].

Parasitic rust fungi Puccinia triticina and P. coronata specialized to cereals are not able to form functionally completed cellular structures (germ tubes and appressoria) on the surface of plant species that do not belong to Poaceae. Fungus structures are induced by the surface features of grains leaves (millet, maize, oat, common wheat) to a different extent.

[Cellular features of immune reaction of common wheat with Lr19 gene to brown rust fungus infection].

The effect of resistant gene Lr19 on the development of brown rust fungus Puccinia triticina in the immune line of Thatcher variety was similar to that of nonhost species. The development of the fungus was inhibited in the plant tissue at the early stages. The fungus cells demonstrated structural disorganization of the nuclei and mitochondria before host cell invasion.

[Endoscopic ultrasonography in diagnosis of surgical treatment of pancreas].

Results of endoscopic ultrasonography at 137 patients suspected for pancreas pathology are analyzed. Methodology of endoscopic ultrasonography, semiotics of pancreas surgical diseases, advantages over other diagnostic methods are described. Endosonography is informative method for final diagnosis of different disease of pancreas.

[Ultrastructural basis of biotrophic relationships between brown rust fungus and common wheat].

The ultrastructural research of relationships between common wheat and brown rust fungus Puccinia triticina demonstrated that the biotrophy was based on the induction of plant cytoplasmic aggregate organization, nuclear migration to haustorium and stimulation of mesophyll cell metabolism. Resistant reactions in the form of hypersensitivity and depositions on plant cell walls were suppressed up to fungal sporogenesis. Cytoplasmic reorganization and nuclear taxis to haustorium were not registered in the epidermal and vascular bundle sheath cells.

[Loss of the myofibrils as the manifestation of relative dedifferentiation of hypertrophied cardiomyocytes].

The material of intraoperational biopsies of right ventricle obtained from 54 patients aged 9-40 years with Fallot's tetrad was studied to analyze the changes of cardiomyocyte (CMC) ultrastructure and dimensions in the process of their hypertrophy. The results of the present investigation and the analysis of the literature indicate, that CMC ultrastructural remodeling in course of their hypertrophy follows the pattern of progressive dedefferentiation. Therefore, the loss of the myofibrils at the advanced stages of hypertrophy is not the manifestation of CMC degeneration, but is the result of their relative dedifferentiation.

[Myocardial fatty dystrophy in patients with Fallot tetralogy].

Fatty degeneration (FD) was studied histochemically and ultrastructurally in surgical biopsies from 147 patients aged 22 days to 40 years with Fallot's tetralogy. FD was most pronounced in patients aged 3 to 6 years when the main part of cardiomyocytes completed the program of ontogenetical growth and started growing as hypertrophic mature cells. An increase of FD is considered as manifestation of an initial stage of hypertrophy of mature cardiomyocytes.

[Complexes of DNA with trivalent metal ions in presence of manganese ions].

The interaction of DNA with Fe3+, Al3+, Co(NH3)6(3+) in a solution containing MnCl2 was studied. It was shown that there exists a competition for the binding sites between Mn2+ and Al3+, while the binding of Mn2+ to DNA does not depend on the presence of Fe3+ and Co(NH3)6(3+) in solution. We proposed that Fe3+ and Co(NH3)6(3+) ions prefer to bind to phosphates, and Al3+ ions are capable to bind to the nitrogen bases of DNA.

[Age-related features of cardiomyocyte ultrastructure of the effluent region of the right ventricle in patients with Fallot's tetralogy].

Ultrastructural signs of compensatory hypertrophy (channels of granular endoplasmatic reticulum well developed Golgi complex, dilatation of T-system channels, alterations of the myofibrillar structure, appearance of non-parallel myofibrills, groups of small mitochondria, numerous intercalated disci) were found in the cardiomyocytes of the right ventricle effluent region of the adult (18-40 years) and young (6-12 years) patients with tetralogy of Fallot. Some cells showed degenerative changes-a transition of the hypertrophic cells in the stage of decompensation.

[Tuberculosis morbidity in medical workers and the measures for their social protection].

Tuberculosis morbidity among the medical workers has been studied in 39 territories of Russia. It has been established that medical personnel contract tuberculosis much frequently than the population of Russia on the whole. Morbidity is particularly high among the personnel of institutions of the antituberculous service, being 293.

[Disorders of cardiac rhythm and conduction after radical correction of tetralogy of Fallot].

The work is based on the results of examination of 78 patients conducted before, in the immediate, and in the late-term periods after the operation (6.5 +/- 5.0 years on the average).

[Radical correction of Fallot's tetralogy following an earlier Blalock-Taussig anastomosis].

Seventy-nine radical interventions for Fallot's tetralogy after a previously established Blalock-Taussig anastomosis were conducted at Bakulev Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery, AMS USSR, from 1983 to Dec. 1989. The average age at which the radical operation was undertaken was 10.

[Sanatorium care of patients with tuberculosis and the ways of its further improvement].

The experience of our phthisiologists proved the necessity to organize a combined treatment of tuberculosis patients. More than 90% of patients are discharged from the sanatoria with considerable improvement of their health. Hence, the sanatorium stage of treatment under the present conditions becomes especially important since the cost of stay in a sanatorium is less than that in a hospital.

[Complications of the Waterston-Cooley-Edwards anastomosis and their correction in radical surgery of the tetralogy of Fallot].

The work is based on the analysis of complications of Waterston-Cooley-Edwards anastomosis which create tactical and technical difficulties in correction of Fallot's tetralogy. Rational methods for their correction are suggested. From January, 1982 to April, 1989 a total of 133 radical operations were carried out for Fallot's tetralogy in patients with Waterston-Cooley-Edwards anastomosis formed earlier; mortality was 6%.

[Results of the use of a graft with a monocusp in radical correction of Fallot's tetrad].

The article deals with the results of complex study of the effect of pulmonary insufficiency on intracardiac hemodynamics and function of the heart in the immediate and late-term periods after radical correction of Fallot's tetralogy. Answers are also given to questions concerning the expediency of the use and functional adequacy of a xeno-pericardial monocusp in the closure mechanism of the pulmonary artery valve. The study showed that massive pulmonary regurgitation has a negative effect on the functional condition of the right ventricle in late-term postoperative periods.