Using AI to Identify Unremarkable Chest Radiographs for Automatic Reporting.

Background Radiology practices have a high volume of unremarkable chest radiographs and artificial intelligence (AI) could possibly improve workflow by providing an automatic report. Purpose To estimate the proportion of unremarkable chest radiographs, where AI can correctly exclude pathology (ie, specificity) without increasing diagnostic errors. Materials and Methods In this retrospective study, consecutive chest radiographs in unique adult patients (≥18 years of age) were obtained January 1-12, 2020, at four Danish hospitals.

Hemodialysis and biomarkers of myocardial infarction - a cohort study.

Objectives: End-stage renal disease is associated with a high risk of cardiovascular disease. We compared the concentration and prognostic ability of high sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) and I (hs-cTnI) and cardiac myosin-binding protein C (cMyC) among stable hemodialysis patients.

Methods: Patients were sampled before and after hemodialysis.

Autonomous Chest Radiograph Reporting Using AI: Estimation of Clinical Impact.

Background Automated interpretation of normal chest radiographs could alleviate the workload of radiologists. However, the performance of such an artificial intelligence (AI) tool compared with clinical radiology reports has not been established. Purpose To perform an external evaluation of a commercially available AI tool for the number of chest radiographs autonomously reported, the sensitivity for AI detection of abnormal chest radiographs, and the performance of AI compared with that of the clinical radiology reports.

Hemodialysis leads to plasma depletion of lectin complement pathway initiator molecule ficolin-2.

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate changes in complement system-related molecules in patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Methods: Patients >18 years of age on maintenance hemodialysis were included. Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) methods complement related molecules ficolin-1, ficolin-2, ficolin-3 mannose-binding lectin, long pentraxin 3, complement activation products C3c, and complement activation potentials were measured before and after a single hemodialysis treatment.

Mid-regional pro-atrial natriuretic peptide levels before and after hemodialysis predict long-term prognosis.

Background: Mid-regional pro-atrial natriuretic peptide (MR-proANP) is a strong prognostic biomarker in cardiovascular disease but there is limited data for its use among patients undergoing dialysis.

Methods: This was a cohort study of patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis from two Danish centers. Blood sampling and echocardiography were performed before and after a dialysis session.

Left-sided heart disease and risk of death in patients with end-stage kidney disease receiving haemodialysis: an observational study.

Background: Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of death in patients with end-stage kidney disease on haemodialysis. The potential clinical consequence of systematic echocardiographic assessment is however not clear. In an unselected, contemporary population of patients on maintenance haemodialysis we aimed to assess: the prevalence of structural and functional heart disease, the potential therapeutic consequences of echocardiographic screening and whether left-sided heart disease is associated with prognosis.

[Diagnostic imaging findings in COVID-19].

This is a review of diagnostic imaging findings in coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). CT findings are frequently bilateral, multilobar and peripheral ground-glass opacities with vascular enlargements. Consolidations often appear during progression as well as crazy paving and reticulation.

Abnormal routine blood tests as predictors of mortality in acutely admitted patients.

Background: This study aimed to improve early risk stratification in the emergency department by creating a simple blood test score based on routine biomarkers and assess its predictive ability for 30-day mortality of acutely admitted patients.

Methods: This was a secondary analysis of data from the TRIAGE II study. It included unselected acutely admitted medical and surgical patients, who had albumin, C-reactive protein, creatinine, haemoglobin, leukocytes, potassium, sodium and thrombocytes levels analysed upon admission.

Changes in left ventricular filling parameters before and after dialysis in patients with end stage renal disease.

The aim of this study was to investigate the grading of diastolic dysfunction (DD) in relation to hemodialysis in patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) on hemodialysis (HD) Cardiovascular disease is prevalent in patients with ESRD and accounts for significant morbidity and mortality. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is common in ESRD but little is known about the impact of HD on currently recommended grading schemes for DD. Comprehensive echocardiographic data was obtained in consecutive patients with ESRD before (n = 247) and immediately after (n = 239) standard HD regimen.

FGF23 in hemodialysis patients is associated with left ventricular hypertrophy and reduced ejection fraction.

Background: Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is known to cause left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), but controversy exists concerning its effect in dialysis. This study evaluated associations between FGF23 levels, echocardiography and prognosis in patients on hemodialysis (HD).

Methods: Patients >18 years on chronic HD were included in this cross-sectional study.

The Copenhagen Triage Algorithm is non-inferior to a traditional triage algorithm: A cluster-randomized study.

Introduction: Triage systems with limited room for clinical judgment are used by emergency departments (EDs) worldwide. The Copenhagen Triage Algorithm (CTA) is a simplified triage system with a clinical assessment.

Methods: The trial was a non-inferiority, two-center cluster-randomized crossover study where CTA was compared to a local adaptation of Adaptive Process Triage (ADAPT).

Cardiac systolic dysfunction in past illicit users of anabolic androgenic steroids.

Background: Illicit use of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) is associated with left ventricle (LV) systolic dysfunction and increased LV mass (LVM), but whether these findings persist in former AAS users has yet to be elucidated. The objective was to assess LV systolic function, LVM and myocardial fibrosis in current and former illicit AAS users compared with non-users.

Methods: Community-based cross-sectional study among men, aged 18–50 years, involved in recreational resistance training.

YKL-40 in patients with end-stage renal disease receiving haemodialysis.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine serum YKL-40 in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on haemodialysis (HD) and to evaluate the prognostic value of serum YKL-40.

Methods: Patients >18 years on maintenance HD were included. Serum YKL-40 was measured using ELISA before and after a single HD treatment.

The prognostic significance of lung function in stable heart failure outpatients.

Background: This study investigated the impact on all-cause mortality of airflow limitation indicative of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or restrictive spirometry pattern (RSP) in a stable systolic heart failure population.

Hypothesis: Decreased lung function indicates poor survival in heart failure.

Methods: Inclusion criteria: NYHA class II-IV and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 45%.

Prevalence of airflow obstruction in patients with stable systolic heart failure.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an important differential diagnosis in heart failure (HF). However, routine use of spirometry in outpatient HF clinics is not implemented. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of both airflow obstruction and non obstructive lung function impairment in patients with HF and to examine the effect of optimal medical treatment for HF on lung function parameters.

The Copenhagen Triage Algorithm: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Crowding in the emergency department (ED) is a well-known problem resulting in an increased risk of adverse outcomes. Effective triage might counteract this problem by identifying the sickest patients and ensuring early treatment. In the last two decades, systematic triage has become the standard in ED's worldwide.

Iron Deficiency in COPD Associates with Increased Pulmonary Artery Pressure Estimated by Echocardiography.

Objectives: Iron deficiency (ID) might augment chronic pulmonary hypertension in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This observational study investigates the association between ID and systolic pulmonary artery pressure estimated by echocardiography in non-anaemic COPD outpatients.

Methods: Non-anaemic COPD patients (GOLD II-IV) with no history of cardiovascular disease were recruited from outpatient clinics.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in patients with end-stage kidney disease on hemodialysis.

The objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in hemodialysis patients with spirometry and to examine the effects of fluid removal by hemodialysis on lung volumes. Patients ≥18 years at two Danish hemodialysis centers were included. Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1 ), forced vital capacity (FVC), and FEV1 /FVC ratio were measured with spirometry before and after hemodialysis.

Diethyl pyrocarbonate inactivates CD39/ecto-ATPDase by modifying His-59.

Diethyl pyrocarbonate (DEPC) in conditions that favour carbethoxylation of histidyl residues strongly inactivated E-type ATPase activity of a rat lung membrane preparation, as well as ecto-ATPase activity of rat vessels and human Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B lymphocytes. Inactivation of the enzyme (up to 70%) achieved at concentrations of DEPC below 0.5 mM could be fully reversed by 200 mM hydroxylamine at pH 7.

Influence of intramembrane electric charge on Na,K-ATPase.

Effects of lipophilic ions, tetraphenylphosphonium (TPP+) and tetraphenylboron (TPB-), on interactions of Na+ and K+ with Na,K-ATPase were studied with membrane-bound enzyme from bovine brain, pig kidney, and shark rectal gland. Na+ and K+ interactions with the inward-facing binding sites, monitored by eosin fluorescence and phosphorylation, were not influenced by lipophilic ions. Phosphoenzyme interactions with extracellular cations were evaluated through K(+)-, ADP-, and Na(+)-dependent dephosphorylation.

Ecto-ATPases: identities and functions.

Ecto-ATPases are ubiquitous in eukaryotic cells. They hydrolyze extracellular nucleoside tri- and/or diphosphates, and, when isolated, they exhibit E-type ATPase activity, (that is, the activity is dependent on Ca2+ or Mg2+, and it is insensitive to specific inhibitors of P-type, F-type, and V-type ATPases; in addition, several nucleotide tri- and/or diphosphates are hydrolysed, but nucleoside monophosphates and nonnucleoside phosphates are not substrates). Ecto-ATPases are glycoproteins; they do not form a phosphorylated intermediate during the catalytic cycle; they seem to have an extremely high turnover number; and they present specific experimental problems during solubilization and purification.

Effects of ATP and related nucleotides on the tone of isolated rat mesenteric resistance arteries.

The relationship between ecto-ATPase activity and the vasoactive effect of ATP is unclear. Previously we have characterized the ectonucleoside triphosphatase activity of isolated rat mesenteric small arteries and now characterize the effect of nucleotides on the tone of these arteries. In resting arteries, ATP caused concentration-dependent contractions that were transient and could not be reproduced within 2 h.

Effects of ATP and UTP on [Ca2+]i, membrane potential and force in isolated rat small arteries.

We have investigated excitation-contraction coupling mechanisms associated with the activation of purinoceptors and putative pyrimidinoceptors by assessing the effects of ATP and UTP on cytoplasmic Ca2+ activity ([Ca2+]i), membrane potential (Em) and force in rat mesenteric small arteries. UTP induced a sustained concentration-dependent contractions, closely associated with concentration-dependent increases in [Ca2+]i. Superfusion with 0.

The influence of membrane charge on the kinetic properties of Na,K-ATPase.

Lipophilic ions modify the affinity of the cation binding sites of the membrane-bound Na,K-ATPase. We studied the effect of the lipophilic ions tetraphenyl-phosphonium (TPP+) and tetraphenylboron (TPB-) on the binding of Na+ and K+ to the cation site(s) that are exhibited by the enzyme during the catalytic cycle: the high-affinity (inside) Na-binding site, site I, the low-affinity (outside) Na-leaving site, site II, and the high-affinity (outside) K-site, site III. Site I: In the presence of TPP+ (positive charge added to the lipid environment) a higher Na(+)-concentration was needed to obtain phosphorylation of the enzyme, whereas in the presence of TPB- (negative charge added to the lipid environment) phosphorylation was obtained at a lower Na(+)-concentration, but the change in apparent K0.