Zn(2+) inhibits the anion conductance of the glutamate transporter EEAT4.

Glutamate transport by the excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs) is coupled to the co-transport of 3 Na(+) ions and 1 H(+) and the counter-transport of 1 K(+) ion, which ensures that extracellular glutamate concentrations are maintained in the submicromolar range. In addition to the coupled ion fluxes, glutamate transport activates an uncoupled anion conductance that does not influence the rate or direction of transport but may have the capacity to influence the excitability of the cell. Free Zn(2+) ions are often co-localized with glutamate in the central nervous system and have the capacity to modulate the dynamics of excitatory neurotransmission.

[Urologic complications after radical operations (author's transl)].

In the last ten years 795 radical operations have been performed at the University Hospital Department of Gynecology in Ljubljana: 542 after Wertheim and 253 after Schauta. In operations after Wertheim there were 8 ureterovaginal fistulas (1.4%) and 1 vesico-vaginal fistula.