In vitro activities of omadacycline, eravacycline, cefiderocol, apramycin, and comparator antibiotics against Acinetobacter baumannii causing bloodstream infections in Greece, 2020-2021: a multicenter study.

Resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii to multiple clinically important antimicrobials has increased to very high rates in Greece, rendering most of them obsolete. The aim of this study was to determine the molecular epidemiology and susceptibilities of A. baumannii isolates collected from different hospitals across Greece.

Emergence of Clonally-Related South Asian Clade I Clinical Isolates of in a Greek COVID-19 Intensive Care Unit.

has recently emerged as a multidrug-resistant yeast implicated in various healthcare-associated invasive infections and hospital outbreaks. In the current study, we report the first five intensive care unit (ICU) cases affected by isolates in Greece, during October 2020-January 2022. The ICU of the hospital was converted to a COVID-19 unit on 25 February 2021, during the third wave of COVID-19 in Greece.

Filamentous Fungal Keratitis in Greece: A 16-Year Nationwide Multicenter Survey.

In a multicenter, prospective study of filamentous fungal keratitis in Greece, predisposing factors, etiology, treatment practices, and outcome, were determined. Corneal scrapings were collected from patients with clinical suspicion of fungal keratitis, and demographic and clinical data were recorded. Fungal identification was based on morphology, molecular methods, and matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass-spectrometry.

Changing Characteristics and Susceptibility to Ceftazidime/Avibactam of Bloodstream Extensively Drug-Resistant from a Greek Intensive Care Unit.

During 2014-2016, a total of 248 carbapenem-resistant (CARB-R Kp) were recovered in a Greek intensive care unit (ICU), the colistin resistance (COL-R) rates among CARB-R Kp from bloodstream infections (BSIs) were determined, and molecular characterization and the susceptibility of CARB-R+COL-R Kp to ceftazidime/avibactam were performed. The majority of CARB-R Kp from BSIs ( = 53) were OXA-48 (43.4%) and KPC (33.

Seven-day genotypic resistance-guided triple eradication therapy can be highly effective.

Background: The efficacy and applicability of molecular testing to guide the selection of antibiotics in triple ( eradication regimens have not been reported. We tested a 7-day, genotypic resistance-guided triple eradication therapy in a high-resistance setting.

Methods: Consecutive dyspeptic patients with infection were prospectively enrolled.

Extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii bacteraemia in a multidisciplinary intensive care unit during a 6-year period: Risk factors for fulminant sepsis.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine potential host-, pathogen-, infection- and treatment-related risk factors that might predict a fulminant fatal course of bacteraemia caused by extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (XDR-Aba).

Methods: Eighty-seven patients with monomicrobial growth of XDR-Aba in blood cultures within a 6-year period (2011-2016) were studied. Patients were divided into three groups according to ICU outcome: Group A (n=40) consisted of patients who survived; Group B (n=10) included patients with fulminant sepsis who died early (≤48h); and Group C (n=37) included patients who died later (>48h) after the onset of bacteraemia.

Investigation of Extensively Drug-Resistant blaOXA-23-Producing Acinetobacter baumannii Spread in a Greek Hospital.

A rapid increase was observed in the incidence of extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (XDR Aba) isolates in a Greek hospital during 2014. To investigate the causes of this rise, the antimicrobial resistance profiles of all carbapenem-resistant (CARB-R) Aba isolates recovered during 2014-2015 were determined. Selected XDR Aba isolates (n = 13) were characterized by molecular methods.

Characteristics of superinfections during treatment with tigecycline.

Tigecycline has a broad-spectrum in vitro activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains. However, some Gram-negative bacteria are intrinsically resistant or have reduced susceptibility to tigecycline. We performed a prospective, observational study of 43 patients who received tigecycline as the treatment for serious infections due to MDR Gram-negative microorganisms, to evaluate superinfections.

Characterization of ST258 Colistin-Resistant, blaKPC-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Greek Hospital.

The emergence of colistin resistance may further contribute to treatment failure of infection caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Klebsiella pneumoniae. The colistin resistance rates were determined and colistin-resistant carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae (COL-R CP-Kp) were characterized over an 18-month period in a Greek hospital.

Nationwide surveillance of resistance rates of Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates from Greek hospitals, 2012-2013.

Purpose To evaluate the in vitro efficacy of several anti-staphylococcal agents against a nationwide collection of contemporary Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates from several healthcare centres in Greece. Methods Thirty hospitals throughout Greece (18 in Attica) provided all clinical isolates of S.aureus from April 2012 to May 2013 to a central lab to be re-submitted to susceptibility testing.

Molecular identification of tigecycline- and colistin-resistant carbapenemase-producing Acinetobacter baumannii from a Greek hospital from 2011 to 2013.

An alarming increase in the resistance rates of tigecycline and colistin among carbapenemase-producing Acinetobacter baumannii recovered from a Greek hospital over a 3-year period (2011-2013) was investigated. The antimicrobial resistance profiles and carbapenemase gene content were determined for a collection of colistin- and/or tigecycline-resistant carbapenemase-producing A. baumannii isolates (n = 42), which were recovered consecutively during the study period.

Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae infections in a Greek intensive care unit: Molecular characterisation and treatment challenges.

Acquisition of carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (CP-Kp) strains poses a major threat to critically ill patients. The objectives of this study were to describe the epidemiology of CP-Kp isolates as well as the clinical outcome associated with the corresponding infections and to identify risk factors for mortality of intensive care unit (ICU) patients in a Greek hospital. A prospective, observational study was conducted in a nine-bed general ICU over a 2-year period (April 2010-March 2012).

Sequence-based identification, genotyping and EUCAST antifungal susceptibilities of Trichosporon clinical isolates from Greece.

Trichosporon yeasts constitute emerging pathogens, implicated in organ-specific and systemic infections. In this first, comprehensive study of Trichosporon clinical isolates in Greece, 42 isolates were identified by sequencing the hypervariable D1/D2 domain of the Large Subunit (LSU) rDNA gene, while Trichosporon asahii were genotyped by sequencing the Intergenic Spacer 1 region, and antifungal susceptibilities were determined by the EDef 7.2 (EUCAST) method, in parallel with the CLSI standard.

Community acquired quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli pyelonephritis complicated with multiple renal abscesses: a case report.

Acute pyelonephritis is a potentially organ-damaging and life-threatening infection. A 37-year old woman was admitted to Intensive Care Unit in septic shock and multi-organ failure due to acute pyelonephritis with systemic bacterial dissemination caused by a quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli. The patient, a previously healthy woman, reported recurrent episodes of urinary tract infection in the previous 3 years, which were treated with quinolones.

Burkholderia cenocepacia bacteremia without respiratory colonization in an adult intensive care unit: epidemiological and molecular investigation of an outbreak.

Background: To investigate an outbreak of Burkholderia cenocepacia bacteremia. Observational study and chart review in a multidisciplinary adult Intensive Care Unit (ICU) at a tertiary care hospital.

Methods: Patients' demographic variables, comorbid conditions, ICU admission diagnosis, disease severity and outcome were analyzed.

Risk factors for carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteremia in intensive care unit patients.

Purpose: Carbapenem-resistant (CR) Gram-negative pathogens have increased substantially. This study was performed to identify the risk factors for development of CR Gram-negative bacteremia (GNB) in intensive care unit (ICU) patients.

Methods: Prospective study; risk factors for development of CR-GNB were investigated using two groups of case patients: the first group consisted of patients who acquired carbapenem susceptible (CS) GNB and the second group included patients with CR-GNB.

Detection of metallo-β-lactamase genes in clinical specimens by a commercial multiplex PCR system.

hyplex®-MBL ID Multiplex PCR-ELISA, a novel method for identifying metallo-β-lactamase genes directly in clinical specimens, was evaluated using a consecutive collection of 326 samples from three hospitals in Greece characterized by high prevalence of VIM producers. The method exhibited high sensitivity (98.0%) and specificity (98.

Carbapenem-resistant versus carbapenem-susceptible Acinetobacter baumannii bacteremia in a Greek intensive care unit: risk factors, clinical features and outcomes.

Background: There has been an increasing incidence of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) infections in recent years. The objective of this study was to determine specific risk factors for and outcome of bacteremia due to CRAB isolates among our ICU patients with A. baumannii bacteremia.

An outbreak of hemodialysis catheter-related bacteremia with sepsis caused by Streptococcus agalactiae in a hemodialysis unit.

Background: Rates of invasive group B Streptococcus (GBS; Streptococcus agalactiae) disease in adults are on the rise. Invasive GBS disease can be community- or healthcare-associated. We report an outbreak of GBS catheter-related bacteremia in a hemodialysis (HD) unit.

Epidemiology, risk factors for and outcome of candidaemia among non-neutropenic patients in a Greek intensive care unit.

To determine the epidemiology, risk factors for and outcome of candidaemia in critically ill patients, a matched case-control study was performed in a 25-bed intensive care unit (ICU) from August 2004 to January 2006. Candidaemia occurred in 33 patients; each patient was matched to four controls according to admission illness severity, diagnostic category and length of ICU stay. Candida non-albicans species predominated (67.

Poststernotomy sternal osteomyelitis and mediastinitis by Trichosporon asahii: a rare occurrence with a grave prognosis.

Post-sternotomy infectious complications, including superficial and deep wound infections, sternal osteomyelitis and mediastinitis, are rarely caused by fungi. Trichosporon asahii is the main Trichosporon species that causes systemic infection in humans. Most cases involved neutropenic patients with hematologic malignancies.

Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus as a cause of rapidly progressing pyelonephritis with pyonephrosis, necessitating emergent nephrectomy.

In this article, we describe the first, to our knowledge, reported case of severe bacteremic upper urinary tract infection with pyonephrosis-in the context of prior chronic urinary tract disease-caused by community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The patient presented with fever and constitutional symptoms, and computed tomography revealed extensive renal parenchymal infection along with a staghorn calculus and dilatation of the pyelocalyceal system. His clinical condition rapidly deteriorated, and he developed uncontrollable sepsis, necessitating an emergent nephrectomy.

Risk factors for and influence of bloodstream infections on mortality: a 1-year prospective study in a Greek intensive-care unit.

To determine the incidence, risk factors for, and the influence of bloodstream infections (BSIs) on mortality of patients in intensive-care units (ICUs), prospectively collected data from all patients with a stay in an ICU >48 h, during a 1-year period, were analysed. Of 572 patients, 148 developed a total of 232 BSI episodes (incidence 16.3 episodes/1000 patient-days).