Predictive equation derived from 6,497 doubly labelled water measurements enables the detection of erroneous self-reported energy intake.

Nutritional epidemiology aims to link dietary exposures to chronic disease, but the instruments for evaluating dietary intake are inaccurate. One way to identify unreliable data and the sources of errors is to compare estimated intakes with the total energy expenditure (TEE). In this study, we used the International Atomic Energy Agency Doubly Labeled Water Database to derive a predictive equation for TEE using 6,497 measures of TEE in individuals aged 4 to 96 years.

Training volume and total energy expenditure of an Olympic and Ironman world champion: approaching the upper limits of human capabilities.

Research on world-class athletes in endurance events, such as cycling Grand Tours, has reported extreme levels of total energy expenditure. However, it has been argued that over extended periods, such as months, sustained energy expenditure is capped at approximately 2.5 times the basal metabolic rate.

The effect of a standardized verbal encouragement protocol on peak oxygen uptake during incremental treadmill testing in healthy individuals: A randomized cross-over trial.

Peak oxygen uptake (V̇O) is considered a vital indicator of health and physical fitness that is often measured during incremental exercise testing. While previous research has shown that the attained V̇O during exercise testing can be influenced by verbal encouragement, no or limited details were provided on the verbal encouragement protocol, hereby hampering implementation in clinical practice or research. Moreover, it remains unknown whether motivation modulates the effect of verbal encouragement.

Criterion Validity of Screening Tools and Field-Based Tests for Health-Related Physical Fitness in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Background: Monitoring health-related physical fitness (HRPF) may benefit proactive Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) management. However, knowledge regarding HRPF in patients with IBD is limited and gold standard tests are impractical for widespread use, necessitating simpler methods.

Aim: This study evaluated the criterion validity of screening tools and field-based tests compared to gold standard tests for HRPF in patients with IBD.

Inhibitory control mediates the effect of high intensity interval exercise on food choice.

Exercise is associated with changes in food consumption and cognitive function. The aim of this study was to examine the immediate effects of acute exercise on appetite, food choices, and cognitive processes, and the mediating role of cognitive functioning, namely inhibitory control, working memory, cognitive flexibility and decision making. We compared the effects of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) to a resting condition on appetite and food choices, using visual analogue rating scales and a computerised portion selection task.

Accuracy of the Apple Watch Series 4 and Fitbit Versa for Assessing Energy Expenditure and Heart Rate of Wheelchair Users During Treadmill Wheelchair Propulsion: Cross-sectional Study.

Background: The Apple Watch (AW) Series 1 provides energy expenditure (EE) for wheelchair users but was found to be inaccurate with an error of approximately 30%, and the corresponding error for heart rate (HR) provided by the Fitbit Charge 2 was approximately 10% to 20%. Improved accuracy of estimated EE and HR is expected with newer editions of these smart watches (SWs).

Objective: This study aims to assess the accuracy of the AW Series 4 (wheelchair-specific setting) and the Fitbit Versa (treadmill running mode) for estimating EE and HR during wheelchair propulsion at different intensities.

Differences in running technique between runners with better and poorer running economy and lower and higher milage: An artificial neural network approach.

Background: Prior studies investigated selected discrete sagittal-plane outcomes (e.g., peak knee flexion) in relation to running economy, hereby discarding the potential relevance of running technique parameters during noninvestigated phases of the gait cycle and in other movement planes.

Energy expenditure and dietary intake in professional female football players in the Dutch Women's League: Implications for nutritional counselling.

In contrast to male football players, research on the nutritional requirements of female football players is limited. This study aimed to assess total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) in professional female football players, along with body composition, physical activity and dietary intake. This observational study included 15 professional football players playing in the highest Dutch Women's League.

The Effect of Wearable-Based Real-Time Feedback on Running Injuries and Running Performance: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Running technique and running speed are considered important risk factors for running injuries. Real-time feedback on running technique and running speed by wearables may help reduce injury risk.

Purpose: To investigate whether real-time feedback on spatiotemporal metrics and relative speed by commercially available pressure-sensitive insoles would reduce running injuries and improve running performance compared with no real-time feedback.

Changes in running economy and running technique following 6 months of running with and without wearable-based real-time feedback.

Background: An increasing number of commercially available wearables provide real-time feedback on running biomechanics with the aim to reduce injury risk or improve performance.

Objective: Investigate whether real-time feedback by wearable insoles (ARION) alters running biomechanics and improves running economy more as compared to unsupervised running training. We also explored the correlation between changes in running biomechanics and running economy.

Energy Requirements of Paralympic Athletes: Insights from the Doubly Labeled Water Approach.

Purpose: Advanced insight in energy requirements of Paralympic athletes is imperative for optimizing their nutritional counseling. Given the lack of accurate data on total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) of Paralympic athletes, this study aimed to assess energy expenditure and nutritional intake of a large cohort of Paralympic athletes, across different sports and disabilities.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 48 Dutch and Norwegian Paralympic athletes (19 male/29 female) with various disabilities, competing in Para cycling, wheelchair tennis, wheelchair basketball, Para Nordic skiing, and alpine skiing participated.

Greater male variability in daily energy expenditure develops through puberty.

There is considerably greater variation in metabolic rates between men than between women, in terms of basal, activity and total (daily) energy expenditure (EE). One possible explanation is that EE is associated with male sexual characteristics (which are known to vary more than other traits) such as musculature and athletic capacity. Such traits might be predicted to be most prominent during periods of adolescence and young adulthood, when sexual behaviour develops and peaks.

The accuracy of commercially available instrumented insoles (ARION) for measuring spatiotemporal running metrics.

Spatiotemporal metrics such as step frequency have been associated with running injuries in some studies. Wearables can measure these metrics and provide real-time feedback in-field, but are often not validated. This study assessed the validity of commercially available wireless instrumented insoles (ARION) for quantifying spatiotemporal metrics during level running at different speeds (2.

Energy Expenditure, Body Composition, and Skeletal Muscle Oxidative Capacity in Patients with Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1.

Background: Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) patients are at risk for metabolic abnormalities and commonly experience overweight and obesity. Possibly, weight issues result from lowered resting energy expenditure (EE) and impaired muscle oxidative metabolism.

Objectives: This study aims to assess EE, body composition, and muscle oxidative capacity in patients with DM1 compared to age-, sex- and BMI-matched controls.

Total daily energy expenditure has declined over the past three decades due to declining basal expenditure, not reduced activity expenditure.

Obesity is caused by a prolonged positive energy balance. Whether reduced energy expenditure stemming from reduced activity levels contributes is debated. Here we show that in both sexes, total energy expenditure (TEE) adjusted for body composition and age declined since the late 1980s, while adjusted activity energy expenditure increased over time.

Energy expenditure, dietary intake and energy availability in female professional football players.

Objectives: To quantify energy expenditure and intake in professional female footballers playing on a national and/or international level. Second, to determine the prevalence of low energy availability among these players, defined as <30 kcal/kg fat-free mass (FFM)/day.

Methods: Fifty-one players completed a 14-day prospective observational study during the 2021/2022 football season.

Moderators of the Effectiveness of UPcomplish on Office Workers' Sedentary Behaviour, Quality of Life, and Psychosocial Determinants: A Stepped Wedge Design.

Background: In the earlier developed and evaluated 12-week UPcomplish intervention, the aim was to reduce sedentary behaviour (SB) among office workers and increase their quality of life (QoL). In the current study, we explored moderators of effectiveness.

Method: We applied a stepped wedge design with five intervention groups starting with time lags of seven weeks (n = 142, 96 females).

The increased perceived exertion during the six minute walking test is not accompanied by changes in cost of walking, gait characteristics or muscle fatigue in persons with multiple sclerosis.

Background: Persons with Multiple Sclerosis (pwMS) frequently experience walking difficulties, often expressed as a slower walking speed during the 6 Minute Walking Test (6MWT). In addition, slower walking speeds are also related to higher levels of perceived exertion. PwMS are also known to have a higher energetic Cost of walking (Cw) and may experience muscle fatigue during prolonged walking.

Physiological, Spatiotemporal, Anthropometric, Training, and Performance Characteristics of a 75-Year-Old Multiple World Record Holder Middle-Distance Runner.

Purpose: This study assessed the cardiorespiratory capacity, anaerobic speed reserve, and anthropometric and spatiotemporal variables of a 75-year-old world-class middle-distance runner who previously obtained several European and world records in the age categories of 60-70 years, achieved 13 European titles and 15 world champion titles, and also holds several European records for the 75-year-old category.

Methods: Heart rate, oxygen uptake, carbon dioxide production, ventilation, step frequency, contact time, and velocity at maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) were measured during treadmill running. Maximal sprinting speed was assessed during track sprinting and used to compute anaerobic speed reserve.

Assessment of Total Energy Expenditure and Physical Activity Using Activity Monitors.

To assess total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) under daily living conditions, the doubly labelled water (DLW) technique is considered the gold standard. This technique is accurate but also costly and requires specific lab equipment and expertise. It also provides an average measure of TDEE over a period of one to two weeks and hence no information on physical activity (PA) patterns is available.

Variation in human water turnover associated with environmental and lifestyle factors.

Water is essential for survival, but one in three individuals worldwide (2.2 billion people) lacks access to safe drinking water. Water intake requirements largely reflect water turnover (WT), the water used by the body each day.

High daily energy expenditure of Tuvan nomadic pastoralists living in an extreme cold environment.

Research investigating thermoregulatory energy costs in free-living humans is limited. We determined the total energy expenditure (TEE) of Tuvan pastoralists living in an extreme cold environment and explored the contribution of physical activity and cold-induced thermogenesis. Twelve semi-nomadic pastoralists (47 ± 8 years, 64 ± 8 kg) living under traditional circumstances, in Tuva, south-central Siberia, Russia, were observed during two consecutive 6-day periods in winter.

Determination of energy expenditure in professional cyclists using power data: Validation against doubly labeled water.

Introduction: Accurate determination of total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) in athletes is important for optimal performance and injury prevention, but current approaches are insufficiently accurate. We therefore developed an approach to determine TDEE in professional cyclists based on power data, basal metabolic rate (BMR), and a non-exercise physical activity level (PAL) value, and compared energy expenditure (EE) between multi-day and single-day races.

Methods: Twenty-one male professional cyclists participated.