Electrodeposited copper nanoparticles for creatinine detection via the in situ formation of copper-creatinine complexes.

Creatinine is an important biomarker of kidney diseases. In this work, a fast and facile electrochemical sensor was developed for creatinine detection based on the use of copper nanoparticle-modified screen-printed electrodes. The copper electrodes were prepared by simple electrodeposition of Cu (aq).