Nutrition education programs for burn survivors: A scoping review.

Despite the importance of nutrition education for burn survivors, only limited work has been done to ascertain what is known about these education programs. To scope the existing literature to ascertain what is known about the nature and outcomes associated with nutrition education programs for burn survivors, their families and caregivers. Arksey and O'Malley scoping review approach were utilized with searches across peer-reviewed databases and gray literature sources.

Whole-genome sequencing reveals de-novo mutations associated with nonsyndromic cleft lip/palate.

The majority (85%) of nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (nsCL/P) cases occur sporadically, suggesting a role for de novo mutations (DNMs) in the etiology of nsCL/P. To identify high impact protein-altering DNMs that contribute to the risk of nsCL/P, we conducted whole-genome sequencing (WGS) analyses in 130 African case-parent trios (affected probands and unaffected parents). We identified 162 high confidence protein-altering DNMs some of which are based on available evidence, contribute to the risk of nsCL/P.

Compassion Fatigue in the Burn Unit: A Review of Quantitative Evidence.

Healthcare staff across varied clinical settings are faced with varied stressors that can lead to compassion fatigue. However, there is currently no review examining the phenomenon in-depth in the burn unit. Thus, in the current study, the authors sought to scope existing studies to ascertain the prevalence, contributing factors, and effects of compassion fatigue in the burn unit.

Genome-Wide Scan for Parent-of-Origin Effects in a sub-Saharan African Cohort With Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip and/or Cleft Palate (CL/P).

Objective: Nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or cleft palate (NSCL/P) have multifactorial etiology where genetic factors, gene-environment interactions, stochastic factors, gene-gene interactions, and parent-of-origin effects (POEs) play cardinal roles. POEs arise when the parental origin of alleles differentially impacts the phenotype of the offspring. The aim of this study was to identify POEs that can increase risk for NSCL/P in humans using a genome-wide dataset.

Exploring the Background, Context, and Stressors of Caregiving to Elderly Burned Patients: A Qualitative Inquiry.

Elderly persons are at risk of experiencing burns and require support from both formal and informal caregivers. Informal caregiving in this situation has been minimally explored. Guided by the Stress Process Model, this study aimed at exploring the background, context, and stressors of informal caregivers of elderly burned persons during hospitalization.

"Managing uncertainty": Experiences of family members of burn patients from injury occurrence to the end-of-life period.

Background: Although mortality rates associated with burns have decreased, there is still a significant number of persons who may not survive severe forms of the injury and thus, undergo comfort/end of life care. The experiences of family members of persons whose injuries are deemed unsurvivable remain minimally explored and there is a general lack of practice guidelines and recommendations to support them at the end-of-life period.

Aim: To explore the experiences of family members whose relatives died in the burn unit to inform the development of practice recommendations.

"Hanging in a balance": A qualitative study exploring clinicians' experiences of providing care at the end of life in the burn unit.

Background: Although the culture in burns/critical care units is gradually evolving to support the delivery of palliative/end of life care, how clinicians experience the end of life phase in the burn unit remains minimally explored with a general lack of guidelines to support them.

Aim: To explore the end of life care experiences of burn care staff and ascertain how their experiences can facilitate the development of clinical guidelines.

Design: Interpretive-descriptive qualitative approach with a sequential two phased multiple data collection strategies was employed (face to face semi-structured in-depth interviews and follow-up consultative meeting).

Creating an Outpatient, Local Anesthetic Hand Operating Room in a Resource-Constrained Ghanaian Hospital Builds Surgical Capacity and Financial Stability.

Introduction: Expanding surgical capacity is very difficult in resource-constrained countries. Financial input and additional physical operating room space are needed. The surgical patient volume exists, but the lack of operating room time causes postponement of cases.

Combining Breast Reduction Techniques to Treat Gigantomastia in Ghana.

In this presentation of 2 consecutive cases of symptomatic juvenile breast hypertrophy in Ghana, we review the patient presentation, workup, and discuss outcomes following a combined technique of inferior pedicle stump with free nipple graft reduction mammoplasty. Surgical goals for treatment of gigantomastia were 2-fold: to resect adequate tissue to obtain symptomatic relief with improved quality of life, while avoiding a flat, boxy-appearing breast shape.

The prevalence, penetrance, and expressivity of etiologic variants in orofacial clefts patients from sub-Saharan Africa.

Background: Orofacial clefts are congenital malformations of the orofacial region, with a global incidence of one per 700 live births. Interferon Regulatory Factor 6 () (OMIM:607199) gene has been associated with the etiology of both syndromic and nonsyndromic orofacial clefts. The aim of this study was to show evidence of potentially pathogenic variants in in orofacial clefts cohorts from Africa.

The role of antioxidant micronutrients in the rate of recovery of burn patients: a systematic review.

Burn injury can be detrimental to the health of individuals, meanwhile victims lose proteins and micronutrients in wound exudates. Victims also experience extensive protein catabolism. These make them prone to malnutrition.

Chemical Burn Injury in Kumasi: The Trend and Complications following and Their Management.

Unlabelled: A chemical burn refers to irritation and destruction of human tissue caused by exposure to a chemical, usually by direct contact with the chemical or its fumes. The study investigated the trend and complications following chemical burns and their management.

Methods: The study involved a retrospective review of Burns Registry at the Burns Intensive Care Unit of the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital on patients who were admitted for burns from May 1, 2009 to April 30, 2013.

Multidisciplinary approach to genomics research in Africa: the AfriCRAN model.

This article is an outcome of the African Craniofacial Anomalies Research Network (AfriCRAN) Human Hereditary and Health (H3A) grant planning meeting in 2012 in Lagos, Nigeria. It describes the strengths of a multidisciplinary team approach to solving complex genetic traits in the craniofacial region. It also highlights the different components and argues for the composition of similar teams to fast track the discovery of disease genes, diagnostic tools, improved clinical treatment and ultimately prevention of diseases.

District-level hospital trauma care audit filters: Delphi technique for defining context-appropriate indicators for quality improvement initiative evaluation in developing countries.

Introduction: Prospective clinical audit of trauma care improves outcomes for the injured in high-income countries (HICs). However, equivalent, context-appropriate audit filters for use in low- and middle-income country (LMIC) district-level hospitals have not been well established. We aimed to develop context-appropriate trauma care audit filters for district-level hospitals in Ghana, was well as other LMICs more broadly.

Routine systemic antibiotic prophylaxis for burn injuries in developing countries: A best evidence topic (BET).

Background: Burns are common in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and complicated by unhygienic conditions, malnutrition, use of high-risk homemade dressings and delayed presentation. Resultantly, use of routine systemic antibiotic prophylaxis (SAP) to prevent wound infection is common practice despite this intervention being abandoned in high-income countries due to increased antimicrobial resistance and non-bacterial suprainfection.

Methods: A best evidence topic (BET) was constructed using a structured protocol.

The effect of dietary intake of antioxidant micronutrients on burn wound healing: a study in a tertiary health institution in a developing country.

Background: Burn injury results in emotional stress affecting dietary intake and antioxidant micronutrient intake, which is known to have effects on recovery outcomes. The study aimed to assess dietary intake of antioxidant micronutrients and recovery outcomes of burn patients.

Methods: Questionnaires were administered to 40 burn patients at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (Ghana) from January 1, 2014 to May 30, 2014.